Uyakhumbula xa wawusengumntwana, xa wawune-chickenpox kunye nolusu olurhawuzelelwayo, olunamaqhubu emzimbeni wakho wonke? Abantu abaninzi baye baba namava anjalo. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba emva kokuba i-chickenpox ipholile, intsholongwane eyayibangela ingahlala ifihliwe emizimbeni yethu ize ibuye emva kweminyaka ibangele ezinye izifo? Loo ntsholongwane yi-varicella-zoster virus, okanye ``(VZV)`` ngamafutshane. Namhlanje, masithethe ngale ntsholongwane, izifo ezibangelwa yiyo, kunye nendlela esinokuzikhusela ngayo.
Yintoni le Varicella-Zoster Virus?
Ngamafutshane, intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster luhlobo lwentsholongwane oluvela kusapho lweentsholongwane ze-herpes. Yiyo le nto ibangela i-chickenpox. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ikwayintsholongwane efanayo ebangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-herpes zoster, okanye "ii-shingles" njengoko abantu abaninzi beyibiza njalo.
Khawucinge nje, emva kokuba sifumene i-chickenpox size siphile, le ntsholongwane ayinyamalali ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni. Ingena ngononophelo kwiiseli zethu zemithambo-luvo ize ilale apho okwethutyana ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi xa amandla omzimba wethu okuzikhusela esezantsi, le ntsholongwane ilala kwakhona. Kulapho kuvela khona ezinye iimpawu ezifana nee-shingles ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Ngamanye amazwi, le yingozi yokuba umntu owayene-chickenpox esengumntwana uya kuba ne-shingles xa emdala.
Zeziphi izifo ezibangelwa yile ntsholongwane?
Xa intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster ingena emizimbeni yethu, inokubangela izifo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezona ziphambili:
- I-Chickenpox (Varicella): Esi sisifo esenzeka xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni okokuqala. Ngoko ke le yimbangela ye-chickenpox esiyaziyo sonke.
- IiShingles (Herpes Zoster): Oku kunokwenzeka emva kweminyaka, kwanamashumi eminyaka, emva kwe-chickenpox. Ibonakala ngezilonda zesikhumba eziqhumayo kwimithambo-luvo, ezihamba nentlungu eqatha.
- I-Meningitis, i-Encephalitis, kunye ne-Meningoencephalitis: Ezi ziimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi. Ezi zinokwenzeka ukuba intsholongwane iphinda ivuseleleke kwaye yosulele ingqondo okanye ii-membrane ezigqume ubuchopho emva kokuba i-chickenpox iphilile.
- I-Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"eye shingles," oku kukuphinda kusebenze intsholongwane ye-VZV ejikeleze amehlo kunye nebunzi. Ingachaphazela nokubona.
- Isifo sikaRamsay-Hunt (Herpes zoster oticus): Esi sisifo apho intsholongwane ye-VZV ichaphazela khona imithambo-luvo ebusweni, nto leyo ebangela ukukhubazeka kobuso kwelinye icala lobuso. Isenokuhamba nentlungu yendlebe.
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster ichaphazeleka phi emzimbeni. Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:
- Ifiva.
- Ukurhawuzelela okunamadyungudyungu azaliswe ngamanzi (kwi-chickenpox, emzimbeni wonke, kwi-shingles, rhoqo kumgca omnye emzimbeni).
- Intlungu ebangelwa kukuqhambuka kwesikhumba (ingakumbi ii-shingles).
- Intloko ebuhlungu .
- Ubomvu kunye nokudumba kwamehlo (ingakumbi kwi-shingles yamehlo).
- Uvakalelo ekukhanyeni (amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) (i-Photophobia)
- Ukukhubazeka kobuso kwelinye icala lobuso (i-Ramsay-Hunt syndrome).
- Intlungu yendlebe.
- Intlungu yamazinyo (ngamanye amaxesha ibangelwa yimithambo-luvo yobuso).
Kwenzeka ntoni xa intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster ingena emzimbeni?
Makhe sibone indlela esebenza ngayo le ntsholongwane emizimbeni yethu.
Okokuqala, xa siqala ukufumana intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-primary infection), apho sifumana i-chickenpox, intsholongwane idla ngokungena kwindlela yethu yokuphefumla kuqala. Emva koko, intsholongwane ingena kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic, isasazeke emzimbeni wonke, kwaye ibangele izilonda ezirhawuzelelayo nezinamadyungudyungu (i-chickenpox).
Emva kokuba i-chickenpox iphilile, intsholongwane ye-VZV ihamba ngemithambo-luvo yethu ize ilale kwi-dorsal root ganglia kwi-spinal cord, ingabi nazimpawu. Kwabanye abantu, intsholongwane inokuthi iphinde ivele. Oku kulapho iimpawu ezifana nokurhawuzelela, iintlungu kunye nokudumba, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubuso bungabi nanto, ukudumba kwamehlo, kunye nentlungu yendlebe ziqala khona.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba le ntsholongwane inokuba namandla ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye ebomini.
Le ntsholongwane idla ngokubuyela umva xa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka . Umzekelo:
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
- Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba.
- Abantu abaneemeko ezenza amajoni omzimba abe buthathaka (umz. usulelo lwe-HIV, umhlaza).
- Abantu abanengxaki yoxinzelelo olukhulu.
Ifihla phi intsholongwane emzimbeni?
Xa ingasebenzi, intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster ihlala ngaphakathi kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo. Ngokukodwa, ifumaneka kakhulu kwi-"dorsal ganglia" ekhankanyiweyo apha kumqolo. Nangona kunjalo, le ntsholongwane inokufumaneka nakwi-"trigeminal nerve", imithambo-luvo ehamba ebusweni bethu.
Le ntsholongwane isosulela njani?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi oku.
- Kumntu one-chickenpox (usulelo oluphambili): Le ntsholongwane ingasasazeka ngokukhohlela, ukuthimla, kunye nokudibana ngqo namathontsi.
- Kumntu one-shingles (ukuvuselelwa kwentsholongwane): I-Shingles ingasasazeka ngokudibana ngqo nezilonda kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngamasuntswana eentsholongwane akhutshwa emoyeni avela kwizilonda.
Nantsi into ebalulekileyo: Iingcongconi azinakusasazwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Nangona kunjalo, umntu oneengcongconi unokufunyanwa yi-chickenpox kumntu ongazange abe ne-chickenpox ngaphambili kwaye ongazange agonywe i-chickenpox! Uyayazi?
Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?
Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga usulelo lwe-varicella-zoster ngokujonga iimpawu zakho kunye nezilonda eluswini lwakho. I-chickenpox kulula ukuyiqonda. I-shingles kulula ukuyiqonda ngokwendlela yezilonda kunye nentlungu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuqinisekileyo, isampuli yolwelo okanye isampuli yezicubu ezivela kwizilonda ithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe intsholongwane.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banika amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ukunyanga usulelo lwe-varicella-zoster. La mayeza asebenza ngokulawula amandla entsholongwane okwanda emzimbeni, ukunciphisa iimpawu, kunye nokukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza. Amanye amayeza aqhelekileyo ngala:
- I-Acyclovir (Zovirax®)
- I-Famciclovir (Famvir®)
- IValacyclovir (iValtrex®)
La mayeza kufuneka aqalwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile. Kulapho ke uya kufumana khona iziphumo ezininzi. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza xa ukrokrela ukuba une-chickenpox okanye i-shingles.
Ngaba intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster iyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni?
Hayi bo. Wakuba ufumene intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster, ihlala kwiiseli zakho zemithambo-luvo ubomi bakho bonke. Okwangoku akukho nyango lunokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane ye-VZV emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Kukho imigonyo enokunceda ukuthintela intsholongwane ukuba ingasebenzi kwakhona.
Ngawaphi amaxesha afanelekileyo okubonana nogqirha?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-chickenpox, okanye ukuba uneempawu ze-shingles (ingakumbi amadyungudyungu aneentlungu kwelinye icala lomzimba) , qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Angakunika iingcebiso malunga nonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nendlela yokuthintela ukusasazwa kwentsholongwane kwabanye.
Kunini apho kufuneka uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zifo zinokuba zinzulu. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane (ER) ngoko nangoko:
- Ukudideka okanye ukutshintsha kwesimo sengqondo.
- Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu.
- Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo.
- Ukubona ukwenzakala okanye umonakalo emehlweni.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Intamo eqinileyo.
- Ubunzima bokuvuka ebuthongweni.
Ezi mpawu zibonisa ukuba usulelo lunzima kwaye lusenokuba luchaphazele ingqondo okanye amanye amalungu abalulekileyo. Ngoko ke musa ukulibazisa.
Ngaba olu sulelo lwentsholongwane lunokuthintelwa?
Ewe! Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ukosuleleka yintsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster kukugonywa .
- Ukuthintela i-chickenpox: Ukufumana ugonyo lwe-chickenpox kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufumana i-chickenpox. Oku kukwabandakanyiwe kwinkqubo yokugonya yelizwe lethu.
- Thintela ii-shingles: Ukuba ukhe waba ne-chickenpox ngaphambili, ungafumana i-shingles vaccine ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana ii-shingles. Oku kudla ngokucetyiswa kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
Ukuba une-chickenpox, kuphephe ukudibana nabanye abantu de izilonda ziphiliswe ngokupheleleyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala kude nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka. Ukuba une-shingles, gcina izilonda zigqunyiwe. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela intsholongwane ukuba ingasasazeki kwabanye, ingakumbi abo bangenayo i-chickenpox. Lumka ngakumbi kubantwana nakubantu abadala abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka kwiindawo ezifana nezikolo kunye namaziko okugcina abantwana.
Ingaba i-varicella-zoster iyafana ne-chickenpox okanye i-shingles?
Makhe ndicacise kancinci apha. I-Varicella-Zoster ligama lentsholongwane.
- I-Chickenpox sisifo esenzeka xa intsholongwane ye-VZV ingena emzimbeni okokuqala .
- Iingcongconi (kwaye azifane zibekho nezinye izifo ezifana ne-meningitis) sisifo esenzeka xa intsholongwane efanayo iphinda ibuyele emzimbeni kamva.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweHerpes Zoster kunye neVaricella-Zoster Virus?
Oku kukwayinto abantu abaninzi abayididayo. I-Herpes Zoster lelinye igama le-Shingles. Ngoko ke, usulelo olubangelwa kukuvuselelwa kwe-varicella-zoster virus lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-herpes zoster. Oku kuthetha ukuba zombini zibhekisa kwimeko efanayo, enye yi-virus (VZV), kwaye enye sisifo esibangelwa yiyo (Shingles/Herpes Zoster).
Ngoko ke, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Ngoko ke, kuyo yonke le ntetho, ungakhumbula izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo.
Ukongeza kwisifo esicaphukisayo senkukhu ebuntwaneni, intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster inokuhlala emizimbeni yethu ubomi bonke kwaye ibangele iintlungu ezinkulu zemithambo-luvo kunye nezinye iingxaki kamva ebomini.
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Nangona kunjalo, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba, ngenxa yemigonyo ephumeleleyo, uninzi lwabantu alusoze lufumane ezi zifo ze-VZV.
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Kwanabo babene-chickenpox ngaphambili, ukufumana isitofu sokugonyela iishingles kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba intsholongwane ye-varicella-zoster ibangele ingxaki kwakhona.
Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho malunga nosulelo lwakho nolomntwana wakho lwe-varicella-zoster kunye nomngcipheko wokuba luphinde lusebenze. Uza kukuchazela iindlela ezilungileyo zokuzikhusela kwizifo ezinzulu, ngoku nakwixesha elizayo. Hlala usempilweni!
Intsholongwane yeVaricella -zoster, iVZV, inkukhu, i-chickenpox, i-herpes zoster, ii-shingles, usulelo lwentsholongwane
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