Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubusenza umsebenzi wakho wesiqhelo uze ngequbuliso, ngaphandle kwesilumkiso, ube nentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu owakha wayiva. Yayiyeyona ntlungu ibuhlungu ebomini bakho. Intlungu yayiza kufikelela esiphelweni sayo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Kwizonyango, le ntloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso siyibiza ngokuba yi "Thunderclap Headache." Le ayisiyo ntloko nje kuphela. Esi sisilumkiso esinzulu esisinikwa ngumzimba wethu. I-RCVS yenye yeemeko ezinjalo ezinika isilumkiso esinjalo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-RCVS?
Igama elipheleleyo le-RCVS yiReversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome . Eli gama lisenokubonakala lide kwaye liyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa masiligcine lilula.
- I-Reversible: ithetha "ingaguqulwa." Oku kuthetha ukuba imeko ayihlali ihleli kwaye inokunyangeka ngonyango olufanelekileyo .
- I-Cerebral: ithetha "ephathelele ingqondo."
- I-Vasoconstriction: ithetha "ukucutheka okanye ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi."
Ngamafutshane, i-RCVS yimeko apho imithambo yegazi engqondweni iqina ngequbuliso, ixinene, kwaye ivaleke . Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokuguqulwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
Khawucinge ngombhobho wamanzi. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba sicinezela inxalenye enye yombhobho? Iyawathintela amanzi ukuba aphume, akunjalo? Kwenzeka into efanayo kwimithambo yegazi engqondweni yethu. Xa le mithambo yegazi iqina ngequbuliso (siyibiza ngokuba yi-"vasospasm"), ingqondo ayifumani igazi elifunekayo. Yiyo loo nto sifumana iintloko ezibuhlungu ezivakala ngathi zibetha umbane. Le meko ngamanye amaxesha inokubonisa iimpawu ezinje nge -migraines, i-stroke, okanye ukopha ebuchotsheni .
Kubaluleke kakhulu: "Intloko ebuhlungu yeThunderclap", eqala ngequbuliso, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu evakala ngathi yeyona ntloko ibuhlungu kakhulu owakha wayiva, yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango . Oku kungaba luphawu lokopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unesifo esinjalo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo elikufutshane (ETU) ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Zithini iimpawu ze-RCVS?
Kwi-RCVS, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kuyaphazamiseka, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Uphawu oluphambili yintloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, kodwa kukho nezinye iimpawu.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Intloko ebuhlungu "yeThunderclap" | Intloko ebuhlungu eqala ngequbuliso, ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwimizuzwana embalwa, kwaye inokuphinda ivele kwiveki okanye ezine. |
| Ukwanda kovakalelo | Ukunganyamezelani nokukhanya okuqaqambileyo (`(Photophobia)`) kunye nengxolo enkulu (`(Phonophobia)`). |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza, utshintsho lombono (umbono ofipheleyo, umbono ophindwe kabini), ubuthathaka bemisipha kwindawo ethile yomzimba, ukudideka. |
| Iimpawu ezinzulu | Ukuxhuzula, ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye (`(Aphasia)`). |
Kwezinye iimeko, i-RCVS inokubangela ukopha phakathi kwengqondo kunye nentloko. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - SAH)`. Le yingxamiseko enkulu yezonyango. Ukongeza kwiimpawu ezingasentla, i-SAH ingabonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukuqina kwentamo, iintlungu zemisipha entanyeni nasemagxeni.
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nemood (ukucaphuka ngaphandle kwesizathu).
- Ukungabi nangqondo kwinxalenye ethile yomzimba.
Ziziphi izinto ezibangela uphuhliso lwe-RCVS?
Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo we-RCVS ungekachongwa, kuye kwachongwa izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuba esi sifo sibe negalelo.
Ukukhulelwa kunye nokuzala
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo neyona ixhaphakileyo yomngcipheko we-RCVS kukukhulelwa. Umngcipheko uphezulu kwiiveki ezintandathu zokuqala emva kokubeleka (emva kokubeleka). Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba utshintsho lweehomoni ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokudlala indima. I-RCVS inokwenzeka nokuba akukho ngxaki ezifana ne-preeclampsia, imeko yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu eyenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile kunye neziyobisi
Amanye amayeza kunye namayeza achaphazela inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi andisa umngcipheko we-RCVS.
| Uhlobo lweyeza/lweziyobisi | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Amayeza okudakumba | Ingakumbi amayeza ohlobo lwe-SSRI (`(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)`). |
| Amayeza okunyanga iintloko ezibuhlungu | IiTriptan kunye namayeza aqulethe i-ergot. |
| Amayeza okuthintela amajoni omzimba | Amayeza anciphisa amajoni omzimba anikwa izifo ezithile. |
| Izinto ezivuselelayo kunye neziyobisi | Iziyobisi ezifana nee-amphetamines, i-cocaine, i-marijuana, ii-nicotine patches, iziselo zamandla, i-LSD, kunye ne-MDMA. |
Ezinye iimeko zempilo
Ezinye iimeko zonyango zikwanyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-RCVS.
- I-Migraine: Abantu abane-migraines banamathuba amaninzi okufumana ii-RCVS.
- Amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini (i-Hypercalcemia): Xa amanqanaba e-calcium egazini esanda, anokuphazamisana nokusebenza kwemithambo yegazi.
- Iingxaki zehomoni: Kurhanelwa ukuba i-estrogen yihomoni ebandakanyeka koku. Yiyo loo nto esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi.
- Izifo ezidluliselwa kwilifa: Izifo ezibangela iithumba ezivelisa i-adrenaline hormone engaphezulu, njenge-``Pheochromocytoma``.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-RCVS?
Ngaphambili, oogqirha babecinga ukuba i-RCVS yimeko engenabungozi, engenabungozi, kodwa uphando olutsha lubonise ukuba oku akusoloko kunjalo.
Malunga nama-30% ezigulane ze-RCVS zinokushiyeka zinokukhubazeka okuncinci okusisigxina (umzekelo, ubuthathaka bemisipha, iingxaki zokulinganisela xa uhamba). Malunga nama-8% anokuba neengxaki ezinzulu nezihlala ixesha elide.
Ukongeza, iingxaki ezinzulu ngakumbi zinokuvela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuvela kweempawu zokuqala.
- I-Ischemic Stroke: I-stroke ebangelwa kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni.
- Ukopha ebuchotsheni: Imeko efana ne-SAH.
- Isifo sokuwa (`(Ukuxhuzula)`).
Yingakho sisithi rhoqo ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba uva intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokuthintela uninzi lwezi ngxaki zinzima.
Ifunyaniswa njani i-RCVS?
Xa usiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (i-ETU), oogqirha balandela amanyathelo aliqela ukuze bafumanise esi simo.
1. Uvavanyo lwenkqubo yomzimba neyemithambo-luvo: Ukongeza ekubuzeni ngeempawu zakho, ukusebenza kwenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo (umz., intetho, umbono, ukulinganisela umzimba) kuya kuvavanywa.
2. Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukukhangela izinto ezifana neengxaki zokujiya kwegazi, usulelo, kunye nokungalingani kweetyuwa zomzimba.
3. Ii-Imaging Scans: Ezi scans zezona zibalulekileyo ekuxilongeni ii-RCVS. Ziyakwazi "ukujonga" ngaphakathi kwengqondo kwaye zichonge iindawo ezinengxaki.
Zeziphi iintlobo zeskeni ezenziwayo ezi?
- I-CT Scan (`(I-Computed Tomography - I-CT scan)`): I-scan ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(CT angiogram)` ingasetyenziselwa ukubona imeko yemithambo yegazi engqondweni. I-CT scan ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni ngokukhawuleza isifo sohlangothi, kuba umzuzwana ngamnye ubalulekile xa unyanga isifo sohlangothi.
- I-MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI scan): I-Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - MRA ingabonisa ngokucacileyo ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi (vasospasm) kunye nemiphumo ebangelwa yiyo engqondweni.
- I-Transcranial Doppler ultrasound: Oku kulinganisa isantya sokuhamba kwegazi engqondweni kwaye kunokunika umbono wokuba imithambo yegazi ivaliwe na.
Rhoqo, emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba isifo sohlangothi asinasifo, kufuneka i-MRI/MRA scan ukuqinisekisa i-RCVS.
Iphathwa njani i-RCVS?
Njengoko igama lisitsho ("Inokuguqulwa"), le yimeko enokunyangwa . Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili zonyango.
1. Ukususa unobangela: Ukuba unobangela wemeko ye-RCVS unokuchongwa ngokucacileyo (umz., amayeza athile), inyathelo lokuqala kukususa loo nobangela.
2. Ukulawula ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi: Kunikwa amayeza okulawula ukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi (`(vasospasm)`).
Uhlobo lwamayeza olusetyenziswa kakhulu koku zii -calcium channel blockers (`(Calcium Channel Blockers - CCBs)`).La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela i-calcium ukuba ingangeni kwiiseli zemisipha egudileyo eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi. Emva koko izihlunu ziyakhululeka, imithambo yegazi iyanda kwakhona, kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni kuyabuyiselwa.
Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, xa isifo singaphenduli kumayeza, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"endovascular" ingasetyenziswa. Kwimeko enjalo, ityhubhu encinci kakhulu ('catheter') idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi engalweni okanye emlenzeni iye kwimithambo yegazi esebuchotsheni, kwaye ibhaluni ivuthelwa ngayo ('angioplasty') ukuze kwandiswe imithambo yegazi evalekileyo okanye ukunika amayeza ngokuthe ngqo.
Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba i-RCVS yenziwe?
Ukuba une-RCVS, into yokuqala onokuthi uyifumane yintloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, ekhawulezileyo. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango kwaye ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Xa unyango luqalile, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa .
Uninzi lwabantu (malunga nama-80% - 85%) bayaphila ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweengxaki zexesha elide . Yiyo loo nto ilungileyo ngesi sifo. Malunga ne-10% basenokuba neengxaki ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngcipheko omncinci weengxaki ezinkulu, ezifana nestroke esixoxe ngayo ngaphambili, ngoko ke ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kubaluleke kakhulu.
Yintoni esifanele siyenze ukuze sithintele ii-RCVS ukuba zingabuyi?
Ukuba ukhe waba ne-RCVS, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba wenze utshintsho oluthile kwindlela ophila ngayo ukuze uthintele ukuba ingaphindi ivele.
- Ukuyeka amayeza abangele i-RCVS: Ukuba iyeza libangele le meko, yeka ukuyisebenzisa njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele kwaye uphephe ukulisebenzisa elo yeza kwixesha elizayo.
- Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha rhoqo: Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze uthintele ukuba iimpawu zingabuyeli.
- Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokungeyomfuneko: Ziphephe izinto ezivuselelayo, ingakumbi ezo zichaphazela inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, ezifana ne-marijuana.
- Lawula i-caffeine kunye neziselo ezinika amandla: Kububulumko ukunciphisa ubuninzi bezi zinto uziselayo okanye uyeke ukuzisela ngokupheleleyo.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukucela ukuba ubuye ekliniki ukuze ujonge imeko yakho. Qiniseka ukuba uyaya kuloo madinga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Intloko ebuhlungu eqala ngequbuliso ("Thunderclap Headache") yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- I-RCVS yimeko ebangelwa kukuxinana ngesiquphe kunye nokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi engqondweni. Kodwa njengoko igama lisitsho, yimeko eguqukayo ngokupheleleyo xa inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo .
- Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu emva kokubeleka, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile, okanye kunokwenzeka nakwezinye iimeko zonyango.
- Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinzima ezifana nesifo sohlangothi, kwaye abantu abaninzi bayachacha ngokupheleleyo.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nemeko yakho, unyango, kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo kwixesha elizayo.
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