Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi umntwana wakho omncinci unengxaki yokuchama ? Okanye uvakalelwa kukuba umchamo wakhe uncinci kakhulu kwaye uyavuza? Nangona abanye abazali besenokungazinaki ezi zinto, oku kungaba luphawu lwengxaki yokuzalwa echaphazela abafana kuphela. Namhlanje sithetha ngenye yezi meko, i-Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV).
Zithini kanye kanye iiPosterior Urethral Valves (PUV)?
Ngamafutshane, iiPosterior Urethral Valves (PUV) zizifo ezibangelwa kukuzalwa ezichaphazela kuphela amakhwenkwe. Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba kukho inxalenye efana ne-membrane ekhulayo ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ethwala umchamo (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-urethra). Cinga ngayo njengento enamathele ngaphakathi kwipayipi yamanzi. Ngaleyo ndlela, i-membrane ayinakuhamba kakuhle ngenxa yomchamo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngenxa yoku? Isinyi somntwana asiphumi kakuhle. Ngoko ke lo mchamo uqokelelweyo ubuyela umva uze uqale ukonakalisa isinyi kunye nezintso . Le meko yenzeka ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni. Ke ngoko, ngamanye amaxesha inokubonwa ngeeskeni ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe, okanye emva kokuzalwa, okanye ngexesha lobuntwana. Elinye igama lale nto yi-`(Congenital Obstructive Posterior Urethral Membrane - COPUM)`.
Ingaba le yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu?
Hayi, esi ayisosifo sichaphazela wonke umntu. Kodwa le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-PUV, yeyona nto ibangela ukuvaleka komchamo kumakhwenkwe amancinci.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka kusana nosana. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha bafumanisa ezi mpawu kwi-scan kamama ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi mpawu zinokuvela emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuma komchamo obuthathaka okanye ophuma kancinci | Xa umntwana echama , umchamo awuphumi ngamandla, kodwa uphuma ngomlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu, ofana namachaphaza. |
| Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs) | Ngenxa yokuba umchamo awukhutshelwa kakuhle, iintsholongwane zinokukhula ngokulula zize zibangele usulelo. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba womntwana | Ukwanda kobunzima kusenokucotha kuba umntwana akafumani izondlo ezifanelekileyo ezifunekayo ukuze akhule. |
| Intlungu ngexesha lokuchama (i-dysuria) | Ukuba umntwana wakho uyakhala okanye ubonakalisa ukungakhululeki xa echama , kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yentlungu. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama | Ukuba umntwana kufuneka asebenze nzima ukuze achame, oko kukwaluphawu. |
| Ulwelo oluphantsi lwe-amniotic `(oligohydramnios)` | Oku kubonakala ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-scan xa umntwana esesibelekweni. |
| Ukudumba kwezintso (i-hydronephrosis) | Oogqirha banokukubona oku ngokusebenzisa iiskeni ngexesha lokukhulelwa. |
Kutheni oku kusenzeka?
Isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikaziwa okwangoku, kodwa siyazi ukuba kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba olu lwelwesi longezelelweyo lwenzeka kwi-urethra ngexesha lokuqala kokukhula komntwana esibelekweni.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhumbula ukuba le ayisiyonto oyenzileyo kakubi . Le yinxalenye nje yophuhliso lomntwana ngokwasemzimbeni.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Ukuba le meko ayinyangwa ngexesha, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu zempilo, njengoko izintso zisoloko zonakala ngenxa yokuhamba komchamo ngasemva.
| Ingxaki | Ithetha ntoni le nto? |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuma komchamo ubuyela kwizintso (i-vesicoureteral reflux/VUR) | Umchamo ozalisa isinyi ubuyela phezulu, oko kukuthi, uye kwizintso. Oku konakalisa izintso. |
| Ukungakwazi ukukhupha yonke into kwisinyi (ukugcinwa komchamo) | Kusoloko kukho umchamo oshiyekileyo kwisinyi. Le yeyona nto ibangela usulelo. |
| Ukudumba kwezintso | Izintso ziqala ukudumba ngenxa yoxinzelelo lomchamo. |
| Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso | Le yeyona meko inzima kakhulu enokwenzeka. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izintso zinokonakala zize ziyeke ukusebenza. |
Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?
Ugqirha uza kumxilonga umntwana aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amcebise ngezi zilingo zininzi.
| Uvavanyo | Wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Iskeni yezintso nge-ultrasound | Oku kuya kujonga inkangeleko yezintso zomntwana, isinyi, kunye nomgudu womchamo, kwaye kujonge naziphi na izithintelo. |
| I-Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) | Olu luvavanyo lwe-X-ray olukhethekileyo olunokubonisa ngqo indlela isinyi esizalisa ngayo nesikhupha ngayo, kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo kwi-urethra. |
| I-Cystoscopy | Uvavanyo apho ityhubhu enekhamera encinci idluliselwa kwi-urethra kwaye ukuvaleka ngaphakathi kujongwa ngqo. |
| Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwezintso | Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo lulinganisa indlela ezisebenza kakuhle ngayo izintso zomntwana. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango oluphambili loku kukuhlinzwa ukususa i-membrane ethintelayo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kusetyenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-"fulguration." Oku kuthetha ukusebenzisa ubushushu obuvela kumbane ukutshabalalisa izicubu ezongezelelweyo.
Ukongeza, ugqirha angacebisa ezinye iindlela zonyango ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yomntwana.
- Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kumchamo: Ityhubhu yexeshana (i-catheter) inokufakwa ukuze kukhutshwe umchamo kwisinyi.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba une-urinary tract infection, uza kunikwa ii-antibiotics ukuze uyinyange.
- Ukuba izintso aziphumeleli: Ukuba imeko iba mandundu kwaye izintso aziphumeleli, i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa izintso kungafuneka.
- Amanye amayeza: Ii-antispasmodics nazo zinganikwa ukuze kube lula ukuchama.
Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba utyando lwenziwe ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango? Ithini imbono?
Umntwana one-PUV uya kufuna ulwalathiso lwezonyango ubomi bakhe bonke, nokuba sele efumene unyango. Uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo, iiskeni, kunye nokusebenza kwezintso kufuneka kujongwe rhoqo.
Abanye abantwana banokuba nengxaki yokungakwazi ukuzibamba xa besebancinci okanye xa sele bekhulile. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga ne-15% yabantwana abanale meko basengozini yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Nangona kunjalo, icala elibi kukuba abantwana abangama-85 kwabayi-100 abaphuhlisi le meko imbi . Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyichonga kwangethuba, ukuyinyanga ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye uhlale unxibelelana nogqirha wakho.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye zeempawu esizikhankanyileyo, nceda ungalibazisi.Yisa umntwana wakho kugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba akanyangwa, oku kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu.
Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha, kuya kuba luncedo ukubuza le mibuzo.
- Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zoku?
- Lwenziwa njani kanye kanye olu nyango?
- Yintoni omele uyilindele ngexesha lokuchacha emva konyango?
- Ndingamnyamekela njani umntwana ngelo xesha?
- Sifanele sibuye nini kwakhona kugqirha?
Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yempilo efana nale. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqonda ukuba oku akulona ityala lakho. Ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lezempilo baya kukunceda kuyo yonke inyathelo. Ngoko ke ungoyiki. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iivalvu zePosterior Urethral (PUV) zizifo ezibangelwa kukuzalwa ezichaphazela kuphela amakhwenkwe kwaye zithintela ukuhamba komchamo.
- Ubuthathaka bomchamo, usulelo oluqhelekileyo lomchamo, kunye nokuncipha kobunzima emntwaneni zisenokuba zezona mpawu ziphambili.
- Le meko inokubonwa nangee-scans ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.
- Unyango oluphambili kukususa ukuvaleka kwi-urethra ngotyando.
- Kwanasemva konyango, ukujonga impilo yomntwana ubomi bakhe bonke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela impilo yezintso zakhe.
- Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba oku akulona ityala labazali.
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