Ngaba ukhe weva 'ngoKufa Okumnyama' kwiincwadi zembali? Ungamangaliswa kukwazi ukuba olu bhubhane lukhulu, olwalusoyikisa ihlabathi liphela, lusaqhubeka nanamhlanje. Kwizonyango zanamhlanje, esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yisifo esibulalayo. Musa ukuvumela igama likoyikise; ngokungafaniyo nangaphambili, ukuba lifunyenwe kwaye linyangwa kwangethuba, liyanyangeka ngokupheleleyo. Makhe sixoxe ngayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngokucacileyo.
Yintoni iSibetho, Ngokwenene?
Ngamafutshane, esi sifo sisifo esosulelayo esichaphazela abantu nezilwanyana, esibangelwa yintsholongwane iYersinia pestis . Sisasazeka kakhulu ziintakumba. Cinga ngale ndlela: xa intakumba iluma isilwanyana esinesifo njengempuku okanye i -squirrel, intsholongwane ingena kwintakumba. Nje ukuba loo ntakumba ikulume, intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni wakho, kwaye ufumana isifo. Ukongeza, isifo sinokusasazeka ngokudibana ngqo nezilwanyana ezinesifo okanye abantu abagulayo.
Ngethamsanqa, sinolwazi olungcono kakhulu ngezifo ezosulelayo kunookhokho bethu, nto leyo eyenza esi sifo sinqabile namhlanje. Zimbalwa kuphela iingxelo zamatyala ezixelwa kwihlabathi liphela minyaka le. Nangona kunjalo, sisathathwa njengesimo esibi kakhulu .
Ziziphi Iintlobo Eziphambili Zesifo Esibulalayo?
Esi sifo sahlulwe saba ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili, nganye ineempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ikunceda ukuhlalutya oku.
| Uhlobo lweSibetho | Ukudluliselwa kunye neNdalo |
|---|---|
| Isifo seBubonic | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo, oludla ngokudluliselwa kukulunywa yintakumba enesifo. Kwiintsuku ezi-2-8, iintsholongwane ziyanda kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zidumbe. Ezi ndawo ze-lymph nodes zibuhlungu nezidumbileyo zibizwa ngokuba yi-"buboes". |
| Ubhubhani Weentsholongwane | Oku kungenziwa kukulunywa ziintakumba okanye ukuphatha isilwanyana esinesifo. Ukuba asinyangwa, isifo se-Bubonic singadlulela kweli nqanaba njengoko iintsholongwane zingena egazini. |
| Isifo sePneumonic | Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu noluyingozi kuba lolona hlobo kuphela olunokusasazeka ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Ludluliselwa ngokuphefumla amathontsi asulelayo avela ekukhwehleleni okanye ekuthini umntu. Lukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu (kwiintsuku ezi-1-3). |
Zithini Iimpawu?
Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala emva kweentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kokuba umntu echaphazelekile. Uninzi lwabantu luqala ukuba neempawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokudinwa kakhulu, umkhuhlane okhawulezileyo, ukubanda, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu . Iimpawu ezithile ziyalandela ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwazo.
Iimpawu zeSifo seBubonic
Uphawu oluphawulekayo kukubonakala kwee- "buboes" - ii-lymph nodes ezibuhlungu nezidumbileyo ezihlala zifumaneka emakhwapheni, emqolo, okanye entanyeni. Ngaphandle konyango, intsholongwane inokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
Iimpawu zeSepticemic Plague
Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kunesifo se-Bubonic njengoko iintsholongwane zingena ngqo egazini. Iimpawu ziquka:
- Ukopha emlonyeni, empumlweni, okanye emqolo, kunye nokopha phantsi kolusu .
- Ukumnyama kwezicubu, ngakumbi kwiminwe, iinzwane, okanye impumlo.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esiswini , urhudo , ukuhlanza , kunye nokothuka.
Iimpawu zePneumonic Plague
Olu lolona hlobo lunqabileyo nolubulalayo. Ngaphandle konyango, luyabulala.
- Iintlungu zesifuba.
- Ukukhohlela, ngamanye amaxesha kunye negazi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu—ingakumbi ukuba ubukhe wahlala kwindawo apho iimpuku zixhaphake khona —funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza kwicandelo lakho lezonyango . Kwimeko yesifo esibulalayo, iyure nganye ibalulekile.
Uxilongo kunye noNyango
Ukuba uneempawu kwaye ubukwindawo apho isifo saziwa khona okanye apho kunokwenzeka ukuba sibe sesi sifo, ugqirha wakho uya kuqwalasela olu xilongo. Ukuqinisekisa, baya kuyalela uvavanyo lwelabhoratri kwiisampuli zegazi okanye ulwelo oluthathwe kwi-lymph node evuvukileyo ukuze bajonge iYersinia pestis .
Ixesha elifanelekileyo lonyango libalulekile.
Ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha wakho uza kukufaka esibhedlele aze aqalise unyango lokubulala iintsholongwane ngoko nangoko. Amayeza aqhelekileyo aquka:
- I-Ciprofloxacin
- I-Doxycycline
- I-Gentamicin
- I-Levofloxacin
Olu nyango lusebenza kakhulu, kwaye ngee-antibiotics, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba ngaphandle konyango, esi sifo siyabulala uninzi lwabantu. Ukuba unesikrokro seempawu, yiya kwigumbi longxamiseko ngokukhawuleza.
Indlela Yokuzikhusela
Akukho gonyo lifumanekayo ngokubanzi lesi sifo, ngoko ke ukuthintela kubalulekile. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezilula zokuhlala ukhuselekile:
- Gcina ikhaya lakho licocekile: Vala nayiphi na imingxunya okanye imifantu enokuvumela iimpuku ukuba zingene ekhayeni lakho.
- Coca indawo ekungqongileyo: Gcina igadi yakho icocekile ngokususa iimfumba zeenkuni, iinkuni, okanye amatye apho izilwanyana zinokuzifihla khona.
- Sebenzisa isixovuli sezinambuzane: Ukuba uhamba ngeenyawo okanye utyelela iindawo zasemaphandleni, sebenzisa isixovuli sezinambuzane esine-DEET eluswini lwakho ukuze ukhusele iintakumba.
- Ziphephe izilwanyana zasendle: Musa ukuzichukumisa izilwanyana zasendle eziphilayo okanye ezifileyo. Ukuba kufuneka uziphathe, soloko unxibe iiglavu.
- Ukunyamekela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya: Qinisekisa ukuba izinja zakho kunye neekati zakho zikwindlela efanelekileyo yokuthintela iintakumba.
- Musa ukuvumela izilwanyana zasekhaya ezizulazula ngaphandle ukuba zilale ebhedini yakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Esi sifo sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu esibangelwa yintsholongwane esinyangekayo ngonyango olukhawulezileyo .
- Isasazeka kakhulu kukulunywa ziintakumba ezihlala kwizilwanyana ezinesi sifo ezifana neempuku.
- Iimpawu zihlala ziquka umkhuhlane okhawulezileyo, ukubanda, kunye nee-lymph nodes ezibuhlungu nezidumbileyo (ii-buboes).
- Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, ingakumbi emva kokutyelela iindawo apho iimpuku zixhaphake khona, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko .
- Ukugcina indawo ecocekileyo, ukuphepha ukudibana nezilwanyana zasendle, kunye nokunyamekela izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya kunokunceda ekuthinteleni usulelo.
Ubhubhani, Ukufa Okumnyama, Isifo Esisulelayo, IYersinia pestis, Ubhubhani WeBubonic
