Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga nomhlaza wesibeleko

Ucinga ntoni ukuba ubona ukopha kancinci emva kokuba ixesha lakho liphelile, oko kukuthi, emva kokuya exesheni? Abanye abantu bacinga, "Andazi ukuba kuqale kwakhona na." Kodwa olu hlobo lokopha okungaqhelekanga, ingakumbi emva kokuya exesheni, alunakuze lujongwe. Kuba, lunokuba luphawu olukhulu lomhlaza wesibeleko. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngomhlaza wesibeleko, iimpawu zawo, ukuba ngubani osengozini enkulu, kunye nonyango olufumanekayo lwawo. Musa ukoyika, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni umhlaza wesibeleko?

Umhlaza wesibeleko ligama eliqhelekileyo lomhlaza owenzeka esibelekweni. Kodwa kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Cinga ngesibeleko sakho njengendlu encinci.

1. Umhlaza we-Endometrial: Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Ulwelwesi lwesibeleko lubizwa ngokuba yi-endometrium, efana nephepha lodonga . Olu lwelwelo luyaphela ngexesha lokuya exesheni. Olu lwelwelo lulwelo. Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olwenzeka xa iiseli ze-endometrium zahlukana ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye zibe ngumhlaza. Olu hlobo lubangela i-95% yomhlaza wesibeleko. Yiyo loo nto sidla ngokubiza oku ngokuthi "umhlaza wesibeleko" xa sithetha.

2. I-Uterine Sarcoma: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ngumhlaza okhula kwi-muscular layer (myometrium) yesibeleko, eyi-membrane yesibeleko. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu.

Isibeleko sisitho esibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini. Xa umntwana ekhulelwe, umntwana ukhula ngaphakathi kwesibeleko. Inxalenye ephezulu yesibeleko ibizwa ngokuba ngumzimba okanye i-corpus. Ngaphantsi kwayo kukho umlomo wesibeleko. Umhlaza wesibeleko luhlobo olwahlukileyo lomhlaza kumhlaza wesibeleko. Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kamva.

Zithini iimpawu zalo mhlaza? Ndingawubona njani?

Iimpawu zomhlaza wesibeleko zinokufana nezezinye izifo zenkqubo yokuzala. Ngoko ke ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokufumana unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ungayiqonda ngokucacileyo le mpawu kwitheyibhile engezantsi.

Kutheni le nto lo mhlaza uvela? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Eyona nto ibangela umhlaza wesibeleko ayikafunyanwa. Okwenzekayo kukuba ngesizathu esithile, iiseli esibelekweni ziyatshintsha (ziguquke) kwaye ziqale ukukhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo. Sibiza ubuninzi beeseli ezenza ngale ndlela ngokuthi yithumba.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza. Uninzi lwazo lunxulumene nokulinganisela kweehomoni ezimbini emzimbeni wethu, i-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone.

Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko

• Ubudala: Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibeleko uyanda ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Uninzi lweemeko zifunyaniswa emva kweminyaka engama-50.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu: Le yeyona nto ibangela umngcipheko omkhulu. Izicubu zamafutha emzimbeni ziguqula ezinye iihomoni zibe yi-estrogen. Njengoko amafutha esanda, amanqanaba e-estrogen ayanyuka, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko womhlaza.
• Isifo seswekile: Kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo seswekile kunye nokutyeba kakhulu. Ezinye izifundo zikwabonise unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwesifo seswekile kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS):Umngcipheko unokwanda ngenxa yokungalingani kwamahomoni kubafazi abane-PCOS.
• Imbali yokuya exesheni kunye nokuzala:
• Ukuqala kokufikisa: Ukuba uqale ukuya exesheni ungekafiki kwiminyaka eli-12 ubudala, umngcipheko wakho uyanda kuba isibeleko sifumana i-hormone ye-estrogen ixesha elide.
• Ukuya exesheni emva kwexesha: Kwakhona, ukuba ukuya exesheni kwenzeka emva kweminyaka engama-50, ixesha lokufumana i-estrogen nalo lide.
• Ukungakhulelwa: Abafazi abangazange babe nabantwana banomngcipheko ophezulu kancinci kunabo bangazange babe nabantwana.
• Imbali yosapho yomhlaza: Abanye abantu bazuza umngcipheko wemfuza womhlaza. Abantu abanemeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yiLynch Syndrome banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza wesibeleko kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza (ingakumbi umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu).
• Ezinye iindlela zonyango:
• Unyango lwe-estrogen hormone (ERT): Ukusela i-estrogen yodwa ngaphandle kwe-hormone progesterone kwiimpawu zokuya exesheni kwandisa umngcipheko.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweTamoxifen: Eli yeza, elisetyenziswa njengonyango lomhlaza webele, linokusebenza njenge-estrogen esibelekweni kwaye lonyuse umngcipheko womhlaza.
• Unyango ngemitha kwindawo ye-pelvic: Ukuba ufumene unyango ngemitha kwindawo ye-pelvic ngenxa yomhlaza womnye umntu, iiseli zisenokonakala kwaye kunokubakho umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza womnye umntu.

Ugqirha uxilonga njani esi sifo?

Ukuba uneempawu ezingaqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho kunye nembali yezifo zosapho lwakho. Emva koko uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwe-pelvic.

Emva koko, olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo lunokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-Ultrasound edluliselwa kwisini: Oku kuquka ukufaka isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokuskena kwisini ukuze kuthathwe imifanekiso ecacileyo yesibeleko kunye ne-endometrium. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-endometrium ityebile ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
• I-Endometrial Biopsy: Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili olusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo idluliselwa kwisibeleko iye kwisibeleko kwaye kuthathwe iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu kwi-endometrium. Usenokuzibuza ukuba oku kuya kuba buhlungu na. Nangona kusenokuba yinto engathandekiyo kancinci, yinkqubo ekhawulezayo. Emva koko isicubu sithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze sivavanywe iiseli zomhlaza.
• I-Hysteroscopy: Ityhubhu encinci enekhamera kunye nokukhanya (i-hysteroscope) idluliselwa kwilungu lobufazi iye esibelekweni ukuze kuhlolwe ngaphakathi. I-biopsy nayo ingathathwa ngeli xesha.
• I-D&C (Ukwanda kunye nokuKhawuleza):Le yinkqubo enzima ngakumbi kune-biopsy. Yenziwa kwigumbi lotyando phantsi kwe-anesthesia. Umlomo wesibeleko uyavuleka, kwaye izicubu ziyakhuhla eludongeni olungaphakathi lwesibeleko zize zithunyelwe ukuze zihlolwe.

Ukuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe, kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?

Ukuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe, oogqirha baya kujonga uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekucwangciseni unyango.

• Uhlobo:
• Uhlobo 1: Ezi azinabundlongondlongo kakhulu. Zisasazeka kancinci.
• Uhlobo 2: Ezi zinobundlongondlongo ngakumbi. Zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zifuna unyango olunobundlongondlongo ngakumbi.

• Inqanaba: Umhlaza uhlulwahlulwa ukusuka kwinqanaba loku-1 ukuya kwelesi-4 ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni usasazeke kangakanani.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lomhlaza wesibeleko?

Unyango olufumanayo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza, inqanaba lawo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

• Utyando: Olu lolona nyango luphambili. Ludla ngokususwa kwesibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko. Ludla ngokukhatshwa yi-salpingo-oophorectomy (SOO) kunye nokuqhaqhwa kwe-lymph node ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na.
• Unyango lweMisebe: Ukusetyenziswa kwemitha enamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Oku kusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli eziseleyo emva kotyando okanye kwiimeko apho utyando lungenakwenzeka.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Ukunika umzimba amayeza anamandla abulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza anokunikwa ngenaliti okanye njengeepilisi.
• Unyango lweeHormone: Ukunika amayeza athintela iihomoni ezifunekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango olujoliswe kuko: Ukunika amayeza ajolise kubuthathaka obuthile kwiiseli zomhlaza aze ayeke ukukhula kwazo.
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu ukuze alwe neeseli zomhlaza.

Ngaba esi sifo sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Ewe. Ezi zezona ndaba zilungileyo. Umhlaza wesibeleko, ingakumbi umhlaza we-endometrial, unokubonwa kwangethuba kakhulu . Oku kungenxa yokuba uphawu olucacileyo kukopha okungaqhelekanga.

Kodwa ukuba isifo asifumaneki size sisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba (i-metastasis), izinga lokunyangwa liyancipha. Yiyo loo nto sithi ukubonwa kwangethuba kusindisa ubomi .

Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela umhlaza?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, umhlaza wesibeleko awunakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ekubeni ukutyeba kakhulu kuyinto eyingozi kakhulu, lawula ubunzima bomzimba wakho ngokuzilolonga ngokufanelekileyo nangokutya ukutya okunempilo.
• Ukulawula isifo seswekile: Ukuba unesifo seswekile, silawule kakuhle.
• Lumka xa usebenzisa iihomoni: Ukuba usebenzisa unyango lweehomoni, thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo nto kwaye ucinge ngonyango olune-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone.

Ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza (umz. i-Lynch syndrome), kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo kwaye wenze uvavanyo olufanelekileyo .