Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba kufuneka ukhuphe enye yezintso zakho ngokupheleleyo, ungaziva uloyiko olukhulu kwaye wothukile. "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni kum ukuba ndinezintso ezimbini kwaye enye ikhutshwe?" "Ngaba olu lutyando olukhulu?" Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngolu tyando olubizwa ngokuba yiRadical Nephrectomy, kwaye sifumane iimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni.
Yintoni iRadical Nephrectomy?
Ngamafutshane, olu lutyando lokususa ngokupheleleyo enye yezintso zakho. Ngokwezonyango, igama elithi "nephr" lithetha "izintso." Igama elithi "ectomy" lithetha "ukususwa." Ngoko ke, i-nephrectomy kukususwa kwezintso.
Kolu tyando, ugqirha ususa yonke intso yakho, kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha ezijikelezileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-adrenal gland engaphezulu kwentso kunye ne-lymph nodes ezijikeleze intso nazo zisenokufuna ukususwa.
Kodwa khumbula oku: Nangona sonke sinezintso ezimbini, singaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kweengxaki ngentso enye ephilileyo. Enye izintso ithatha umsebenzi wezintso ezisusiweyo ize ibe nkulu kancinci kwaye isebenze ngamandla angakumbi.
Kutheni kufuneka wenze olu hlobo lotyando?
Isizathu esiphambili solu tyando kukususa ithumba lezintso elinomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu tyando ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi.
- Ukuba nomhlaza wezintso: Ingakumbi ukuba umhlaza mkhulu kakhulu okanye kukho umngcipheko wokusasazeka ngaphandle kwezintso.
- Usulelo lwezintso oluqhelekileyo: Ukuba izintso zonakele ngenxa yosulelo oluqhubekayo olungenakulawulwa ngonyango.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso: Ukuba enye yezintso ayisebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yengozi, isifo, okanye esinye isizathu.
- Ukunikela ngezintso: Ukuba unikela ngezintso kumntu omthandayo.
Olu lutyando oluqhelekileyo nolwenziwa rhoqo, ngoko ke musa ukuloyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
Ungayilungiselela njani utyando?
Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, uza kululungiselela ngononophelo kwangaphambili.
1. Uvavanyo lwezonyango:Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala enze uvavanyo lwegazi. Olu vavanyo luya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwezintso zakho kunye nohlobo lwegazi lakho. Oku kuya kunceda ekufumaneni umbono wokuba izintso zakho eziseleyo ziya kusebenza kakuhle kangakanani emva kotyando. Kubalulekile nokwazi uhlobo lwegazi lakho xa kufuneka unikele ngegazi, nokuba yingxamiseko. Baza kujonga nempilo yakho ngokubanzi, efana nobushushu bakho, isantya sentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
2. Ukwazisa ugqirha ngamayeza owasebenzisayo: Kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, nokuba amiselwe ngugqirha, amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (afana nee-NSAID), amayeza okunciphisa igazi (afana namayeza okuthintela ukugabha kwegazi), iivithamini, amayeza e-Ayurvedic okanye eemifuno. Amanye amayeza anokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha ngexesha lotyando.
3. Sixelele nge-allergies zakho: Ukuba une-allergies kumayeza athile, i-latex, okanye i-iodine esetyenziselwa ukucoca ulusu lwakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka usixelele ngazo.
4. Ukutya nokusela: Uza kunikwa imiyalelo ecacileyo yokuba zingaphi iiyure omele uzile ukutya ngaphambi kotyando kunye nokuba kufuneka uyeke nini ukusela amanzi. Ukuba unokutya esiswini sakho ngelixa uphantsi kwe-anesthesia, usenokuhlanza kwaye ukutya kunokungena emiphungeni yakho. Oku kuyingozi. Ngoko ke landela imiyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Ziziphi iindlela zokwenza olu tyando?
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokwenza i-radical nephrectomy. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe ngokwemeko yakho.
| Indlela yotyando | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| I-Open Radical Nephrectomy | Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wenza utyando olukhulu olumalunga ne-intshi ezili-12 aze enze olu tyando. Le ndlela isetyenziswa ukuba umhlaza wezintso mkhulu kakhulu okanye ukuba kufuneka kususwe inani elikhulu lee-lymph nodes ezingqongileyo. |
| Utyando lweLaparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy | Kule meko, endaweni yesigcawu esinye esikhulu, kwenziwa imigca emincinci emininzi, enobukhulu obuyi-1 sentimitha. Isixhobo esincinci esinekhamera (i-laparoscope) sifakwa ngesigcawu esinye, sijongwe kwisikrini, kwaye izixhobo ezincinci zifakwa ngezinye izigcawu ukususa izintso. Le yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu ngoku. |
| Utyando lweRobotic Radical Nephrectomy | Oku kufana notyando lwe-laparoscopic, kodwa apha izixhobo zotyando zilawulwa ziingalo zerobhothi ezilawulwa ngugqirha. Oku kuvumela ukuba utyando lwenziwe ngobuchule nangokuchanekileyo. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Emva kokuba usiwe kwigumbi lotyando, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kukunika i-anesthesia jikelele. Oku kuthetha ukuba awuyi kuva ntlungu kwaye uza kulala ubuthongo obunzulu de utyando luphele.
Emveni kwalonto,
- Uza kunikwa i-catheter yomchamo ukuze ukhuphe isinyi sakho.
- Kwimeko yotyando lwe-laparoscopic okanye lwerobhothi, kwenziwa imingxunya embalwa emincinci kwaye isisu sizaliswe yigesi encinci yekhabhoni diokside ukuze kubekho isithuba phakathi kwamalungu omzimba.
- Ugqirha usika ngononophelo imithambo yegazi edibene nezintso aze asuse izintso, izicubu ezijikeleze zona, kunye nezinye iindawo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Emva kotyando, ityhubhu encinci (i-surgical drain) inokufakwa ukuze kususwe ulwelo olugqithisileyo kunye negazi eliqokelelana ngaphakathi.
- Ekugqibeleni, amanxeba avalwa ngezititshi okanye nge-staples.
Le nkqubo yonke ingathabatha iiyure ezi-3 nangaphezulu.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Nje ukuba utyando lugqityiwe, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi lokuchacha. Iqela lezonyango liza kukunyamekela kakuhle de ubuyele engqondweni kwaye imeko yakho izinze.
- Ukulawula iintlungu: Xa uziva iintlungu, unikwa amayeza afunekayo.
- Ukutya: Kunikwa ukutya okumanzi kuphela ngosuku lokuqala okanye ezimbini. Emva koko kancinci kancinci wandise ukutya okuqhelekileyo.
- Ukuhamba: Uza kukhuthazwa ukuba uhambe kancinci ukususela ngosuku olulandela utyando. Ukuhamba kuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kwaye kunceda amanxeba aphole ngokukhawuleza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela iingxaki ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni kunye ne-pneumonia.
- Ukubuyela ekhaya: Nje ukuba iqela lezonyango ligqibe kwelokuba uphilile, uza kuvunyelwa ukuba ubuyele ekhaya. Ekubeni ungasayi kukwazi ukuqhuba imoto, cela ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo ukuba eze nawe. Kubalulekile ukuba nomntu oza kukunyamekela kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya.
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umntu aphile? Kwaye ingaba kunokwenzeka ukuba aphinde abuyele kwimeko yakhe?
Ixesha elithathayo ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo lixhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo. Nangona utyando oluvulekileyo luthatha malunga neeveki ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12, ukuphinda uphile emva kotyando lwe-laparoscopic kukhawuleza kakhulu. Kusenokufuneka uphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo kunye nemisebenzi enzima okwethutyana.
Ngokwesiqhelo ungabuyela emsebenzini emva kweeveki ezi-4. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unomsebenzi onzima ngokwasemzimbeni, unokufuna ukuphumla ixesha elide. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ufumane ingcebiso.
Ukuba utyando lomhlaza wezintso, kunqabile ukuba umhlaza ubuye kwenye indawo yomzimba okanye kufutshane nendawo yotyando. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba notyelelo lokulandelela rhoqo emva kotyando.
Ufika nini kugqirha
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe amanxeba akho kwaye kususwe imithungo. Ukuba utyando lomhlaza, kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo olufana ne -CT scans , uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo rhoqo ukuze kuhlolwe ukuba uphinda ubuye na.
Kwakhona, ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| Ukopha kakhulu enxebeni | Ukuba kukho ukopha okuqhubekayo ngenxa yamanxeba. |
| Iimpawu zosulelo | Inxeba lidumbile, libomvu, likhupha ulwelo olufana nobovu olunuka kakubi, okanye linomkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwama-37.8 Celsius (100 Fahrenheit). |
| Igazi kumchamo (iHematuria) | Ukuba unegazi kumchamo wakho. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu | Intlungu ebuhlungu ejikeleze inxeba okanye esiswini engenakulawulwa nokuba ngamayeza. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando olukhulu olususa ngokupheleleyo intso enye. Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kumhlaza wezintso.
- Ukuba usele nentso enye ephilileyo, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobupheleleyo ngayo. Intso eseleyo iya komelela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ngaphambi kotyando, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo kunye nazo naziphi na izinto ezibangela ukuba umzimba wakho ungabi namdla.
- Ukuchacha emva kotyando lwe-laparoscopic kunye ne-robotic kukhawuleza.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo emva kotyando, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukopha kakhulu, okanye ubomvu obuvela enxebeni, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunye nokuya kuhlolo lwezonyango olucwangcisiweyo emva kotyando kubalulekile kwimpilo-ntle yakho yexesha elide.
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