Kunzima ukuchaza intlungu kunye nesizungu esizivayo xa singakwazi ukuva izandi ezintle kakhulu emhlabeni, amazwi abantu esibathandayo, ukuhleka komntwana omncinci. Ukulahlekelwa kukuva yinto esihlukanisa nezinto ezininzi ebomini. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhambela phambili kwezonyango zanamhlanje, ngoku kukho ubuchwepheshe obutsha bokujongana nale meko. Namhlanje sithetha ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo. Esi sisixhobo sokufakelwa kwe-cochlear .
Kulungile, ke ngoko yintoni i-cochlear implant?
Ngamafutshane, i-cochlear implant sisixhobo se-elektroniki esenzelwe ukunceda abantu abazizithulu ngokupheleleyo okanye abanengxaki yokuva abanengxaki yokuqonda intetho.
Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili koku.
1. Inxalenye egugileyo ngaphandle: Kukho iprosesa kunye nemagnethi ezinxitywa ngasemva kwendlebe, njengesixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva .
2. Ukufakelwa kwe-subcutaneous: Oku kuquka i-receiver efakwe phantsi kwesikhumba se-skull kunye ne-electrode array efakwe kwi-cochlea, inxalenye yendlebe yangaphakathi.
Le nxalenye yangaphandle kunye nenxalenye engaphakathi zidibene ngamandla emagnethi. Esi sixhobo sikwenza ngqo amaza esandi kwimithambo-luvo yakho yokuva. Le mithambo-luvo yiyo ethwala imiqondiso yesandi iye engqondweni.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i-cochlear implant ayizukubuyisela ukuva kwakho okuqhelekileyo kwinto obunayo ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, inokukunceda kakhulu ukuba uqaphele izandi ezifana nokukhala kwefowuni, intsimbi yomnyango, kwaye uqonde into ethethwa ngumntu.
| Icandelo | Oko ikwenzayo (Umsebenzi) |
|---|---|
| Imakrofoni | Ibamba izandi ezivela kwindawo esingqongileyo. |
| Iprosesa yeNtetho | Izandi ezifunyenweyo ziyahlulwahlulwa kwaye ziguqulwe zibe ziimpawu ze-elektroniki. |
| Umthumeli | Ezi zimpawu ze-elektroniki zithunyelwa kwindawo engaphantsi kwesikhumba. |
| Umamkeli | Ihlala phantsi kwesikhumba kwaye ifumana imiqondiso ethunyelwa kwi-transmitter. |
| Ii-electrode | Iimpawu ezivela kumkeli zisetyenziselwa ukuvuselela ngokuthe ngqo umthambo wokuva. |
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwesixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva kunye nesixhobo sokufakelwa i-cochlear?
Nangona zombini ezi zinto zizixhobo zokuva , indlela ezisebenza ngayo yahlukile ngokupheleleyo.
| Uphawu | Uncedo lokuva | I-Cochlear Implant |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza kakuhle | Usebenzisa naluphi na uhlobo lokuva olunalo, ungenza izandi zivakale kwaye zicace . | Idlula kwiindawo ezisebenza ngesandi zendlebe ize ithumele imiqondiso yesandi ngqo kwimithambo-luvo . |
| Ifanelekile kubani? | Kwabo banezinga elithile lokuva ngokwendalo. | Kwabo banezisele ezonakeleyo endlebeni engaphakathi kwaye abazivanga ngokwemvelo. |
| Utyando | Akukho mfuneko yotyando. | Utyando luyadingeka ukuze kufakwe amalungu angaphakathi. |
Isebenza kanjani lento?
Khawucinge nje, kukho iiseli ezininzi ezincinci zeenwele kwinxalenye yendlebe yethu yangaphakathi ebizwa ngokuba yi-cochlea. Ezi seli zithatha ukungcangcazela kwesandi zize zizithumele engqondweni njengemiqondiso yemithambo-luvo. Ukuba iiseli zeenwele zomntu zonakele, okanye ukuba azikho kwasekuzalweni, akukho ndlela yokuba izandi zifikelele kwimithambo-luvo yokuva.
Oko kwenziwa yi-cochlear implant kukudlula ezi seli zeenwele ezonakeleyo kwaye kuvuselele ngqo i-auditory nerve. Ngoko ke endaweni yezandi "zokuva", ungazibona izandi.
Utyando lwe-Cochlear implant kunye nasemva kwayo
Le nkqubo idla ngokuba yinkqubo yokulaliswa ngaphandle kwesibhedlele, oko kuthetha ukuba ungaya ekhaya ngaphandle kokuhlala esibhedlele. Le nkqubo yenziwa phantsi kwe -anesthesia jikelele.
Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci emva kwendlebe, enze umngxuma omncinci kwithambo lesikhumba, aze angene endlebeni engaphakathi. Emva koko, ii-electrode zifakwa kwi-cochlea, i-receiver ibekwe phantsi kwesikhumba, kwaye umngxuma uthungelwe kwakhona. Oku kuthatha malunga neyure okanye ezimbini.
Emva kotyando, kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba inxeba lipholile, uza kubona ugqirha wakho kwakhona. Kulapho ke iprosesa, oyinxiba ngaphandle, iza kucwangciswa ukuze ikulungele.
Emva koko eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo iyaqala. Yiyo loo nto unyango . Kufuneka uqeqeshe ingqondo yakho ukuba iqonde imiqondiso emitsha evela kwesi sixhobo. Oku kuya kufuna ixesha elithile usebenza nogqirha wengqondo othetha nowevayo.
Ngubani ngokwenene ofanelekileyo oku?
Ayingabo bonke abantu abanengxaki yokuva abanokufumana i-cochlear implant. Kukho iziqinisekiso ezininzi ekufuneka zifezekiswe. Iqela lezonyango, kuquka ingcali yendlebe, impumlo, kunye nomphimbo (ENT surgeon) kunye ne-audiologist, baya kugqiba ukuba oku kulungile na kuwe.
Aba ngabantu abaqhelekileyo:
- Abantu abanengxaki yokuva kakuhle endlebeni enye okanye zombini.
- Abantu abangafumani ncedo lwaneleyo kwizinto zokuncedisa ukuva.
- Abantu abangenazo ezinye izifo ezinkulu ezinokubathintela ukuba benze utyando.
- Abantu abaqonda kakuhle into enokwenziwa yile sixhobo kunye nento engenakuyenza.
- Abo banokuzibophelela ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwiiseshoni zoqeqesho ezifunekayo emva kotyando.
Ii-implants ze-cochlear zabantwana abancinci
Umntwana ozelwe enengxaki yokuva ngokuzalwa unexesha elinzima kakhulu lokufunda ulwimi nokuthetha. Ngoko ke, umntwana onjalo angazuza kakhulu ngokufakelwa i-cochlear implant esemncinci.
Uphando lubonise ukuba abantwana abafumana i-cochlear implant ngaphambi kokuba babe neenyanga ezili-18 ubudala baze bafumane uqeqesho olufunekayo banokufunda ulwimi nentetho ngokukhawuleza njengabanye abantwana abaqhelekileyo. Ukuba oku kwenziwe okanye akunjalo kumntwana wabo sisigqibo sobuqu abazali abafanele basixoxe neqela labo lezonyango.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Njengayo nayiphi na into, ii-cochlear implants zinezibonelelo kunye neengozi ezincinci.
Iingenelo
- Ukukwazi ukuqonda into ethethwa ngumntu ngaphandle kokujonga ubuso bakhe.
- Ukukwazi ukuthetha ngefowuni nokubukela iTV.
- Ukukwazi ukubona izinto ezifana nezandi zesilumkiso (i-alamu, i-horror yemoto).
- Kwabanye abantu, i-tinnitus inokuncipha.
- Ukukwazi ukulawula indlela abathetha ngayo njengoko beqala ukuva ilizwi labo.
Iingozi
Nangona utyando lokufakelwa kwe-cochlear lukhuselekile kakhulu, kukho iingozi eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nalo naluphi na utyando.
- Iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-anesthesia.
- Usulelo kunye nokopha kwindawo yotyando.
- Kukho ithuba elincinci kakhulu lomonakalo kumthambo wobuso (ukulahlekelwa kukusebenza kakuhle kwenxalenye yobuso).
- Iingxaki zesiyezi okanye ibhalansi.
- Ukuba bekukho ukuva okuseleyo endlebeni ebisenziwa utyando, kuya kulahleka.
- Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho umngcipheko we-meningitis (usulelo lwee-membranes ezijikeleze ubuchopho). (Kunikwa iigonyo ukuthintela oku).
Ungathetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto.
Ubomi bunjani ngesi sixhobo?
Kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uhlala ne-cochlear implant.
- Khusela emanzini: Iiprosesa ezinxitywayo mazisuswe xa kuhlamba okanye kudada. Kukho izigqubuthelo ezikhethekileyo ezingangeni manzi zaloo nto.
- Imidlalo yoQhagamshelwano: Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa udlala imidlalo ebandakanya ukubetheka okuqatha entloko (umz. ibhokisa, iragbi), njengoko iindawo zangaphakathi zinokonakala.
- I-MRI Scan: Ngenxa yeemagnethi ezinamandla kwiimashini ze-MRI, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo akhethekileyo okhuseleko ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-MRI scan. Kubalulekile ukwazisa oogqirha ngale nto.
- Umbane Ongashukumiyo: 'Umbane' omncinci oveliswa xa uchukumisa izinto ezifana nesikrini seTV unokonakalisa iprosesa ngaphandle. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukuyikhupha iprosesa ngexesha elinjalo.
Ukuze ufumane iziphumo eziphumelelayo ngesi sixhobo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusinxiba ngamaxesha onke kwaye uye kwiiseshoni zoqeqesho rhoqo .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-cochlear implant sisixhobo se-elektroniki esinceda abantu abanengxaki yokuva kakhulu ukuba baqonde izandi.
- Oku akuyi kunika ukuva kwendalo, kodwa kunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi.
- Oku kufuna utyando ukuze kufakelwe i-implant, kodwa lutyando olukhuselekileyo kakhulu.
- Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono emva kotyando, iiseshoni zonyango loqeqesho lobuchopho zibalulekile.
- Qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (ENT Surgeon) kunye neqela lakhe ukuze babone ukuba oku kulungile na kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho.
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