Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga 'neeponi': ibhuloho elincinci engqondweni yethu

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba singazenza njani izinto ezinje ngokuphefumla nokuqhwanyaza ngaphandle kokuzinika ingqalelo? I -brainstem yindawo yokulawula ezenzekelayo yomzimba wethu. Ifana ne-switchboard ephambili enika amandla indlu yonke amandla. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu, efana nebhulorho yale brainstem. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-'pons.'

Kaloku, yintoni le 'Pons'? Iphi?

Ngamafutshane, ii-pons yibhulorho enkulu edibanisa ubuchopho bakho nomqolo odlula kumqolo wakho. Ifumaneka ezantsi kwengqondo, phakathi kwe-brainstem, i-midbrain, kunye ne-medulla oblongata.

Cinga ngayo njengezixeko ezibini ezinkulu. Esinye yi-cerebrum - ingqondo enkulu apho sicinga khona kwaye senza izigqibo. Esinye yi-cerebellum - ingqondo encinci elawula ulungelelwano kunye nokuhamba kwemizimba yethu. Indlela enkulu, okanye ibhulorho, ethwala ulwazi phakathi kwezi zixeko zimbini yi-pons. Ayipheleli apho, ikwanceda ukudlulisa imiyalezo phakathi kwamacala obuchopho asekunene nasekhohlo.

Uninzi lwemithambo-luvo ebusweni nasentlokweni yethu ilawulwa yile 'pons'. Iimithambo-luvo ezininzi ezikunceda ukulawula iimvakalelo ezifana nokuhlafuna ukutya, ukuqhwanyaza, ukugxila, ukukhala, ukuqonda into oyivayo, ukuncuma, kunye nokubonisa usizi ziqala apha.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngo 'Ponce'?

Iiponi zifana neziko lemiyalezo elixakekileyo, elenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu.

• Ukulawula ukuphefumla: Xa ubaleka, uhamba, okanye uhleli nje, izinga lokuphefumla kwakho liyatshintsha, akunjalo? Kwenzeka ngokwendalo. Oku kulawulwa yiqela leeseli zemithambo-luvo kwi-pons. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-pneumotaxic center. Eli ziko limisela ukuba ungakanani umoya owuthathayo ngokuphefumla ngakunye kunye nokuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuthatha ukuphefumla okulandelayo.

• Ukulawula umjikelo wokulala nokuvuka: Iipons zidlala indima enkulu ekulawuleni ubuthongo obunzulu esibufumanayo. Ukulala akupheleli nje ekuvaleni amehlo ethu, lixesha elibalulekileyo lokuba ingqondo izilungise kwaye isebenzise ulwazi eluqokelele imini yonke. Iipons zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkqubo yenziwa ngokufanelekileyo.

• Ukubonelela ngeemvakalelo kunye neentshukumo zokulawula:Iipons zikwanoxanduva lokuthumela iimvakalelo ezifana nokungcamla, ukuchukumisa, kunye nesandi kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. Kubalulekile nokulawula iintshukumo zomzimba wethu, ingakumbi ukusebenza kwezihlunu zobuso.

Uyibona njani ingxaki 'ngeepons'?

I-brainstem yisakhiwo esintsonkothileyo kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukubona umonakalo kule ndawo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ingxaki ngee-'pons', ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokuvela. Ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zenzeka ngequbuliso, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko, kuba isenokuba luphawu lwestroke.

Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu ngaphandle kokwenzakala entlokweni okanye entanyeni yakho, oko kungaba luphawu olungabonakaliyo lwengxaki yobuchopho. Ezinye izibetho eziqatha ze-brainstem zinokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'locked-in syndrome', apho isigulana sinokushukumisa amehlo kuphela, kodwa sinengqiqo epheleleyo kunye nobuchule bokucinga.

Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezinokuchaphazela iipons?

Ngenxa yokuba ii-pons zikwindawo ephakathi engqondweni, zinokuchaphazeleka ziimeko ezininzi zonyango ezichaphazela ingqondo.

Phakathi kwabo:

• Istroke, ingakumbi istroke ezichaphazela iipons (Pontine Strokes )
• I-Central Pontine Myelinolysis - Le yimeko enokubangelwa kukutshintsha ngesiquphe kwamanqanaba esodium emzimbeni.
• Izifo zomzimba, umzekelo, i-multiple sclerosis
• Izifo ezinxulumene nokuwohloka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ezifana neMultiple System Atrophy
• Ezinye iimeko ezenzeka xa umntu ezalwa
• Iithumba zobuchopho

Ukongeza, iiponi zingonakalisa nangenxa yokwenzakala entloko.

• Ukubetheka kwengqondo - ukwenzakala okuncinci engqondweni okubangelwa kukubetheka entloko
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu

Istroke ezichaphazela ii-pons zibangelwa ikakhulu ziingxaki zemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ngasemva kwengqondo (imithambo ye-vertebral kunye ne-basilar). Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezininzi.

• I-Atherosclerosis: Iimfumba zamafutha (i-atherosclerosis) zenzeka kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi, ezinokuqhekeka zize zibangele ukuba igazi liqhekeke, zivale imithambo yegazi. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwestroke.
• I-Embolism: Ihlwili legazi elenzeka entliziyweni okanye kwenye indawo liyaqhekeka lize lihlale emthanjeni wegazi osebuchotsheni.
• I-Vasculitis: Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi, oko kuthetha ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kuthintelwe ngenxa yokudumba.
• Ukuxinana kwegazi: Iimeko apho igazi liqina ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Singayigcina njani yonke ingqondo yethu, kuquka 'iipons' zethu, isempilweni?

Ingqondo isebenzisa malunga nama-20% amandla aveliswa yimizimba yethu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ingqondo ifuna ukutya okunempilo kunye namandla rhoqo. Ukugcina ingqondo isempilweni kuthetha ukukhusela yonke inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, kuquka neepons.

• Lala kakuhle: Ukulala ngokwaneleyo kuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo, inkumbulo, kunye nexesha lokunikel’ ingqalelo.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo: Ukuzilolonga kwandisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni, nto leyo enokukunceda uhlale uphaphile.
• Gcina ukutya okunempilo: Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wezifo ezifana nestroke, isifo seswekile, kunye nesifo sika-Alzheimer.
• Lawula izifo ezingapheliyo: Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo seswekile, zinokuchaphazela kakubi ingqondo yakho. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho, ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo, kwaye ulawule ezo meko kakuhle.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko: Ukwenzakala entloko kunokubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka engqondweni. Ngoko soloko unxibe isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela ibhayisekile, ibhayisekile, okanye udlala nawuphi na omnye umdlalo onokubangela ukwenzakala entloko.