Ngaba umntwana wakho uhlala eziva engonwabanga? Ngaba amalungu akhe ayabuhlungu? Ngaba ubuso bakhe ngamanye amaxesha bufumana amaqhuqhuva abomvu, afana nebhabhathane? Ukuba awunayo nje enye okanye ezimbini kwezi mpawu, kodwa zininzi zilandelelana, usenokuba nexhala. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enokubangela ukuba uninzi lwezi mpawu zibonakale kunye, kwaye inzima kancinci, kodwa inokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo . Yiyo loo nto i-lupus ebantwaneni.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-lupus kwaba bantwana?
I-Lupus sisifo esihlasela amajoni omzimba esinokuchaphazela abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka. Ngamafutshane, umsebenzi ophambili wenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela kukuzikhusela kumajoni angaphandle, njengeentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo. Kodwa umntu one-lupus unemeko embi kakhulu. Le nkqubo yokuzikhusela iyaphazama. Iqala ukubona iiseli zayo eziphilileyo kunye nezicubu "njengotshaba." Emva koko iqala ukuhlasela ezo seli ziphilileyo. Kufana nomkhosi wethu uhlasela abantu bethu endaweni yokuhlasela abahlaseli bangaphandle.
Xa esi sifo sifunyanwa singekafiki kwiminyaka eli-18, sisibiza ngokuba yi-"juvenile lupus." I-Lupus ebantwaneni inokuba yingozi ngakumbi kune-lupus kubantu abadala. Oku kuthetha ukuba:
- Isifo esisebenzayo ngakumbi: Ukudumba kunye neempawu ezinxulumene noko zinokubonakala ngakumbi.
- Umngcipheko okhulayo wokonakala kwamalungu angaphakathi: Amalungu abalulekileyo, ingakumbi izintso, intliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nengqondo, anokuchaphazeleka.
- Imfuneko yonyango olunamandla ngakumbi: Umthamo wamayeza unokufuneka unyuswe.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokusetyenziswa kwamayeza ixesha elide: Kufuneka uqaphele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zokusebenzisa amayeza, ingakumbi ii-steroids (ii-corticosteroids), ixesha elide.
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-lupus ebantwaneni yiSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) . Xa umntu esithi "lupus," badla ngokuthetha olu hlobo lwe-SLE. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Childhood-onset SLE' okanye i-'Juvenile-onset SLE'. Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala malunga neminyaka eli-12 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuqala kwangethuba okanye kamva. Akuqhelekanga ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 abe ne-lupus.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nangona esi sisifo esingapheliyo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo nolawulo, umntwana anganikwa ithuba lokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, ngaphandle koloyiko, masiyiqonde kakuhle le nto.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntwana une-lupus?
Enye yezinto ezikhethekileyo nge-lupus kukuba ayingomntwana wonke oneempawu ezifanayo. Abanye abantu baneempawu ezifanayo, ngelixa abanye beneempawu ezahluke ngokupheleleyo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bebiza oku ngokuthi "yiminwe ye-lupus" - oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye uneempawu zakhe ezizodwa.
Masizahlule ezi mpawu zibe ngamacandelo amabini.
Iimpawu umntwana wakho azivayo nawe uzibonayo
Ezi zizinto ozibonayo nozivayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla bomntwana wakho.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Urhawuzelelo lwebhabhathane | Kuvela irhashalala ebomvu ezidleleni zomntwana nasemlonyeni wakhe, njengebhabhathane elisasaza amaphiko alo. Olu luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-lupus. |
| Intlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu (iArthritis) | Amalungu afana neminwe, izihlathi, namadolo ayabuhlungu kwaye avuvuka. Oku kuqina kuya kuba kubi xa uvuka kusasa. |
| Ukudinwa | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kwaye ndicotha imini yonke, nokuba sele ndilele kakuhle. Ndiziva ndidiniwe nokuba sele ndenze umsebenzi omncinci. |
| Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ayingomkhuhlane, ngumkhuhlane nje. Lo mkhuhlane unokuhlala iintsuku ezininzi. |
| Ukulahleka Kweenwele | Ukulahleka kweenwele okuninzi kunokuqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukulahleka kweenwele kunokuba nzima kangangokuba intloko ibonakala kwezinye iindawo. |
| Izilonda zomlomo okanye zempumlo | Izilonda ezincinci ezingenabuhlungu emlonyeni okanye empumlweni. |
| Ukuhla ukusinda | Ngaphandle kokulawula ukutya, ubunzima bomzimba womntwana buya kuncipha aze abe mncinci. |
Ezi mpawu zinokuvela kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha, okanye zivele zonke ngaxeshanye. Khumbula, musa ukucinga ukuba umntwana wakho une-lupus kuba nje enenye yezi mpawu. Umzekelo, kunokubakho amawaka ezizathu zomkhuhlane. Ugqirha uya kurhanela i-lupus xa uninzi lwezi mpawu zivela kunye .
Iimpawu ezityhilwa kuvavanyo lwezonyango
Ezi zizinto ezinokufunyanwa ngovavanyo olwenziwe ngugqirha, ingakumbi uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo.
- Ukuncipha kwenani leeseli zegazi:
- Ukuncipha kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi (i-anemia)
- Inani eliphantsi leeplatelet (i-thrombocytopenia)
- Ukuncipha kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (i-leukopenia)
- Ii-Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA): Olu hlobo lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuba yi-'ANA' luhlala lubonwa egazini labantwana abane-lupus. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwe-ANA oluthi 'positive' aluthethi ukuba une-lupus. Abantu abaphilileyo ngamanye amaxesha banokuba 'positive'. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela ukuba ithetha ukuthini ingxelo.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-lupus?
Unyango olufanelekileyo lunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wezi ngxaki, kodwa abanye abantwana basenokufumana ezi meko.
- Ukonakala kwezintso (Lupus Nephritis): Le yeyona ngxaki inzima ebantwaneni. Inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlasela izintso, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba izintso zingaphumeleli. Umntwana usenokuba neempawu ezifana nokudumba kwemilenze kunye nomchamo onamagwebu ngenxa yeproteni emchameni.
- Iziphumo zemiphunga nentliziyo: Ukudumba kolwelo lwemiphunga (pleurisy) okanye ukudumba kwesingxobo esijikeleze intliziyo (pericarditis) kunokwenzeka. Zombini ezi meko zinokubangela iintlungu ezibukhali esifubeni .
- Iziphumo zenkqubo ye-nervous central: Ukuba ingqondo kunye nomgogodla ziyachaphazeleka, iimeko ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu, utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, kunye nokuxhuzula zinokwenzeka.
- Amahlwili egazi: Amahlwili egazi anokwenzakala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ingakumbi emilenzeni. Iimpawu ziquka intlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokubomvu emlenzeni ochaphazelekayo.
Kutheni abantwana befumana i-lupus?
Akukho sizathu sithile nesicacileyo sale nto okwangoku, kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ibangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo.
1. I-genetics: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho one-lupus okanye esinye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba, umntwana usenokuba nethuba elincinci lokufumana esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nezo gene akuthethi ukuba uza kuba ne-lupus.
2. Izinto Ezibangela Ingxaki Kwindalo: Umntwana onesifo semfuza usenokuba nesifo ngenxa yesifo sangaphandle. Ezi zinto ziquka:
- Usulelo lwentsholongwane
- Ukuchatshazelwa lilanga elinamandla (imisebe ye-UVA/UVB)
- Utshintsho kwi-hormone (ingakumbi ngexesha lokufikisa)
Ngamafutshane, ii-genes zifana nesibhamu esinomgubo wesibhamu. Kodwa ngaphandle komntu oza kutsala i-trigger (i-trigger), imbumbulu ayizukudubula. I-Lupus injalo.
Ugqirha uxilonga njani esi sifo?
Ukuchonga i-lupus yinkqubo enzima kuba akukho vavanyo lunye oluhambelana nayo. Ugqirha uza kudibanisa izinto ezininzi ukuze afumane isigulo.
- Ukuthetha nawe nomntwana wakho: Buza umntwana wakho ngokweenkcukacha ngeempawu zakhe, njengokuba ziqale nini kwaye sele zikho ixesha elingakanani.
- Ukwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba: Ukujonga izilonda zesikhumba, ukudumba kwamalungu, kunye nezilonda zomlomo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, olu vavanyo lujonga izinto ezininzi, njengovavanyo lwe-'ANA', inani leeseli zegazi, kunye nokusebenza kwezintso.
- Imbali yosapho: Buza ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho one-lupus okanye izifo ezifanayo.
Emva kokuqwalasela konke oku ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba unayo na i-lupus okanye akunjalo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-lupus?
Okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-lupus. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo olunokunceda ukulawula esi sifo kwaye luncede umntwana wakho aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango zezi:
- Ukunciphisa iimpawu zomntwana.
- Ukuthintela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ekonakaliseni amalungu omzimba.
- Ukugcina impilo yomzimba neyengqondo yomntwana ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
Iqela leengcali liyahlangana ukuze lenze isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe umntwana. Eli qela linokuquka ingcali yamathambo yabantwana , abahlengikazi, iingcali zonyango lomzimba, kunye neengcali zempilo yengqondo.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zamayeza asetyenziswayo:
- IiCorticosteroids: Umzekelo, iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Prednisone'. Ezi zilawula ngokukhawuleza ukudumba emzimbeni.
- I-Hydroxychloroquine:Nangona eli liyeza lemalariya, linceda kakhulu ekulawuleni ukudumba kwe-lupus.
- Amayeza okunciphisa umzimba: La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kakhulu kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Amayeza afana ne-`Azathioprine`, `Mycophenolate mofetil`, `Methotrexate` awela kolu didi.
- Iintlungu: Amayeza afana ne-'Ibuprofen' okanye i-'Naproxen' anokunikwa iintlungu zamalungu.
- I-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D: Ezi zinikwa ukuthintela i-osteoporosis, njengoko kukho umngcipheko wokuncitshiswa kwamathambo xa usebenzisa ii-steroids ixesha elide.
Kubalulekile: Kubalulekile ukunika umntwana wakho amayeza anikwe ngugqirha kanye njengoko eyalelwe, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nangedosi echanekileyo. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza okanye utshintshe idosi ngokwakho.
Masiqaphele nemiphumo emibi yonyango.
Njengazo zonke amayeza, amayeza e-lupus anokuba nemiphumo emibi. Ugqirha uhlala eyazi le nto kwaye wenza uvavanyo olufunekayo ngexesha lonyango.
- I-Prednisone (i-steroid): Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kunokubangela ukutyeba, amanqaku okunwebeka, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amathambo anciphileyo, ukudakumba, isifo seswekile, kunye ne-cataracts.
- I-Hydroxychloroquine: Ayifane ibangele umonakalo kwi-retina yeliso. Ke ngoko, bonke abantwana abasebenzisa eli yeza kufuneka bahlolwe amehlo abo rhoqo ngugqirha wamehlo.
- Ii-immunosuppressants: La mayeza anokunciphisa inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi aze abangele ukudumba kwesibindi. Akwanciphisa amajoni omzimba, onyusa umngcipheko wosulelo. Ke ngoko, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukujonga ezi zinto.
Njengomzali, ndingamnceda njani umntwana wam?
Igalelo lakho kolu hambo alinakuthelekiswa nanto. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze unyamekele umntwana wakho ngendlela efanelekileyo.
1. Zikhusele elangeni: Ukukhanya kwelanga yeyona nto ibangela i-lupus. Ngoko ke, faka i-sunscreen ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu eluswini lomntwana wakho yonke imihla. Oku kufanele kwenziwe nakwiimini ezinamafu. Nxiba umnqwazi kunye nempahla enemikhono emide xa uphuma ngaphandle. Nciphisa ukuvezwa lilanga elinamandla phakathi kwe-10:00 kusasa kunye ne-4:00 emva kwemini.
2. Mnike ubuthongo obaneleyo: Ukudinwa luphawu oluphambili lwe-lupus. Ngoko ke, dala indawo evumela umntwana wakho ukuba alale kakuhle.
3. Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane: Ekubeni umntwana esela amayeza athintela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, usenokuba sengozini yokufumana izifo. Mfundise ukuhlamba izandla zakhe ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Mgcine kude nabantu abagulayo.
4. Indlela yokuphila enempilo:Kubalulekile ukubonelela ngokutya okunesondlo kunye nokwenza umthambo ohambelana nobudala. Umthambo uyomeleza izihlunu. Kodwa ukuba umntwana wakho udiniwe, mvumele aphumle.
5. Fundisa umntwana wakho ngesi sifo: Chazela umntwana wakho ngesi sifo ngendlela elula efanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe nokuqonda kwakhe. Oku kuya kumnceda ukuba athathe uxanduva ngemizimba yakhe.
6. Nika inkxaso ngokweemvakalelo: Ukuphila nesifo esinganyangekiyo kunokuba nzima ngokweemvakalelo emntwaneni. Mvumele athethe ngeemvakalelo zakhe, mvumele akhuphe intlungu yakhe, aze akhuphe umsindo wakhe. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, funa uncedo kumcebisi.
7. Yazisa isikolo: Yazisa ootitshala kunye nolawulo lwesikolo somntwana ngale meko kwaye unikezele ngezibonelelo ezifunekayo.
Ungalibali, ukuze unyamekele umntwana wakho, nawe kufuneka uhlale usempilweni . Yitya, usele, kwaye uphumle ngexesha. Ukuba uziva udiniwe engqondweni, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye nomntu omthembayo ngaloo nto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Lupus sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela iiseli zawo eziphilileyo.
- I-Lupus ebantwaneni inokuba yingozi kakhulu kunakwibantu abadala kwaye inokubangela umonakalo kwizitho zangaphakathi.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kukuqhambuka "kwebhabhathane" ebusweni, iintlungu zamalungu, ukudinwa okungapheliyo, kunye nomkhuhlane ongachazwanga.
- Nangona oku kungenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lunokulawula isifo kwaye luvumele umntwana ukuba aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
- Kubalulekile ukuzikhusela elangeni, usele amayeza akho ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, qhagamshelana nogqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko uze uthethe ngayo.
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