Ingaba i-thyroid gland yakho idumbile entanyeni yakho? Masithethe nge-thyroiditis!

Ngaba wakha waziva iqhuma elincinci ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, uziva urhawuzelelwa esandleni sakho, okanye udiniwe kwaye uxhalabile? Esinye sezizathu zoku sisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-thyroiditis . Eli gama lisenokuvakala ngathi yinto enkulu, kodwa masithethe ngalo ngokulula nangendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-Thyroiditis? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Ngamafutshane, i-thyroiditis kukudumba kwe -thyroid gland yakho, oko kuthetha ukudumba. Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni i-thyroid gland kwaye ikuphi. Cinga ngale ndlela, i-thyroid gland sisitho esincinci esimile okwebhabhathane esingaphambili entanyeni yakho, phantsi nje kolusu. Siyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu. Sivelisa kwaye sikhuphe iintlobo ezininzi zeehomoni ezilawula imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Ngoku, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-thyroiditis ayilohlobo olunye lwento. Ligama eliqhelekileyo leqela leemeko ezibangela ukudumba kwe-thyroid gland, ezinezizathu ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu. Eyona nto iphambili enokubangela le thyroiditis kukuba iihomoni ze-thyroid ziveliswa kakhulu okanye zincinci kakhulu.

Zithini izigaba ze-thyroiditis?

Amaxesha amaninzi, kukho izigaba ezintathu eziphambili kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-thyroiditis. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi: 1. Isigaba se-Thyrotoxicity: Kule sigaba, i-thyroid gland yakho iyadumba ize ikhuphe i-hormone eninzi ngequbuliso. Oku kubangela imeko yexeshana ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyrotoxicosis . Kufana nokugcwala kwe-hormone ngequbuliso. 2. Isigaba se-Hypothyroid: Emva koko ukunyuka kwe-hormone ngequbuliso, emva kweeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa, i-thyroid gland ayinayo i-hormone eyaneleyo yokukhupha. Emva koko, kubakho ukungabikho kwe-hormone ye-thyroid. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -hypothyroidism . Kwezinye iintlobo ze-thyroiditis, ezifana ne -Hashimoto's thyroiditis kunye ne-radiation-induced thyroiditis, esi sigaba se-hypothyroid sihlala sihleli. 3. Isigaba se-Euthyroid: Ngeli xesha, amanqanaba e-thyroid hormone yakho abuyela kwisiqhelo. Oku kunokwenzeka okwethutyana emva kwesigaba se-thyrotoxicity, ngaphambi kokungena kwisigaba se-hypothyroid. Okanye, isenokuba sisigaba sokugqibela, xa i-thyroid gland iphilile ekuvuvukeni kwaye ivelisa ii-hormone ngokuqhelekileyo kwakhona.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-thyroiditis?

Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, i-thyroiditis ayisosifo esinye kuphela. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zayo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• I-Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-thyroiditis.Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis . Le yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba . Oko kukuthi, inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ihlasela i-thyroid gland ngokuvelisa ii-antithyroid antibodies . Le yeyona nto ibangela i- hypothyroidism .
• I-thyroiditis engathethiyo okanye engenabuhlungu: Le yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba. Ikwabangelwa zii-antibodies ezilwa ne-thyroid. Njengoko igama lisitsho, ayibuhlungu kakhulu.
• I-Postpartum thyroiditis: Le yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba. Nangona kunjalo, iyenzeka kungekapheli nonyaka emva kokubeleka. Oku kunqabile kakhulu.
• I-radiation-induced thyroiditis: Le meko inokubangelwa lunyango lwe-radiation kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza okanye yi- radioactive iodine enikwa unyango lwe -hyperthyroidism .
• I-Subacute thyroiditis okanye i-de Quervain's thyroiditis: Le yimeko ebuhlungu edla ngokubangelwa yintsholongwane. Ihlala isenzeka emva kokuba usulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla , olufana nomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, ludlulile.
• I-thyroiditis ehlaselayo ebukhali: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ibangelwa yinto ephilayo eyosulelayo, njengebhaktheriya .
• I-thyroiditis ebangelwa ngamayeza: Le meko inokwenzeka xa kusetyenziswa amayeza athile, anjenge -amiodarone , i-interferons , i-lithium, kunye ne -cytokines . Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu othatha la mayeza onayo le meko, kodwa linani elincinci labantu.
• I-Riedel thyroiditis: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Sibonakaliswa kukudumba okuhlala ixesha elide kunye ne -fibrosis ye-thyroid gland.Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-fibrosis. I-Fibrosis kukutyeba okanye ukuba namanxeba kwezicubu.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yi-thyroiditis?

Nangona i-thyroiditis inokuchaphazela nabani na, ichaphazela abafazi rhoqo. Umzekelo, uhlobo lwe-thyroiditis olubizwa ngokuba yi-Hashimoto's thyroiditis luqheleke ngokuphindwe kane ukuya kwelishumi kubasetyhini kunamadoda. Luqheleke kakhulu nakubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala. I-thyroiditis engathethiyo okanye engenabuhlungu iqheleke kakhulu nakubasetyhini. Luhlobo lwesibini oluqhelekileyo lwe-thyroiditis emva kwe-Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo yiHashimoto's thyroiditis. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ichaphazela phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-2% yabemi baseMelika. Ezinye iintlobo ze-thyroiditis zinqabile kakhulu.

Ngaba i-thyroiditis iyingozi ebomini?

I-thyroiditis ayisoloko isongela ubomi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo se-hyperthyroidism ngenxa ye-thyroiditis kwaye inganyangwa ixesha elide, kukho umngcipheko wokuba nesifo esiyingozi nesisongela ubomi esibizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid storm .

Zithini iimpawu zesiphepho se-thyroid?

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu – Umkhuhlane ungafikelela kwi-104 ukuya kwi-106 degrees Fahrenheit (40-41 degrees Celsius).
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (i-tachycardia) – kunokudlula ii-beats ezili-140 ngomzuzu.
• Ukuhlala uxhalabile, unomsindo, kunye/okanye ungazinzi.
• Ingqondo ephazamisekileyo – Le yimeko yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo nokudideka.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya esibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo! Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu ze-thyroiditis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Banokwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo, baxilonge imeko, baze baqalise unyango.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-Thyroiditis?

Iimpawu ze-thyroiditis zixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nenqanaba lesifo. Kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-thyroiditis, iimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis ziqala ukubonakala, zilandelwe ziimpawu ze-hypothyroidism. Kwi-subacute thyroiditis kunye ne-acute infectious thyroiditis, kuhlala kukho iintlungu kwindawo apho i-thyroid gland ikhoyo. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-thyroid gland ekhulayo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-goiter .

Iimpawu ze-Thyrotoxicosis (xa iihomoni zisanda)

Isigaba se-thyroiditis esinobungozi kwi-thyrotoxic ngokuqhelekileyo sihlala ixesha elifutshane, sihlala malunga nenyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Ukuba iiseli zakho ze-thyroid zonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-thyroid hormone eninzi ikhutshwa, unokufumana iimpawu ze- hyperthyroidism ( i-thyroid gland esebenza kakhulu). Ezi ziquka:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
• Ukwanda komnqweno wokutya.
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ndihlala ndiziva ndixhalabile kwaye ndingaphumli.
• Ukukhawuleza ukucaphuka.
• Ukungalali.
• Ukubila okwandileyo kunye nokuziva ushushu.
• Iinyikima.

Iimpawu ze-Hypothyroidism (iihomoni eziphantsi)

Isigaba se-hypothyroidism se-thyroiditis sinokuhlala ixesha elide, kwaye sisenokuhlala ixesha elide. Ukuba iiseli zakho ze-thyroid zonakele kwaye amanqanaba e-hormone yakho ye-thyroid ehla, unokufumana iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism. Ezi ziquka:

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Ukukhula ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuqhinwa.
• Iimeko zengqondo ezifana nokudakumba.
• Ulusu olomileyo.
• Ukwanda kovakalelo lokubanda.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha.
• Ukuncipha kwamandla okugxila.

Zithini izizathu ze-Thyroiditis?

I-thyroiditis yenzeka xa i-thyroid gland yakho "ihlaselwa" yinto ethile, ibangela ukuba idumbe (le yindlela umzimba osabela ngayo ekwenzakaleni) kwaye yonakalise iiseli ze-thyroid. Izizathu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwayo. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo sisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba . Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, ekufanele ukuba ikhusele imizimba yethu, ihlasela imizimba yethu ngempazamo. Akukaziwa ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka. Uninzi lweentlobo ze-thyroiditis zibangelwa zii -antibodies ezihlasela i-thyroid gland yakho.

Ifunyanwa njani i-thyroiditis?

Xa ubona ugqirha, baza kukuhlola baze bahlole i-thyroid gland yakho. Baza kubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nazo naziphi na izifo oye wazifumana ngaphambili. Ukuba bacinga ukuba une-thyroiditis, banokwenza ezinye okanye zonke ezi vavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo:

• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-thyroid: Olu luvavanyo lwegazi olujonga iihomoni zakho ezinxulumene ne-thyroid kunye namanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid. Umzekelo, ihomoni yakho evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) , i-triiodothyronine (T3) , kunye ne-thyroxine (T4) . I-TSH ivela kwi -pituitary gland yakho. Ivuselela i-thyroid gland yakho ukuba ivelise iihomoni ze-T4 kunye ne-T3. Xa zidibene, ezi zimbini zibizwa ngokuba ziihomoni ze-thyroid.
• I-ultrasound ye-thyroid:Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukujonga ulwakhiwo lwe-thyroid gland. Oku kunokufumanisa izinto ezifana ne-thyroid nodule , utshintsho ekuhambeni kwegazi, kunye nobunzima be-gland.
• Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid antibody: Olu luvavanyo lwegazi. Lukhangela ii-antibodies ze-thyroid, nokuba zii-antithyroid (microsomal) antibodies (TPO) okanye ii-thyroid receptor stimulating antibodies (TRAb) . Ukuba ezi antibodies zikhona, oko kuthetha ukuba unokuba nohlobo lwe-thyroiditis olubangelwa sisifo esihlasela umzimba.
• Izinga lokutsalwa kwe-erythrocyte (ESR okanye izinga lokutsalwa kwe-sed): Olu luvavanyo lwegazi. Lunceda ukufumanisa ukuba kukho ukudumba emzimbeni wakho. I-ESR iphezulu kwi-subacute thyroiditis.
• Iprotheyini ye-C-reactive (CRP): Le ilinganisa inqanaba le-CRP egazini lakho. Amanqanaba e-CRP ayanda xa kukho ukudumba emzimbeni. Inokuba phezulu kakhulu kwi-thyroiditis ehlaselayo ebukhali.
• Uvavanyo lokufunxwa kwe-iodine enemisebe (i-RAIU): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-iodine enemisebe (enikwa ngomlomo) efunxwa yi-thyroid gland yakho. Olu bungakanani luhlala luphantsi kwisigaba se-thyroiditis esinetyhefu kwi-thyrotoxic.

Iphathwa njani i-thyroiditis?

Unyango lwe-thyroiditis luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye neempawu.

Unyango lwe-Thyrotoxicosis

Ukuba ukwisigaba se-thyroiditis esinobungozi kwi-thyrotoxic, ugqirha wakho angakunika uhlobo lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-beta-blockers . La mayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho ( i-palpitations ) kunye nokungcangcazela. Njengoko iimpawu zakho ziphucuka, ugqirha wakho uya kunciphisa aze ayeke kancinci kancinci amayeza. Oku kungenxa yokuba isigaba se-thyrotoxic sisexeshana.

Unyango lwe-Hypothyroidism

Ukuba uneHashimoto's thyroiditis, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okutshintsha iihomoni ze-thyroid, njenge- levothyroxine . Kuya kufuneka usele la mayeza ubomi bakho bonke. I-Hypothyroidism ebangelwa yiHashimoto's thyroiditis idla ngokuba yeyokusisigxina. Ukuba une-subacute, i-silent, okanye i-postpartum thyroiditis, kwaye uneempawu ze-hypothyroidism, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika namayeza okutshintsha iihomoni ze-thyroid. Kuya kufuneka uthathe la mayeza malunga neenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12. Emva koko ugqirha wakho uza kunciphisa kancinci idosi ukuze abone ukuba une-hypothyroidism esisigxina na. Ukuba i-hypothyroidism yakho ayinzima kangako, oko kuthetha ukuba uneempawu ezimbalwa, usenokungadingi mayeza konke konke.

Ezinye iindlela zonyango lwe-thyroiditis

Ukuba une -thyroiditis ehlaselayo ngokukhawuleza , kuya kufuneka unyange usulelo. Oku kuya kubandakanya amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Ukuba unethumba , okanye umngxuma, kwi-thyroid yakho, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza inaliti encinci (ukufunxa ubomvu ngesirinji) ukuze akhuphe ubomvu. I-thyroiditis ebangelwa ngamayeza idla ngokuhlala ixesha elide nje xa usela amayeza ayibangeleyo. Ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukukutshintshela kumayeza ahlukeneyo afana nalawo uwasebenzisayo. Okanye, unokunikwa i-levothyroxine ye-thyroiditis ngelixa uqhubeka nokusela amayeza. Iintlungu ezivela kwi-thyroiditis ehlaselayo ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-subacute thyroiditis zihlala zilawulwa ngamayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) , njenge -aspirin okanye i-ibuprofen . Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lwe-steroid lunokusetyenziswa ukuba intlungu inzima. I-Riedel thyroiditis inokufuna utyando.

Ngaba i-thyroiditis ingathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, iintlobo ezininzi ze-thyroiditis azinakuthintelwa . Ukuba unesifo esifuna i-radioactive iodine okanye unyango lwe-radiation, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-thyroiditis. Usenokukwazi ukuqala ezinye iindlela zonyango zokuthintela i-thyroiditis ukuba ingaveli. Ukuba uthatha amayeza anokubangela i-thyroiditis, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko kunye nokuba ungayeka na ukuthatha loo mayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza njalo kusenokungayithinteli i-thyroiditis.

Iyintoni i-prognosis ye-thyroiditis?

Imbonakalo ye-thyroiditis idla ngokuba ntle . Kwi-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, i-hypothyroidism ebangelwa yiyo ihlala ihleli. Nangona kunjalo, inokulawulwa ngonyango lokutshintsha i-hormone ye-thyroid ubomi bonke. Abantu abane-subacute thyroiditis badla ngokuba neempawu kangangenyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 ukuba umsebenzi we-thyroid ubuyele esiqhelweni ngokupheleleyo. Aba bantu banomngcipheko we-5% wokuba ne-hypothyroidism esisigxina. I-postpartum kunye ne-silent (engenabuhlungu) thyroiditis nazo zithatha iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 ukuba ziphile ngokupheleleyo. Abantu abanezi meko banomngcipheko we-20% wokuba ne-hypothyroidism esisigxina.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga ne-thyroiditis?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-thyroiditis, kufuneka ubone ugqirha rhoqo ukuze ajonge iimpawu zakho kwaye aqinisekise ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza kakuhle.Ukuba imeko iba mandundu, okanye ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezixhalabisayo , thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.

Kuqhelekile ukuziva uxinezelekile xa ufumanisa ukuba unesifo. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba isifo se-thyroiditis sisifo esinokunyangeka, kwaye sidla ngokuba sesokwexeshana. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga ne-thyroiditis yakho okanye isicwangciso sakho sonyango, thetha nogqirha wakho. Balapha ukukunceda.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ndiyathemba ukuba unoluvo oluhle malunga ne-thyroiditis. Khumbula:

• I-Thyroiditis kukudumba kwe-thyroid gland entanyeni yakho .
• Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-thyroid ivelise i-hormone ye-thyroid eninzi kakhulu okanye encinci kakhulu .
• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezigaba zale nto. Uhlobo lweHashimoto lolona luxhaphakileyo.
• Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Ungabona izinto ezifana nokudinwa, utshintsho lobunzima, utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo, kunye notshintsho kwimo yeemvakalelo .
• Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kubangelwa yimeko ye-autoimmune .
• Esi sifo sinokuchongwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kunye ne-ultrasound .
• Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye neempawu. Ezinye zinokunyangeka ngonaphakade , ngelixa ezinye zisenokufuna unyango olude .
• Qaphela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi -thyroid storm . Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu , yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza .
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo, musa ukulibazisa ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha .

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uhlale usempilweni!