Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe uzive ngathi umntwana wakho mfutshane kunabanye abantwana abalingana naye? Mhlawumbi ukhathazekile kancinci ngale nto. Ixesha elininzi oku kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko kunokubakho isizathu sezonyango soku. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enjalo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'dwarfism' okanye, ngokwezonyango, `(Dwarfism)`.
Kalula nje, yintoni 'i-dwarfism'?
I-dwarfism ligama lezonyango. Ngokuchanekileyo, yimeko ekwicandelo elibanzi elibizwa ngokuba yi-Skeletal Dysplasia. Le yimeko echaphazela ukukhula kwamathambo ethu kunye ne-cartilage (izicubu ezithambileyo phakathi kwamathambo). Kukho amakhulu ezi meko. Ngenxa yoko, ubude bomntu bungaphantsi komndilili. Ngokomyinge, umntu onesi sifo ungaphantsi kweenyawo ezi-4 kunye nee-intshi ezili-10 (iimitha ezili-1.47) ubude xa emdala.
Abanye abantu bathanda ukusebenzisa amagama anje "abantu abancinci" ukuchaza abantu abanale meko. Kodwa ukusebenzisa amagama anje "abantu abancinci" akufanelekanga konke konke. Kunokubalimaza iimvakalelo zabo.
Olu 'dwarfism' lunokuvela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kwabanye abantu, luchaphazela ukukhula kweengalo nemilenze, kwabanye, luchaphazela ukukhula kwesisu okanye intloko.
Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili ezenzeka ngazo 'i-dwarfism'?
Nangona kukho amakhulu eentlobo ze-"Skeletal Dysplasia" ezichaphazela ukukhula kwamathambo, kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa eziphambili esizibona rhoqo. Masizijonge kule theyibhile.
| Uhlobo | Inkcazo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| I-Achondroplastic dwarfism | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Iimpawu eziphambili ziingalo nemilenze emifutshane kunye nebunzi eliphumayo. |
| I-Hypochondroplasia dwarfism | Olu luhlobo lokufinyezwa kwamalungu omzimba, kodwa alunazo iimpawu ezicacileyo. Ezi mpawu azibonakali kakuhle ebuntwaneni. |
| I-pituitary dwarfism | Ingxaki ebangelwa kukungabikho kwehomoni yokukhula emzimbeni. |
| Ubudwarha bokuqala | Oku kungenxa yokuba ubungakanani bomzimba buncinci nangaphambi kokuzalwa, oko kukuthi, ukususela ngexesha umntwana esesibelekweni sikanina. |
| I-Thanatophoric dysplasia | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga, kodwa imbi kakhulu. Amalungu aba mafutshane kakhulu, kwaye isifuba siba ncinci. Iintsana zinokufa phantse kwangoko emva kokuzalwa ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumla. |
Ingaba 'Isithomo Esifutshane' kunye 'noBuncinci' zizinto ezifanayo?
Le yinto edida abantu abaninzi. Ubude obufutshane ligama eliqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba umntu mfutshane kunokuba bekulindelwe ngokweminyaka yakhe, simbiza ngokuba 'mfutshane'. Kwimeko yomntwana, ukuba ubude bakhe bungaphantsi kwemilinganiselo yokukhula eqhelekileyo okanye ukuba mfutshane kunobude obulindelekileyo ngokusekelwe kubude babazali bakhe, usenokuba 'mfutshane'.
Nangona kunjalo, i-dwarfism yimeko ethile yezonyango ebangela ukuba umntu abe mfutshane. Ayingabo bonke abantu abafutshane abane-dwarfism.
Ngubani onokufumana le meko? Ingaba ixhaphakile?
Ubudwayi bunokuchaphazela nabani na. Iintlobo ezininzi zifuzo. Oko kukuthi, zinokuzuzwa kubazali. Ezinye iintlobo zibangelwa lutshintsho olungalindelekanga kwi-DNA. Amaxesha amaninzi, kodwa hayi rhoqo, abantwana abadwayi bazalwa ngabazali abanobude obuqhelekileyo. Ungamangaliswa kukuva oku, kodwa kuyinyani.
I-dwarfism yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Kwanohlobo oluqhelekileyo, i-achondroplasia, luchaphazela umntu omnye kuphela kwi-15,000 ukuya kwi-40,000.
Zithini iimpawu zomntu one-'dwarfism'?
Uphawu oluphambili nolucacileyo kukuba mfutshane. Umntu onesi sifo ungaphantsi kweenyawo ezi-4 kunye ne-intshi ezili-10 ubude xa emdala. Olu futshane lubonakala ngakumbi ebuntwaneni, ebusheni, nasebudaleni kunaxa emdala.
'Ubudwarha' bunokwahlulwahlulwa lube ziintlobo ezimbini.
1. Ukulingana: Kule nto, umzimba wonke uncitshiswa ngobukhulu ngomlinganiselo ofanayo.
2.Ayilingani: Kule nto, umzimba ungowobukhulu obuqhelekileyo, ngelixa iingalo nemilenze zimfutshane.
Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Imilenze egobileyo
- Ibhulorho yempumlo ethe tyaba
- Ukuba nentloko enkulu kuneqhelekileyo `(Intloko enkulu)`
- Ibunzi elibonakalayo
- Iingalo nemilenze emifutshane
- Iminwe emifutshane (izandla neenyawo)
- Iingalo nemilenze ebanzi
Ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangela ezi mpawu
Ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwamathambo ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki zempilo.
- Ukuqokelelwa kolwelo olujikeleze ingqondo (iHydrocephalus)
- Imithambo-luvo ecinezelweyo
- I-Scoliosis
- Usulelo lwendlebe oluqhelekileyo okanye iingxaki zokuva
- Intlungu emadolweni nasemaqatheni
- Ukuphelelwa ngamandla kokulala
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu 'zokungathethi kakuhle'?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela le meko. Kwiimeko ezininzi, lutshintsho kwi-DNA. Kwezinye iintlobo, imbangela echanekileyo ayaziwa.
| Unobangela | Ingcaciso Elula |
|---|---|
| Imvelaphi yosapho | Ukuba abazali kunye namanye amalungu osapho bafutshane, kusenokuba yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umntwana abe mfutshane. |
| Utshintsho lwemfuza | Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho olungalindelekanga kwi-DNA yomntu. |
| Ukungabikho kwehomoni yokukhula | Ingqondo ayivelisi ngokwaneleyo i-hormone efunekayo ekukhuleni kwamathambo. |
| I-bloomer efika emva kwexesha | Abanye abantwana bakhula emva kwexesha kunabanye, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukho imbali yosapho lwabo ngale nto. |
| Ukungondleki kakuhle | Ukungondleki kakuhle komntwana ukuze akhule kuyayichaphazela indlela akhula ngayo. |
| Ubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa (buncinci xa kuthelekiswa nobudala bokukhulelwa) | Uninzi lweentsana ezizalwa zinobunzima obuphantsi ziya kufikelela ekukhuleni okuqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emi-2-3 yokuqala, kodwa malunga ne-10% azifikeleli ekukhuleni okuqhelekileyo. |
Ingaba oku kuvela kwiijini? (Ingaba yiJini?)
Ewe, ezinye iintlobo ze-dwarfism ziyimfuza. Oko kukuthi, zibangelwa lutshintsho kwi-DNA. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, olu tshintsho lwemfuza luvela ngokungacwangciswanga. Oko kukuthi, abazali abanobude obuqhelekileyo banamathuba amaninzi okuba nabantwana abane-dwarfism kunabo banabazali abafutshane.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba omnye okanye bobabini abazali bane-dwarfism, umntwana unethuba elingcono lokuyifumana njengelifa. Umzekelo, umama okanye utata one-achondroplasia unethuba elingama-50% lokudlulisela esi sifo kumntwana wakhe. Ukuba bobabini abazali bane-achondroplasia, umntwana unethuba elingama-50% lokufumana i-achondroplasia. Kukwakho nethuba elingama-25% lokufumana imeko enzima kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-homozygous achondroplasia. Le meko inzima inokubangela ukuba umntwana afe esibelekweni okanye emva nje kokuzalwa.
Ukuba ukhulelwe umntwana kwaye ufuna ukwazi ukuba usemngciphekweni wolu hlobo lwesimo semfuza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga novavanyo lwemfuza.
Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani imeko 'ye-dwarfism'?
Kwezinye iimeko, le meko inokubonwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Uvavanyo lokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa lunokufumanisa iingxaki ekukhuleni komntwana.
Emva kokuba umntwana wakho ezelwe, xa usisa umntwana wakho ekliniki inyanga nenyanga, oogqirha kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo bosapho bajonga ukukhula komntwana. Balinganisa ubude bomntwana, ubunzima, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe baze bayiphawule kwitshathi yokukhula. Ukuba ukukhula komntwana wakho kungaphantsi kwenqanaba elilindelekileyo, kungaba luphawu lwale meko. Emva koko, benza izinto ezifana nee-X-ray kunye novavanyo lwegazi ukuze babone ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela ukuba umntwana angakwazi ukukhula.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Akukho nyango lwale meko okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango oluninzi olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu nokwenza ubomi bube lula. Unyango lumiselwa luhlobo lwe-dwarfism kunye neempawu umntu ngamnye anazo.
Unyango lotyando
- Ukuba amathambo akhula ngendlela engafanelekanga okanye anesimo esingaqhelekanga, anokulungiswa ngotyando .
- Ukuba kukho ulwelo olugqithisileyo olujikeleze ingqondo (i-hydrocephalus), lunokususwa ngotyando.
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwisiqu sobuchopho.
- Ukususwa kweetoni okanye ii-adenoids ukuze kube lula ukuphefumla.
- Ukufaka iityhubhu ezincinci endlebeni ukuthintela ukosuleleka endlebeni.
Unyango Olungelulo Utyando
- Ukuba une-sleep apnea , sebenzisa umatshini we-CPAP.
- Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokuva xa unengxaki yokuva.
- Ukufundisa umntwana ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga ukuze athintele ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu.
- Ukuba kukho ukungabikho kwehomoni yokukhula , faka inaliti yehomoni yokukhula (unyango lwehomoni).
- Kutshanje, iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-vosoritide (Voxzogo®) livunyiwe kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala abane-achondroplasia, abakukhula kwamathambo abo kungekayeki. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lubonise ukuba linokunyusa izinga lokukhula kwabantwana.
Olu nyango lunokufuneka ubomi bonke, kodwa lunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi babo.
Buza kuba njani ubomi xa umntwana 'enesithulu'?
Nangona kungekho nyango lwale meko, ukuba iimpawu zinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu luphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho uneengxaki zokukhula kwamathambo kwaye ufuna utyando rhoqo, kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kumntwana nakwintsapho. Ugqirha wakho uya kubonelela ngonyango olufunekayo kumntwana wakho aze amnike ulwalathiso aludingayo ukuze aphile ubomi obupheleleyo nobunempilo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba njengabazali, nifanele niphathe umntwana wenu ngokweminyaka yakhe, kungekhona ubude bakhe. Oku kuya kwakha ukuzithemba kwakhe kwaye kumenze azive ethandwa kwaye amkelekile.
Ngaba umngcipheko womntwana wokufumana le meko ungancitshiswa? Umntwana anganyanyekelwa njani?
Ezinye iintlobo ze-dwarfism zibangelwa yimfuza, ngoko ke akukho ndlela yokuzithintela. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwemfuza lunokukunceda uqonde umngcipheko wakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
Isondlo sibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni komntwana. Ukuba ukhulelwe, yitya ukutya okunesondlo. Emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, mnike ukutya okunesondlo okufana neeproteni, iziqhamo, iinkozo kunye nemifuno.
Ukongeza kunyango lwezonyango, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuxhasa umntwana wakho:
- Ukulungiselela imeko yasekhaya: Lungiselela imeko yasekhaya ukuze umntwana akwazi ukusebenza eyedwa. Umzekelo, ukuba nesihlalo sokunyathela okanye ukwehlisa iswitshi yokukhanyisa kancinci.
- Nika inkxaso yengqondo: Nika umntwana inkxaso yemfundo neyengqondo ukuze athintele kwaye akwazi ukumelana nokuxhatshazwa esikolweni.
- Nxibelelana nabantu abanamava afanayo: Nxibelelana nemibutho exhasa abantwana neentsapho ezineemeko ezifanayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-dwarfism yimeko yezonyango echaphazela ukukhula kwamathambo. Inokuba nezizathu ezininzi.
- Ixesha elininzi, oku kubangelwa lufuzo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngabazali abanobude obuqhelekileyo abanabantwana abanale meko.
- Nangona ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, iimpawu zinokunyangwa kwaye umntu angaphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobusempilweni.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko uze uthethe naye ngaloo nto.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphatha umntwana ngokweminyaka yakhe, kungekhona ubude bakhe. Oko kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakhe yengqondo.
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