Ngaba wakha waphuma waya kuhambahamba ehlathini, okanye wadlala nenja yakho okanye ikati, waza ngequbuliso waziva ugula waza waba nomkhuhlane ophezulu emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa? Kunye noko, ngaba unentloko ebuhlungu kunye neentlungu zomzimba? Ngokwesiqhelo, sicinga ukuba, 'Lo ngumkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane.' Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesikrokro sokuba ulunywe sisilwanyana esifana nekhakhayi, oku kusenokungabi yinto enokuthatyathwa lula. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo esidluliselwa ziikhakhayi ezinjalo, esinokubeka ubomi esichengeni ukuba asinyangwa ngokukhawuleza nangendlela efanelekileyo. Oko yiRocky Mountain Spotted Fever, okanye iRMSF ngamafutshane.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?
I-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Rickettsia rickettsii)`. Kanye njengokuba intsholongwane ye-dengue ingena emzimbeni wethu ngengcongconi, le ntsholongwane ye-`R. rickettsii` ingena emzimbeni wethu ngokulunywa yikhalane enesifo.
Eyona ngxaki inkulu ngale nto kukuba kwiintsuku zokuqala, iimpawu zifana kakhulu nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane. Abantu abaninzi abacingi ukuba oku kuyingozi ngenxa yezinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye neentlungu zomzimba. Kodwa ukuba unyango lulibaziseka, lunokuba yingozi kakhulu.
Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba oku kufana nesinye isifo esithwalwa ziincukuthu, njengesifo seLyme. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zifo zimbini zibangelwa ziintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zeebhaktheriya. Iimpawu nazo zahlukile. Ngoko ke, musa ukubhidanisa ezi zifo zimbini.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?
Enyanisweni, nabani na ochaphazeleka ziintakumba angasifumana esi sifo. Iintakumba zingaphila engceni ende, kwiindawo ezinemithi, nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya zethu zidlala ngaphandle. Esi sifo sibikwe kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba abanye abantu bafumana esi sifo, basengozini enkulu yokuba neempawu eziqatha. Masibone ukuba bangoobani.
| Udidi lomngcipheko | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Esi sifo sinokuba nzima kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-10 ubudala nakubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala. |
| Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka | Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka ngenxa yezinye iimeko zonyango (umz. umhlaza) okanye amayeza basengozini enkulu. |
| Abantu abanesifo se-G6PD | Le yimeko yemfuza. Abantu abanesifo "sokunqongophala kweGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)" nabo banamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene xa isifo singena emzimbeni?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba intakumba enesifo ikuluma. Amathe entakumba athwala intsholongwane ethi 'R. rickettsii' egazini lakho. Ukusuka apho, eyona nto iphambili yimithambo yegazi yethu.
Ngamafutshane, le bhaktiriya yonakalisa udonga lwemithambo yethu yegazi. Kanye njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi ufumana imingxunya emincinci, xa le bhaktiriya yonakalisa imithambo yethu yegazi, iqala ukuvuza igazi kunye nolwelo kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo. Yiyo le nto ibangela iimpawu. Oku kuvuza kungonakalisa izihlunu zethu, imithambo-luvo, kunye namalungu abalulekileyo afana nengqondo kunye nezintso.
Zithini iimpawu? Sizibona njani?
Iimpawu zingabonakala kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokulunywa ziimpukane. Ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziimpawu zokuqala kunye neempawu zamva eziphuhlayo njengoko isifo siqhubeka.
| Uphawu | Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu kwiintsuku zokuqala | |
| Umkhuhlane ophezulu | Umkhuhlane omkhulu ngequbuliso. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu | Intloko ebuhlungu ngathi iza kuqhuma. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza | Usenokungathandi ukutya, kwaye usenokuba neentlungu zesisu kunye nokuhlanza. |
| Intlungu yomzimba | Usenokuva iintlungu eziqatha, ingakumbi kwimisipha. |
| Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba | Emva kweentsuku ezi-3 emva kokuqala kwesi sifo, amabala amancinci abomvu anokubonakala eluswini. La mabala adla ngokuqala ezihlahleni nasemaqatheni ezandla neenyawo. Emva koko anokusasazeka emzimbeni wonke. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana irhashalala. |
| Iimpawu ezinzima ezinokwenzeka ngexesha lokwanda kwesi sifo | |
| Ukudideka kwengqondo | Ukudideka, ukuxhalaba, intetho engacacanga. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla nzima (dyspnea). |
| Ubuthuntu, ubuthathaka kwimilenze | Ukuziva ungenabomi kwiindawo zomzimba. |
| Ukuxhuzula | Imeko efana nokufaneleka. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungalindi ukuba kuvele irhashalala. Abanye abantu abafumani irhashalala, okanye isenokufika emva kwexesha. Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nentloko ebuhlungu, kwaye ukrokrela ukuba ulunywe ziintakumba, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha, into yokuqala ayenzayo kukubuza imibuzo.
- Zithini iimpawu zakho kwaye unexesha elingakanani unazo?
- Ngaba ukhe wahamba ehlathini kutshanje, kwindawo enengca ende?
- Ngaba zikhona izilwanyana zasekhaya ekhaya?
- Ngaba ukhe wayibona intakumba ijinga emzimbeni wakho?
Ngokusekelwe kwiimpendulo zakho kule mibuzo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zibonisa ukuba oku kusenokuba yi-RMSF, unyango lunokuqaliswa.
Kukho uvavanyo lwegazi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa i-biopsy yesikhumba ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zezi mvavanyo zingathatha iintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-10 ukuba zibuye. Ngenxa yokuba isifo sibi kakhulu, ugqirha wakho akayi kulinda iziphumo. Ukuba iimpawu zakho kunye nolwazi olunikayo lubonisa ukuba une-RMSF, unyango luya kuqala ngoko nangoko.
Zithini iindlela zonyango? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Unyango olungcono nolucetyiswayo kuphela lwe-RMSF zii -antibiotics . I-antibiotic esetyenziselwa oku ngokukodwa yi-`( Doxycycline (
- Kubalulekile ukuqala kwangethuba: Unyango lusebenza kakuhle xa luqalwe kwiintsuku ezi-5 zokuqala emva kweempawu.
- Igqityiwe: Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka usele eli yeza kangangeentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-10. Nokuba uzive ungcono kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu, kufuneka ulisele eli yeza kangangeentsuku ezipheleleyo ezichazwe ngugqirha. Kungenjalo, isifo sinokubuya.
- Amatyala aqatha: Ukuba isifo sinzima, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye unyangwe. Kusenokufuneka ufumane amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngemithambo kunye nolunye unyango (njengokuphefumla ngomatshini).
Ukuba uqala unyango ngokufanelekileyo , uza kuqala ukuziva ungcono kwiiyure ezingama-48.
Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo?
Akukho gonyo lesi sifo, ngoko ke eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphepha ukulunywa ziintakumba. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukuthintela oku.
- Gcina igadi yakho kunye negadi yakho icocekile: Ingca ende kunye nezihlahla ziindawo ezilungileyo zokuhlala iintakumba. Ngoko ke gcina ingca yakho icocekile kwaye icocekile.
- Hlala ukhuselekile xa usiya ehlathini: Ukuba uza kuhamba ehlathini okanye ehlathini, nxiba impahla egquma umzimba wakho kangangoko unako. Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde, iihempe ezinemikhono emide, izihlangu kunye neekawusi. Kungcono nangakumbi ukuba ungazifaka iibhulukhwe zakho kwiikawusi zakho.
- Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane: Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane ezifana neentakumba. Ezo zine-DEET zezona zilungileyo. Kukwakho nezitshizi ezikhethekileyo onokuzisebenzisa empahleni.
- Jonga umzimba wakho emva kokuba uphumile ngaphandle: Emva kokuba ubuyile ekhaya uvela ngaphandle, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinengca, jonga umzimba wakho wonke ukuba awunazo na iintakumba. Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiindawo ezifana namakhwapha akho, imisipha yangaphakathi, intloko, ngasemva kweendlebe zakho, kunye neqhosha lesisu.
- Khusela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya: Khusela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya, ezifana nezinja neekati, kwiintakumba. Nxibelelana nogqirha wezilwanyana kwaye usebenzise amayeza afunekayo kunye neebhanti ngokufanelekileyo. Jonga imizimba yazo emva kokuba izikhuphe.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Ndifanele ndiye kwi-ETU?
Le yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu, kuba isenzo esifike ngexesha sinokusindisa ubomi.
| Imeko | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Ndicinga ukuba ndilunywe yintakumba, kwaye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ndibe neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye neentlungu zomzimba. | Bona ugqirha wosapho lwakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulibazisa. |
| Ndilunywe yintakumba, kodwa akukho zimpawu. | Akukho mfuneko yokubona ugqirha ngeli xesha. Ukusela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngaphandle kweempawu akuyi kunceda. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba iimpawu ziyavela na kwiiveki ezimbini ezizayo. |
| Ukuba unezi mpawu zinzima, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. | |
| |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) lusulelo lwebhaktheriya oludluliselwa ziintakumba olunokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba alunyangwa ngokukhawuleza.
- Musa ukukhohliswa kukuba iimpawu zokuqala (umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zomzimba) zifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wentsholongwane.
- Musa ukulinda ukuba kuvele irhashalala elukhumbeni. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nayo irhashalala.
- Ukuba ezi mpawu zingasentla zibonakala emva kokuba ukhe wadibana nendawo ezele ziintakumba, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Esi sifo sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba unyango luqalwe kwangethuba.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha esi sifo kukuzikhusela kwiintakumba.
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