Ngaba ukhe wadumba okanye wagcwala kancinci ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, okanye mhlawumbi udinwe kakhulu kwaye uzive uxhalabile? Esinye isizathu esinokubakho sezi mpawu yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yiThyroiditis . Eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa, kodwa masilichaze ngokulula ukuze uqonde okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho.
Yintoni i-Thyroiditis? Masiyigcine ilula!
Ngamafutshane, i-Thyroiditis ibhekisa ekuvuvukeni kwe -thyroid gland yakho. Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni i-thyroid gland okanye ikuphi. Khawucinge ngesitho esincinci, esimile okwebhabhathane esihleli ezantsi kwentamo yakho, phantsi nje kolusu. Esi sitho siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yakho ye-endocrine . Sivelisa kwaye sikhuphe iihomoni ezibalulekileyo ezilawula uninzi lwemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba wakho.
I-thyroiditis ayisiyongxaki enye kuphela; ligama eliqhelekileyo leqela leengxaki ezibangela ukudumba kwe-thyroid gland ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ingxaki ephambili ebangelwa yi-thyroiditis kukuba i-gland inokukhupha ii-hormone ze-thyroid ezininzi okanye ezincinci kakhulu.
Ziziphi iiNqanaba eziqhelekileyo zeThyroiditis?
Kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-thyroiditis, unokufumana amanqanaba amathathu ahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge:
1. Isigaba seTyrotoxicity: Kule sigaba, i-thyroid gland yakho evuvukileyo ikhupha ngequbuliso inani elikhulu lee-hormone. Oku kubangela imeko yexeshana eyaziwa ngokuba yi -thyrotoxicosis . Ungayicinga "njengomkhukula" we-hormones ongena kwinkqubo yakho.
2. Isigaba seHypothyroid: Emva koko kunyuka kokuqala kweehomoni, i-thyroid gland yakho idla ngokuphelelwa ngamandla kwaye ayikwazi ukuvelisa iihomoni ezaneleyo kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa. Oku kubangela ukungabikho kwe- hypothyroidism . Kwiimeko ezithile, ezifana neHashimoto's thyroiditis kunye ne-radiation-induced thyroiditis , esi sigaba se-hypothyroid sinokuba sisisigxina.
3. Isigaba se-Euthyroid: Ngeli xesha, amanqanaba akho e-hormone abuyela kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo nelisempilweni. Oku kunokwenzeka okwethutyana phakathi kwesigaba se-thyrotoxic kunye nesigaba se-hypothyroid, okanye kungaba linqanaba lokugqibela njengoko i-thyroid gland yakho iphinda ibuyele ekuvuvukeni kwaye iqalise kwakhona imveliso eqhelekileyo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-Thyroiditis?
Njengoko besitshilo, i-thyroiditis ayisosifo esinye, kwaye kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sizijonge:
- I-Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-thyroiditis, olukwaziwa ngokuba yi- chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis . Yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba . Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba iqala ukuhlasela i-thyroid gland ngokuvelisa ii-antibodies ze-antithyroid . Yiyo eyona nto ibangela i -hypothyroidism .
- I-thyroiditis engathethiyo okanye engenabuhlungu: Le yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba ebangelwa zii-antibodies ze-antithyroid. Njengoko igama lisitsho, ayibangeli ntlungu ingako.
- I-Postpartum thyroiditis: Enye imeko yokuzikhusela komzimba eyenzeka kunyaka wokuqala emva kokubeleka. Ayiqhelekanga kangako.
- I-radiation-induced thyroiditis: Oku kunokwenzeka emva konyango lwe-radiation kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza okanye ngokusebenzisa unyango lwe -radioactive iodine kwi-hyperthyroidism.
- I-Subacute thyroiditis (okanye i-de Quervain's thyroiditis):Oku kudla ngokuba buhlungu kakhulu kwaye kucingelwa ukuba kubangelwa yintsholongwane. Kudla ngokulandela usulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla , olufana nomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo .
- I-thyroiditis ehlaselayo ebukhali: Yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu ebangelwa yintsholongwane okanye enye into ebangela usulelo.
- I-thyroiditis ebangelwa ngamayeza: Amayeza athile, anjenge -amiodarone , i-interferons , i-lithium , kunye ne-cytokines , anokubangela oku. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwenzeka kuphela kwipesenti encinci yabantu abasebenzisa la mayeza.
- I-Riedel thyroiditis: Sisifo esingaqhelekanga esibonakaliswa kukudumba kwexesha elide kwe-thyroid okukhokelela kwi -fibrosis , apho izicubu ze-thyroid ziba lukhuni okanye zibe namanxeba.
Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yi-Thyroiditis?
Nangona i-thyroiditis inokuchaphazela nabani na, ixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi .
Umzekelo, iHashimoto's thyroiditis ixhaphake ngokuphindwe kane ukuya kwelishumi kubasetyhini kunamadoda, kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwama-30 nama-50 ubudala. I-silent thyroiditis ixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi kwaye lolona hlobo lwesibini oluxhaphakileyo lwe-thyroiditis emva kweHashimoto's.
Iqheleke Kangakanani?
Njengoko kuphawuliwe, iHashimoto's thyroiditis yeyona ixhaphakileyo, ichaphazela i-1% ukuya kwi-2% yabemi baseMelika. Ezinye iintlobo ze-thyroiditis azixhaphakanga kakhulu.
Ngaba i-Thyroiditis Iyingozi Kubomi?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-thyroiditis ayisosisongelo kubomi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-thyroiditis ikhokelela kwi-hyperthyroidism enzima enganyangwa ixesha elide, inokuqhubela phambili kwingxakeko esongela ubomi eyaziwa ngokuba yi- thyroid storm .
Zithini iimpawu zesiphepho se-thyroid?
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu – Amaqondo obushushu anokunyuka aye kwi-104°F ukuya kwi-106°F (40°C–41°C).
- Isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo kakhulu (i-tachycardia) – Oku kunokudlula ii-beats ezili-140 ngomzuzu.
- Ukucaphuka okukhulu, ukucaphuka, kunye nokungaphumli okukhulu.
- I-Delirium - Imeko yokudideka okukhulu, ukudideka, okanye utshintsho engqondweni.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uhlangabezana neempawu zesiphepho se-thyroid, funa uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza ngokufowunela u-911 okanye undwendwele isebe lezonyango olungxamisekileyo elikufutshane.
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo, nceda undwendwele isibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo!
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uneempawu ze-thyroiditis, kubalulekile ukubonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Banokwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo, banike uxilongo oluchanekileyo, baze baqalise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-Thyroiditis?
Iimpawu ze-thyroiditis zixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nenqanaba lemeko. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izigulane ziqala ngokubona iimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis, zize zilandele iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism.
Xa une-subacute thyroiditis kunye ne-acute infectious thyroiditis, unokuziva iintlungu kwindawo apho i-thyroid gland yakho ikhoyo. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-thyroid eyandisiweyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi- goiter .
Iimpawu ze-Thyrotoxicosis (xa amazinga e-hormone ephezulu)
Isigaba se-thyroiditis esinobungozi kwi-thyrotoxic ngokuqhelekileyo sihlala ixesha elifutshane, sihlala malunga nenyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Ukuba iiseli zakho ze-thyroid zonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikhupha i-hormone ye-thyroid eninzi kakhulu, unokufumana iimpawu ze- hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid esebenza kakhulu). Ezi ziquka:
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (i-palpitations).
- Ukwanda komnqweno wokutya.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engachazekiyo.
- Ukuziva uxhalabile okanye ungaphumli.
- Ukwanda kokucaphuka.
- Ubunzima bokulala (ukungalali).
- Ukubila okwandileyo kunye nokuziva ushushu.
- Ukungcangcazela kwezandla.
Iimpawu ze-Hypothyroidism (xa amanqanaba e-hormone ephantsi)
Isigaba se-hypothyroidism se-thyroiditis sinokuhlala ixesha elide kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sinokuhlala ixesha elide. Ukuba iiseli zakho ze-thyroid zonakele kwaye amanqanaba e-hormone ehla, unokufumana iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukudinwa okungapheliyo.
- Ukutyeba okungachazwanga.
- Ukuqhinwa.
- Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezifana nokudakumba.
- Ulusu olomileyo.
- Ukwanda kovakalelo lokubanda.
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha.
- Ubunzima bokugxila.
Yintoni ebangela i-Thyroiditis?
I-thyroiditis yenzeka xa i-thyroid gland yakho "ihlaselwa," nto leyo ekhokelela ekuvuvukeni (indlela umzimba osabela ngayo ekwenzakaleni) kunye nomonakalo kwiiseli ze-thyroid. Izizathu ezithile ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo.
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo sisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba . Oku kwenzeka xa inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela—eyenzelwe ukukukhusela—ihlasela umzimba wakho ngempazamo. Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo ungaqondakali ngokupheleleyo, iintlobo ezininzi ze-thyroiditis zenzeka ngenxa yee -antibodies ezijolise kwi-thyroid gland yakho.
Ifunyanwa njani i-Thyroiditis?
Xa ubona ugqirha, baza kukuhlola baze bahlole i-thyroid gland yakho. Baza kubuza nangeempawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba une-thyroiditis, angenza ezinye okanye zonke ezi zilingo zilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:
- Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-thyroid: Olu vavanyo lwegazi lulinganisa iihomoni zakho ezinxulumene ne-thyroid. Ziquka i-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) , i-T3 (triiodothyronine) , kunye ne-T4 (thyroxine) . I-TSH iveliswa yi -pituitary gland yakho ukuze ivuselele i-thyroid ukuba ivelise iihomoni ze-T4 kunye ne-T3.
- I-ultrasound ye-thyroid: Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukuhlola ulwakhiwo lwe-thyroid gland yakho. Oku kunceda ekufumaneni amaqhuqhuva , utshintsho ekuhambeni kwegazi, okanye ubuninzi be-gland.
- Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid antibody: Olu vavanyo lwegazi lukhangela ii-antibodies ezithile, ezifana ne -TPO (i-antithyroid/microsomal antibodies) okanye i-TRAb (i-thyroid receptor stimulating antibodies) . Ubukho bazo bubonisa ukuba i-thyroiditis yakho isenokuba yi-autoimmune ngokwendalo.
- Izinga lokutsalwa kwe-Erythrocyte (ESR): Olu vavanyo lwegazi lunceda ekuchongeni ukudumba emzimbeni wakho. Kwimeko ye-subacute thyroiditis, inqanaba le-ESR lidla ngokunyuka.
- Iprotheyini ye-C-reactive (CRP): Oku kulinganisa amanqanaba e-CRP egazini lakho. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-CRP abonisa ukudumba kwaye adla ngokuba phezulu kakhulu kwiimeko ze-thyroiditis ehlaselayo ngokukhawuleza.
- Uvavanyo lokufunxwa kwe-iodine enemisebe (i-RAIU): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-iodine enemisebe (ethathwa ngomlomo) efunxwa yi-thyroid gland yakho. Kwisigaba se-thyroiditis esinetyhefu kwi-thyrotoxic, olu lwazi luhlala luphantsi.
Iphathwa njani i-Thyroiditis?
Unyango lwe-thyroiditis luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye neempawu zakho ezithile.
Ukunyanga i-Thyrotoxicosis
Ukuba ukwisigaba se-thyroiditis esinetyhefu kwi-thyrotoxic, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ii-beta-blockers . Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza ( i-palpitations ) kunye nokungcangcazela.
Njengoko iimpawu zakho ziphucuka, ugqirha wakho uya kuncipha kancinci kancinci aze ekugqibeleni ayeke amayeza, njengoko eli nqanaba lilelexeshana.
Ukunyanga iHypothyroidism
Ukuba uneHashimoto's thyroiditis, ugqirha wakho unokukunika unyango lokutshintsha iihomoni ze-thyroid, njenge- levothyroxine . Kusenokufuneka usebenzise eli yeza ixesha elide, njengoko i-hypothyroidism ebangelwa yiHashimoto's idla ngokuba yeyokusisigxina.
Ukuba une-subacute, i-silent, okanye i-postpartum thyroiditis kwaye uneempawu ze-hypothyroidism, ugqirha wakho unokukunika unyango lokutshintshwa kweehomoni kangangeenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12. Emva koko, baya kukujonga ukuze babone ukuba i-hypothyroidism iyaqhubeka na.
Ukuba i-hypothyroidism yakho incinci, unyango lusenokungafuneki.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango lwe-Thyroiditis
Ukuba une -thyroiditis ehlaselayo ngokukhawuleza , usulelo kufuneka lunyangwe, ngesiqhelo ngee -antibiotics . Ukuba unesilonda (iqoqo le-pus), ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukufunxa inaliti encinci ukuze ayikhuphe.
I-thyroiditis ebangelwa ngamayeza idla ngokuphela xa iyekwa iyeka ukusebenzisa amayeza abangela isifo. Ugqirha wakho unokukutshintshela kwenye iyeza okanye akugcine usebenzisa amayeza afanayo ngelixa uphatha i-thyroiditis nge-levothyroxine ukuba kuyimfuneko. Khumbula, ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ezingxamisekileyo, nxibelelana neenkonzo zongxamiseko (911) okanye undwendwele isibhedlele esikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko njengoko kuyalelwe yiNirogi Lanka.
Iintlungu ezivela kwi-acute infectious thyroiditis kunye ne-subacute thyroiditis zinokulawulwa ngamayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) , anjenge -aspirin okanye i-ibuprofen . Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba iintlungu zinzima, ugqirha wakho unokukunika unyango lwe-steroid .
Kwi-Riedel's thyroiditis, utyando ludla ngokuba yimfuneko.
Ngaba i-thyroiditis ingathintelwa?
Ngelishwa, iintlobo ezininzi ze-thyroiditis azinakuthintelwa .
Ukuba ucwangciselwe iinkqubo ezifana nonyango lwe-iodine olusebenzisa i-radioactive okanye unyango lwe-radiation, xoxa nogqirha wakho ngengozi yokuba ne-thyroiditis. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezinye iindlela zonyango zinokuthathwa ukunciphisa le ngozi.
Ukuba usela amayeza anokubangela i-thyroiditis, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba la mayeza anokulungiswa okanye ayekiswe na. Nangona kunjalo, nceda uqaphele ukuba nangona unala manyathelo okhuseleko, ukuthintela i-thyroiditis ngokupheleleyo kusenokungabi yinto enokwenzeka rhoqo.
Yintoni i-prognosis ye-thyroiditis?
Ngokubanzi, uqikelelo lwe-thyroiditis lulungile .
Kwimeko yeHashimoto's thyroiditis, i-hypothyroidism ebangelwa yiyo idla ngokuba yeyokusisigxina, kodwa inokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo ubomi bonke ngonyango lokutshintshwa kweehomoni ze-thyroid.
Kwabo bane-subacute thyroiditis, iimpawu zihlala ixesha elingangenyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 ukuba umsebenzi we-thyroid ubuyele esiqhelweni. Kukho umngcipheko omncinci, omalunga ne-5% wokufumana i-hypothyroidism esisigxina kwaba baguli.
Ukuchacha emva kokuzalwa kunye ne-thyroiditis engathethiyo (engenabuhlungu) kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18. Ezi meko zinomngcipheko omalunga nama-20% we-hypothyroidism esisigxina.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-thyroiditis, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ukuze ujonge iimpawu zakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isicwangciso sakho sonyango sisebenza kakuhle.
Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha , nceda unxibelelane nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ngokukhawuleza.
Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive uxinezelekile xa uxilongwa ngugqirha. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-thyroiditis idla ngokuba yinto elawulekayo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, isenokuba yimeko yexeshana. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga ne-thyroiditis okanye isicwangciso sakho sonyango, thetha nogqirha wakho. Bakho ukukunceda kuyo yonke inyathelo lonyango lwakho.
Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya
Siyathemba ukuba olu luvo lukunike ukuqonda okucacileyo nge-thyroiditis. Khumbula:
- I-Thyroiditis kukudumba kwe-thyroid gland yakho ekwintamo yakho.
- Ingabangela ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise i-hormone ye-thyroid eninzi kakhulu okanye encinci kakhulu .
- Kukho iintlobo nezigaba ezahlukeneyo ; iHashimoto yeyona ixhaphakileyo.
- Iimpawu ziyahluka ngohlobo kwaye zinokubandakanya ukudinwa, utshintsho lobunzima, ukungalingani kwesantya sentliziyo, kunye nokutshintsha kwemood .
- Le meko idla ngokubangelwa kukusabela kwe-autoimmune .
- Uxilongo lwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-ultrasound .
- Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo oluthile kunye neempawu zakho. Ezinye iimeko ziyaphela ngokupheleleyo , ngelixa ezinye zinokufuna unyango oluhlala ixesha elide .
- Lumka ngemeko engaqhelekanga nesongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi -thyroid storm . Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, funa unyango olungxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza .
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nempilo yakho, soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Apha eNirogi Lanka, sikholelwa ukuba impilo-ntle yakho yeyona nto iphambili!
