Khawuthelekelele uziva ngequbuliso intlungu ebukhali esifubeni sakho, kunye nesicaphucaphu . Le ntlungu iba mandundu xa uphefumla nzulu okanye ulala phantsi. Kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, xa uhlala phantsi ugobe phambili, kubonakala ngathi yehla kancinci. Abantu abaninzi bayoyika ukuba esi sisifo sentliziyo ngexesha elinje. Elo loyiko lifanelekile, kodwa ezi mpawu zahlukile kwisifo sentliziyo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo zinokuba yimeko efuna ingqalelo. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko inxulumene nentliziyo yethu. Yiyo leyo iPericarditis .
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iPericarditis?
Intliziyo yethu ayisiyonto nje kuphela. Ijikelezwe sisigqubuthelo esincinci esifana nengxowa ukuze ikhuseleke. Oku sikubiza ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-pericardium . Umsebenzi ophambili wale ngxowa kukunciphisa ukungqubana okwenzeka xa intliziyo ibetha nokukhusela intliziyo kwiintsholongwane ezivela ngaphandle.
Ngoko ke, i-Pericarditis kukudumba kwesingxobo esikhuselayo esijikeleze intliziyo. Xa sisithi "ukudumba," cinga ngako xa senzakala kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wethu, indawo iba bomvu, idumbe, kwaye ibe buhlungu. Le yimeko eyenzeka kwesi ngxobo esijikeleze intliziyo. Oku kudla ngokuqala ngequbuliso kwaye kunokuhlala iiveki okanye iinyanga.
Nangona le meko inokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda aphakathi kweminyaka eli-16 nengama-65. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba idla ngokuphathwa ngempumelelo kwaye inyangeke.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-pericarditis?
Le meko inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kubude bexesha kunye nesizathu sophuhliso lwayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi oku.
| Uhlobo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Kuxhomekeke kubude bexesha lesifo | |
| I-Acute Pericarditis (ukuqala ngequbuliso) | Iqala ngequbuliso. Iimpawu zihlala zingaphantsi kweeveki ezi-4-6. |
| I-Subacute Pericarditis (ehlala ixesha elide) | Iimpawu zihlala ngaphezu kweeveki ezi-4-6, kodwa zihlala ziphela emva kweenyanga ezi-3. |
| I-Pericarditis engapheliyo | Iimpawu ziyaqhubeka ixesha elingaphezu kweenyanga ezi-3 emva kwesiganeko sokuqala. |
| I-Pericarditis ephindaphindiweyo | Emva konyango lokuqala nokuchacha, le meko iphinda ivele. Oku kunokwenzeka kwi-30% yezigulana. |
| Ngokwesizathu sesifo | |
| I-Idiopathic Pericarditis | Akukho sizathu sicacileyo sale nto. Olu lolona hlobo lubonwa rhoqo. |
| I-Pericarditis esulelayo | Ibangelwa lusulelo olufana neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, okanye ifungi. |
| I-Pericarditis ebulalayo | Ingabangelwa ngumhlaza kwenye indawo emzimbeni. |
| I-Pericarditis ebuhlungu | Inokwenzeka emva kokwenzakala esifubeni, umzekelo, ingozi yemoto. |
| I-Uremic Pericarditis | Imeko ebangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. |
Ukongeza, kukho ingxaki enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yiConstrictive Pericarditis . Oku kwenzeka xa ii-membrane zengxowa ejikeleze intliziyo ziqina, ziqhekeke, kwaye zinamathelane. Oku kunciphisa indawo yokuba intliziyo ibethe ngokukhululekileyo.
Zithini iimpawu ze-pericarditis? Uyibona njani?
Uphawu oluphambili noluqhelekileyo lwale meko ziintlungu zesifuba . Kodwa le ayisiyontlungu yesifuba eqhelekileyo.
- Ivakala ngathi yintlungu ebukhali nehlabayo .
- Le ntlungu iyanda xa ukhohlela, uginya, uphefumla nzulu, kwaye ulala phantsi .
- Intlungu iyancipha xa uhleli ugobile phambili .
Ezi mpawu zimbini zokugqibela (ziyanda xa ugoba kwaye ziyancipha xa ugoba phambili) zibaluleke kakhulu ekwahlukaniseni i-pericarditis kwisifo sentliziyo.
Le ntlungu yesifuba ngamanye amaxesha inokusasaza emqolo, entanyeni, okanye egxalabeni lasekhohlo.
Ukongeza kwiintlungu zesifuba, usenokuba nezinye iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla xa ulele phantsi
- Ukukhwehlela okomileyo okubuhlungu
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo (ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngendlela engaqhelekanga)
- Ukudinwa
- Ifiva
- Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, kunye neenyawo kwiimeko ezinzima
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza . Ukuba ucinga ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngokukhawuleza. Ayisiyongcinga ilungileyo ukuyihlehlisa.
Kutheni i-Pericarditis isenzeka? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?
I-Pericarditis inokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe aseNtshona, idla ngokubonwa njenge-idiopathic okanye ibangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane. Oogqirha bahlukanise ezi zizathu zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Izizathu ezibangela usulelo:
- Iintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane ezifana nomkhuhlane, i-COVID-19, i-adenovirus, i-HIV.
- Iintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana nesifo sephepha.
- Iifungi kunye neentsholongwane: Ezi azifumaneki rhoqo.
2. Izizathu ezingezizo ezosulelayo:
- Utyando lwesifuba okanye ingozi .
- Umhlaza owenzeka kwenye indawo emzimbeni.
- Iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba: Njenge-lupus kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis, ezi ziimeko apho amajoni omzimba wethu ahlasela iiseli zethu.
- I-uremia, ingxaki yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso .
- Ukungabikho kakhulu kwehomoni ye-thyroid (i-hypothyroidism enzulu) .
Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko
Usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-pericarditis emva kweziganeko ezithile.
- Emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo:Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Dressler's syndrome.
- Emva kotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo: Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-postpericardiotomy syndrome.
- Emva kokufumana unyango lwe-radiation.
- Emva kwezinye iindlela zonyango, ezifana ne -cardiac catheterization okanye i-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) .
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Ukuba i-pericarditis ayinyangwa ngexesha, iingxaki eziyingozi zinokwenzeka.
Eyona iphambili yiPericardial Effusion . Ngamafutshane, kukuqokelelana kolwelo (amanzi) ngaphakathi kwingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo. Nangona amanzi amancinci engeyonto inkulu, ukuba olu lwelo luqokelelana ngokukhawuleza, lunokukhokelela kwimeko embi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yiCardiac Tamponade .
I-cardiac tamponade yimeko apho ulwelo luqokelelana khona lujikeleze intliziyo, nto leyo ethintela ukuba ingampompi kakuhle. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango enokuba yingozi ebomini.
Kungoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona iimpawu ze-pericarditis. Ukuba uqala unyango kwangethuba, unokuthintela ezi ngxaki zinzima ukuba zingabikho.
Gqirha, uyixilonga njani le nto?
Xa usiya kugqirha wakho, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho nokuba ukhe waba nazo na izifo kutshanje. Emva koko uza kubeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho aze asihlole.
Kwi-pericarditis, ii-membrane ezivuvukileyo ziyaxubana njengoko intliziyo ibetha, zenze isandi sokugquma, njengamagqabi amabini axutywa kunye. Oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuthi “yi-pericardial rub.” Ukuba usiva esi sandi, luphawu oluqinileyo lokuba une-pericarditis.
Ukongeza, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokujonga iingxaki, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ezifana nezi.
| Uvavanyo | Ubona ntoni kule nto? |
|---|---|
| I-X-reyi yesifuba | Jonga izinto ezinje ngobungakanani bentliziyo kunye nokuba kukho amanzi na emiphungeni. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Khangela utshintsho kumsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Iipatheni ezithile ze-pericarditis zinokubonwa kwi-ECG. |
| I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo) | Jonga indlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo kwaye ingaba ingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo izaliswe ngamanzi angaphezulu. |
| I-MRI yentliziyo | Khangela ngononophelo ukuba akukho ukudumba, ukuqina, okanye ukuvaleka kwentliziyo kwingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo. |
| Iskeni ye-CT | Jonga ibhegi ukuba ayinazo na iikhalsiyam kunye namandongomane. |
| Ukucoca Intliziyo | Ukuqinisekisa iimeko ezifana ne-constrictive pericarditis, linganisa uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwentliziyo. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Iimpawu zokudumba emzimbeni zinceda ekuchongeni unobangela wesifo. |
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-pericarditis?
Idla ngokuphathwa ngamayeza kunye nemiqathango yokusebenza komzimba, kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye utyando lunokufuneka.
Amayeza
Abantu abaninzi bafumana isiqabu kwezi ziyobisi.
- Ii-NSAID: Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu kunye namayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala, njenge-ibuprofen okanye i-aspirin enedosi ephezulu.
- I-Colchicine: Olu luhlobo lonyango olunciphisa ukudumba. Ugqirha wakho angakunika olu nyango ukuba iimpawu zakho bezikho kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwesibini okanye ukuba imeko iphinda ibuyele umva.
- I-Prednisone: Olu luhlobo lwe-steroid. Olu luhlobo lonyango lunokunikwa ukuba amanye amayeza awasebenzi kuwe.
- Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye awokubulala iintsholongwane: Ukuba isigulo sakho sibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwefungus, uza kunikwa amayeza afanelekileyo okubulala iintsholongwane.
Ukuthintelwa kwemisebenzi yomzimba kunye nokuphumla
Ukuphumla kubalulekile xa usaphila kwi-pericarditis. Ukuba uzilolonga, ubaleka, okanye wenza eminye imisebenzi enzima, ingenza ukudumba kube mandundu. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kufuneka unciphise ixesha elingakanani kwaye ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elingakanani imisebenzi yomzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngqo.
Ukukhupha amanzi
Ukuba kukho imeko efana neCardiac Tamponade, esithethe ngayo ngaphambili, eyenzeka, oko kukuthi, ukuba intliziyo izaliswe ngamanzi kwaye intliziyo ivalekile, olo lwelo lungaphezulu kufuneka lususwe.
- I-Pericardiocentesis: Oku kuquka ukufaka umbhobho omde nobhityileyo (i-catheter) esifubeni nokukhupha ulwelo oluqokelelene kwisingxobo esijikeleze intliziyo.
- Ifestile yePericardial: Ukuba ulwelo alunakukhutshelwa ngenaliti, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci esifubeni, kwenziwe umngxuma omncinci kwisingxobo esijikeleze intliziyo, kwaye ulwelo luvunyelwe ukuba luphume kuwo.
Utyando
Ukuba unesifo esibi kakhulu njenge-Constrictive Pericarditis, kunokufuneka wenze utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi -Pericardiectomy , olukukususwa kwenxalenye yesingxobo esijiyileyo esijikeleze intliziyo.
Yintoni elandelayo? Yintoni esinokuyilindela?
Kuya kufuneka uphumle okwethutyana ngelixa uphola kwi-pericarditis. Wakuba uphilile ngokupheleleyo, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Kodwa ungabuyeli ekuzilolongeni okunzima de ugqirha wakho athi, "Kulungile, kulungile ngoku."
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngonyango olukhawulezileyo, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila ngokupheleleyo . Ezinye iimeko ezincinci zinokuba ngcono nangokulala. Kodwa ukuba azinyangwa, zinokuba zizifo ezingapheliyo.
Phakathi kwe -15% kunye ne-30% yabantu abane-pericarditis baya kuba neziqendu eziphindaphindayo ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho kwaye uhlale ulandela amadinga okulandela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ayizizo zonke iintlungu zesifuba ozifumanayo ezibangelwa kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kodwa naziphi na iintlungu zesifuba kufuneka zithathwe nzulu .
- Intlungu ye-pericarditis ineempawu ezithile: intlungu ebukhali eyandayo xa ulele phantsi kwaye iyancipha xa ugoba phambili .
- Ukuba ubona ugqirha ngexesha kwaye ufumane unyango, oku kunokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo .
- Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha. Musa ukuyeka phakathi. Ukuba ukuxelela ukuba uphumle, landela imiyalelo yakhe ngokuchanekileyo.
- Kwanasemva kokuba isifo siphelile, ukuvavanywa rhoqo ngugqirha kunceda ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singaphindi sibuye.
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