Ngaba ukhe weva ngeBlack Death kwimbali? Ungamangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba esi sifo sikhulu esagungqisa ihlabathi kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo sisaxelwa ngamanye amaxesha. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-plague kwizonyango namhlanje. Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama. Ngokungafaniyo nexesha elidlulileyo, namhlanje esi sifo sinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba sichongiwe kwaye sinyangwa kwangethuba. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokucacileyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye iPlague?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sobhubhani sisifo esosulelayo esichaphazela abantu nezilwanyana. Sibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Yersinia pestis'. Esi sifo sisasazeka kakhulu ziintakumba. Khawucinge nje, xa intakumba iluma isilwanyana esinesifo njengempuku okanye i -squirrel, le ntsholongwane ingena emzimbeni wentakumba. Emva koko, xa loo ntakumba isiza isiluma, loo ntsholongwane ingena emizimbeni yethu size sifumane esi sifo. Kwakhona, ukuba sidibana nezilwanyana ezinesifo okanye abantu abagulayo, esi sifo sinokudluliselwa ngokuthe ngqo.
Ngethamsanqa, siyazi okungakumbi ngezi zifo zosulelo kunookhokho bethu. Ngenxa yoko, esi sifo ngoku asiqhelekanga kakhulu. Zimbalwa kuphela iimeko ezixelwayo kwihlabathi liphela minyaka le. Nangona kunjalo, sisathathwa njengesifo esiyingozi kakhulu .
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zesibetho?
Isifo sePhopho sahlulwe kakhulu saba ziintlobo ezintathu. Ngayinye yazo yahlukile kwenye. Masiyiqonde ngokucacileyo le theyibhile.
| Uhlobo lwesifo | Indlela kunye nohlobo lothumelo |
|---|---|
| Isifo seBubonic | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Ludla ngokusasazeka ngokulunywa yintakumba enesifo. Kwiintsuku ezi-2-8, iintsholongwane ziyaqokelelana zize zibangele ukuba ii-lymph nodes zidumbe. La maqhuqhuva avuvukileyo nabuhlungu abizwa ngokuba yi-"buboes." |
| Ubhubhani Weentsholongwane | Oku kunokubangelwa kukulunywa ziintakumba okanye ukudibana nesilwanyana esinesifo. Ukuba isifo se-bubonic asinyangwa, iintsholongwane zingangena egazini zize zibangele esi sifo. |
| Isifo sePneumonic | Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu noluyingozi . Kuba lolona kuphela olunokusasazeka ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Lusasazeka ngokuphefumla amathontsi emoyeni xa umntu onentsholongwane ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Luba nzima kakhulu ngokukhawuleza (kwiintsuku ezi-1-3). |
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Iimpawu zesifo esibulalayo ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kosuku olu-1 ukuya kolu-8 emva kokosuleleka. Uninzi lwabantu luqala ngokufumana iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokudinwa kakhulu, umkhuhlane ngequbuliso, ukubanda, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu . Kamva, iimpawu ezithile ziyavela ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo.
Iimpawu zeSifo seBubonic
Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Uphawu oluphambili ngamaqhuma avuvukileyo abizwa ngokuba yi "buboes." La ngamaqhuma abuhlungu kakhulu adla ngokuvela emakhwapheni, emathunjini, okanye entanyeni. Ukuba anganyangwa, intsholongwane ingasasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
Iimpawu zeSepticemic Plague
Oku kuyingozi ngaphezu kwesifo se-bubonic plague. Apha, iintsholongwane zingena ngqo egazini. Iimpawu ziquka:
- Ukopha emlonyeni, empumlweni, okanye endle, kunye nokopha phantsi kolusu.
- Ulusu luba mnyama, ingakumbi kufutshane nempumlo kunye neminwe.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu , urhudo , ukuhlanza , kunye nokothuka.
Iimpawu zePneumonic Plague
Olu lolona hlobo lunqabileyo nolubulalayo. Ukuba alunyangwa, ukufa kuyaqinisekiswa.
- Iintlungu zesifuba.
- Ukukhohlela, ngamanye amaxesha kunye negazi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba ubukhe wahlala kwindawo apho iimpuku zixhaphake khona, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Iyure nganye ibalulekile kwesi sifo.
Isifo sichongwa kwaye sinyangwa njani?
Ukuba uneempawu zesifo esibulalayo kwaye uye waya kwindawo apho esi sifo sixeliweyo okanye usemngciphekweni, ugqirha wakho usenokucinga ukuba sikhona. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxilongiwe, uza kuthumela isampuli yegazi lakho okanye iqhekeza elincinci lezicubu ezivela kwi-lymph node evuvukileyo ukuya kwilebhu. Apho, baza kuvavanya ubukho bebhaktheriya ethi `Yersinia pestis`.
Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu kunyango.
Ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha wakho uza kukungenisa esibhedlele aze aqalise ukukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngoko nangoko. Amayeza adla ngokunikezelwa ngala:
- I-Ciprofloxacin
- I-Doxycycline ( i-Doxycycline )
- I-Gentamicin
- I-Levofloxacin
Olu nyango lusebenza kakhulu. Ngee-antibiotics, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini. Kodwa khumbula, ukuba alunyangwa, abantu abaninzi abanesifo sofuba baya kufa. Ngoko ke ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga neempawu zakho, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Singazikhusela njani kwesi sifo siyingozi?
Akukho gonyo lokulwa nesifo esibulalayo, ngoko ke eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthintela ukusasazeka kwaso. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezilula esinokuzenza ukuze senze loo nto.
- Gcina ikhaya lakho licocekile: Ukuba kukho imingxunya okanye iintanda ezivumela iimpuku kunye neesquirrel ukuba zingene ekhayeni lakho, zivale.
- Coca igadi: Coca uze ucoce iindawo apho izilwanyana zinokuzifihla khona, njengeengqumba zamagqabi, iinkuni, namatye.
- Sebenzisa isibulali-zinambuzane: Ukuba uhamba kwiindawo ezinamahlathi okanye uhamba ngeenyawo, faka isibulali-zinambuzane esine-DEET eluswini lwakho ukuze uzikhusele kwiintakumba.
- Zigcine kude nezilwanyana zasendle: Musa ukuzichukumisa izilwanyana zasendle eziphilayo okanye ezifileyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, nxiba iiglavu.
- Khathalela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya: Nika inja okanye ikati yakho unyango olufunekayo lweentakumba ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Musa ukuvumela izilwanyana zasekhaya ezizulazula ngaphandle zilale ebhedini yakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sePlague sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu esibangelwa ziintsholongwane, kodwa sinokunyangwa ngonyango olukhawulezileyo .
- Isasazeka kakhulu ziintakumba ezivela kwizilwanyana ezinesi sifo, ezifana neempuku, abantu abalumayo.
- Iimpawu eziphambili ngumkhuhlane okhawulezileyo, ukubanda, kunye nokudumba okubuhlungu (ii-buboes) emakhwapheni, emqolo, okanye entanyeni.
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba ubukhe wahlala kwindawo apho kukho izilwanyana ezifana neempuku, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa..
- Ungazikhusela kwesi sifo ngokugcina indawo okuyo icocekile, uhlale kude nezilwanyana zasendle, kwaye ukhathalele impilo yezilwanyana zasekhaya.
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