"Gqirha, umyeni wam uzisa amaqanda aze awafake onke efrijini. Kodwa umama uthi akulunganga ukubeka amaqanda efrijini, kufuneka agcinwe ngaphandle. Ngubani ochanekileyo, gqirha?"
Ngolunye usuku, uNksk. Alwis, owayeze kwikliniki yam, wandibuza ngenxa yomdla. Ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo, wokuba ngaba bafanele bagcine amaqanda efrijini okanye hayi.
Abanye bathi amaqanda afanele agcinwe efrijini. Abanye bathi angasetyenziswa kangangenyanga ngaphandle kwengxaki nokuba ashiywe ngaphandle.
Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngento ethethwa yisayensi yezonyango kunye nezikhokelo zokhuseleko lokutya ezamkelweyo kwihlabathi liphela ngale nto.
Kutheni iindlela zokubeka amaqanda zahlukile ngokuxhomekeke kula mazwe?
Usenokuba ukhe wabona kwiTV okanye kwi-intanethi ukuba kumazwe anjengeMelika, amaqanda agcinwa efrijini kwiivenkile ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe anjengeSri Lanka neNgilane, amaqanda agcinwa eshelufini. Kutheni kukho lo mahluko?
E-United States, amaqanda ahlanjwa ngeesepha ezikhethekileyo kunye nezibulali-ntsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba athengiswe. Oku kususa ngokupheleleyo umaleko wendalo okhuselayo (i-cuticle) kumphezulu weqokobhe leqanda. Ke ngoko, kufuneka agcinwe efrijini kuba umngcipheko weentsholongwane ungene emaqandeni uphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, eSri Lanka, eBritane nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, amaqanda awahlanjwa ngaphambi kokuba athengiswe. Ngenxa yoko, ifilimu yendalo yokukhusela ephezu kweqokobhe leqanda ihlala injalo. Oku kuthintela ukungena kweentsholongwane ngaphandle, ukuze zigcinwe ngaphandle kubushushu obuqhelekileyo begumbi.
Yeyiphi indlela yezonyango engcono kakhulu?
Ngokutsho kwe-UK's Food Standards Agency (FSA) kunye neengcali zempilo, eyona ndlela ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo yokugcina amaqanda ekhaya kukuwabeka efrijini .
Eyona sizathu siphambili soku kukuthintela ukosuleleka yiSalmonella, intsholongwane efumaneka kakhulu kumaqanda.
I-Salmonella yintsholongwane ebangela urhudo olunzima, ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane, kunye nokuqaqamba kwesisu, kwaye inokukhokelela ekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni nasekufeni. Ukugcina amaqanda kubushushu obungaguqukiyo obungaphantsi kwama-20 degrees Celsius kunokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukukhula kwentsholongwane ye-Salmonella.
Eyona mpazamo inkulu onokuyenza xa ugcina amaqanda efrijini
Ukuba unamaqanda efrijini, kukho umthetho omnye obalulekileyo ekufuneka uwukhumbule: Nje ukuba amaqanda afakwe efrijini, akufuneki ashiywe ngaphandle ixesha elide.
Xa iqanda elibandayo elivela efrijini libuyiselwa kubushushu begumbi, umswakama uvela phezu kweqokobhe leqanda. La mathontsi avumela iintsholongwane zeSalmonella ezivela ngaphandle kweqanda ukuba zingene lula eqandeni ngeembobo ezincinci kwiqokobhe leqanda kwaye zikhule ngokukhawuleza.
Kwakhona, akucetyiswa ukugcina amaqanda kwitreyi yamaqanda emnyango wefriji. Oku kungenxa yokuba ubushushu obujikeleze ucango buyatshintsha rhoqo xa sivula ifriji. Oku kutshintshatshintsha kobushushu kubangela ukuba amaqanda abole ngokukhawuleza.
Indlela yokugcina amaqanda ngokuchanekileyo?
Landela la macebiso ukuze ugcine umgangatho nokhuseleko lwamaqanda:
- Gcina kunye nephakheji yokuqala: Beka ibhokisi yekhadibhodi okanye iphakheji apho amaqanda athengwe khona, kwishelufu ephakathi yefriji. Oku kuya kunceda ukugcina ubushushu obufanayo kwaye kuthintele amaqanda ekufumaneni ivumba elivela kwezinye ukutya.
- Musa ukuwahlamba amaqanda: Musa ukuwahlamba amaqanda ngaphambi kokuba uwafake efrijini. Ukuwahlamba kunokususa ulwelo lwawo lwendalo olukhuselayo kwaye kuvumele iintsholongwane ukuba zingene. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sula umphezulu kuphela ngaphambi kokuba upheke.
- Lahla amaqanda aqhekekileyo: Kuphephe ukutya iqanda ukuba iqokobhe lineqheke okanye liqhekekile.
Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe nezo kufuneka zingayenzi
| ✔️ Izinto onokuzenza (Zenze) | ❌ Izinto ongazifuniyo |
|---|---|
| Gcina amaqanda kwiphakheji efanayo naleyo athengwe ngayo, kwishelufu ephakathi yefriji. | Musa ukugcina amaqanda emnyango wefriji, apho ubushushu butshintsha rhoqo. |
| Emva kokuphatha amaqanda, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha. | Musa ukuhlamba amaqanda ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba uwafake efrijini. |
| Bilisa amaqanda kakuhle (de iqanda libe likhulu) uze utye. | Musa ukutya amaqanda aneegobolondo eziqhekekileyo okanye ezingcolileyo. |
| Xa uthenga amaqanda, jonga umhla wokuphelelwa kwawo (Ingcono Ngaphambi). | Nje ukuba amaqanda aqandiswe, musa ukuwashiya kubushushu begumbi kangangeeyure. |
❓ Eminye imibuzo onokuba nayo (FAQ)
Ugcina njani amaqanda ngaphandle kwefriji? ▼
Ukuba awunayo ifriji ekhaya, gcina amaqanda kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo ekhayeni lakho, kude nelanga elithe ngqo. Qiniseka ukuba uwatya kwisithuba seveki e-1-2 emva kokuthenga.
Ungayichonga njani iqanda elonakeleyo? ▼
Zama ukuphosa iqanda kwisitya samanzi. Ukuba iqanda lihleli ngokuthe tye ezantsi, litsha. Ukuba iqanda lidada phezu kwamanzi, liqanda elidala okanye elonakeleyo. Kwakhona, ukuba iqanda likhupha ivumba elibi xa uliqhekeza, lilahle ngoko nangoko.
Ngaba kukhuselekile ukutya amaqanda aphekiweyo kancinci? ▼
Ngenxa yokuba amaqanda angahlanjwanga, aluhlaza anokuba nebhaktiriya ye-salmonella, abantwana abancinci, abafazi abakhulelweyo, abantu abadala, kunye nabantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela ezibuthathaka kufuneka bapheke amaqanda ade aqine kakuhle. Kwanabo basempilweni, kukhuselekile ukutya amaqanda aphekiweyo kakuhle.
Yintoni ebangela ingozi efrijini ngamaqokobhe amaqanda okuhlamba? ▼
Xa kuhlamba amaqanda, iintsholongwane ezikwiqokobhe leqanda zinokungena kwiimbobo ezincinci ezikwiqokobhe kunye namanzi. Amanzi akwahlamba i-membrane yendalo yokukhusela iqanda, evumela iintsholongwane ukuba zingene.
Imithombo yesayensi (Iingxelo)
- 📚 I-Arhente yeMigangatho yokutya - Izikhokelo zokutya zasekhaya ze-GOV.UK
- 📚 Uphando malunga nokuqhambuka kweSalmonella spp. kwi-Eggs kwimbali yehlabathi - PubMed Central (PMC)
- 📚 Ukuthengwa, Ukugcinwa, kunye Neendlela Zokulungisa Amaqanda Neenkukhu Zabathengi Kumazwe Akhethiweyo aseAsia - I-PubMed Central (PMC)
Umyalezo obalulekileyo omele ugoduke nawo
- Ukuze ugcine ifilimu yokukhusela yendalo kwiqokobhe lamaqanda, kufuneka uphephe ngokupheleleyo ukuhlamba amaqanda ngaphambi kokuba uwabeke efrijini.
- Ukushiya amaqanda agcinwe efrijini ixesha elide kubushushu begumbi kunokubangela ukuba kubekho amaconsi amanzi phezu kwawo, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wokungena kweentsholongwane zeSalmonella.
- Eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yokugcina amaqanda ekhaya kukuwabeka kwiphakheji efanayo naleyo athengwe ngayo, kwishelufu ephakathi yefriji (kwindawo enobushushu obungaguqukiyo).
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