Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba xa ume ixesha elide okanye njengoko ukhula, imilenze yakho iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ize ibonakale inamaqhina? Abanye abantu banemilenze evuvukileyo, erhabaxa, nenzima. Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba sisifo semithambo yegazi. Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto kunye nonyango lwayo ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni isifo semithambo yegazi?
Kulungile, masiqale sibone ukuba yintoni le. Sineentlobo ezimbini zemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Enye yimithambo yegazi, ethwala igazi elicocekileyo lisuka entliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke. Enye yimithambo yegazi, ethwala igazi elingcolileyo libuyela entliziyweni.
Cinga ngale mithambo yegazi njengeendlela eziya kwicala elinye . Le mizila ineengcango ezincinci ezithintela igazi ukuba liphume libuyele umva. Sizibiza ngokuba ziivalvu. Ezi ngcango ziyavuleka xa igazi linyuka, zize ziphinde zivale ukuze igazi lingaphumi libuyele umva.
Ngoku, isifo semithambo yegazi kuxa loo nkqubo ingahambi kakuhle. Ingakumbi kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-venous insufficiency, ezo ngcango zincinci endizikhankanyileyo, iivalvu, azisebenzi kakuhle. Xa zingavalwa kakuhle, igazi liqala ukuhamba ngasemva endaweni yokuya phezulu, okanye lihlale limile. Kulapho kuvela khona iingxaki.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zezifo zemithambo yegazi
Xa kufikwa kwisifo semithambo yegazi, akukho hlobo lunye kuphela, kodwa kukho iimeko ezininzi phantsi kwaso.
- Amahlwili egazi: Ukwakheka kwehlwili legazi ngaphakathi emthanjeni.
- Ukungakwazi Kwemithambo Engapheliyo (CVI): Imeko apho iivalvu kwimithambo yemilenze ziba buthathaka kwaye igazi lingahambi kakuhle libuyele entliziyweni.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Ihlwili legazi elenzeka kumthambo omkhulu, onzulu ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Le yimeko enobungozi kancinci.
- I-Pulmonary Embolism: Ihlwili legazi, elifana ne-DVT, eliphuma emthanjeni lize lihlale emthanjeni osemiphungeni. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo.
- I-Exficial thrombophlebitis: Ukudumba komthambo ongaphantsi kolusu ngegazi eliqhekekileyo.
- Imithambo yeVaricose kunye neyesigcawu: Imithambo ebonakala idumbile, ivuvukile, kwaye iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa, ibonakala eluswini.
Ngabaphi oogqirha abanyanga ezi zifo?
Ukuba unengxaki efana nale, uza kunyangwa ngugqirha onolwazi kule ndawo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeengcali.
1. Ugqirha weyeza lemithambo yegazi:Aba gqirha baxilonga baze banike amayeza ezifo zemithambo yegazi. Banokwenza neenkqubo ezingangenisi kakhulu.
2. Ugqirha ohlinzayo ngemithambo yegazi: Aba gqirha bayakwazi ukuxilonga nokunyanga izifo. Nangona kunjalo, bakwanazo noqeqesho olukhethekileyo lokwenza utyando ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Xa uqala ukubona ugqirha wakho wosapho (GP), uza kuvavanya imeko yakho aze akuthumele kwingcali efana nale ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezingasebenzisi utyando?
Ayizizo zonke imithambo evuvukileyo efuna utyando. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zinokulawulwa ngonyango olulula, olungelulo utyando. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zisetyenziswa kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Ukuthintela ukugabha kwegazi: Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba zizinto ezinciphisa igazi. La mayeza athintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi kwaye anqande amahlwili akhoyo ukuba abe makhulu. La abaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko ezifana ne-DVT.
- Iikawusi zokucinezelwa: Ezi azifani neekawusi eziqhelekileyo. Ezi kawusi zicinezela imilenze. Kufana nomntu ozicinezelayo. Olu xinzelelo lunceda igazi elisemilenzeni ukuba linyuke liye entliziyweni, endaweni yokuba lime nkqo.
- Utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo: Nokuba utshintsho oluncinci kwimikhwa yakho yemihla ngemihla lunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
- Ukwenza umthambo, njengokuhamba .
- Xa uhleli, phakamisa imilenze yakho njengesitulo .
- Ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba .
- I-Sclerotherapy: Olu lunyango olukhethekileyo lwemithambo yegazi evuvukileyo. Isisombululo esikhethekileyo sifakwa kumthambo onengxaki. Esi sisombululo sibangela ukuba umthambo udumbe, uvuvuke, kwaye ungasebenzi. Ukuhamba kwegazi kuloo mthambo kuyayeka kwaye igazi liqala ukuhamba ngemithambo ephilileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umzimba uyawufunxa umthambo ongasebenziyo.
Unyango olusebenzisa i-catheter
I-catheter yityhubhu encinci kakhulu neguquguqukayo . Kolu nyango, ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci kakhulu eluswini aze afake le tyhubhu incinci emthanjeni. Inzuzo yezi ndlela kukuba akukho mngxuma mkhulu, ngoko ke ixesha lokuphiliswa lifutshane kwaye umngcipheko weengxaki uphantsi.
| Indlela yonyango (Inkqubo) | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni? |
|---|---|
| I-Angioplasty | Ibhaluni encinci ekupheleni kwe-catheter ivuthelwa ngaphakathi kwe-artery evalekileyo. Oku kuvula i-artery evalekileyo kwaye kubuyisele ukuhamba kwegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh ebizwa ngokuba yi-stent ifakwa ngaphakathi ukuze ithintelwe ukuba ingavaleki kwakhona. |
| Unyango lwe-thrombolytic oluqondiswe kwi-catheter | Iyeza elinokunyibilikisa ihlwili legazi lifakwa nge-catheter ukuya kwindawo apho ihlwili likhona. Eli yeza lingena ngqo kwihlwili, lize linyibilike kwiiyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa. |
| Ukususwa kobushushu obungenamda | Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba lunyango lwelaser. Apha, imisebe yelaser okanye amandla obushushu asetyenziselwa ukutshisa umthambo onengxaki ngaphakathi kwaye uwenze ungasebenzi. Emva koko, igazi liyayeka ukuhamba kuloo mthambo, kwaye imithambo elungileyo yenza umsebenzi. |
| Isihluzi seVena cava | Esi sisihluzo esifana nesambrela esincinci. Sifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu, iVena Cava. Esi sihluzo sithintela amahlwili egazi ayenzeka emilenzeni ukuba angaphuki aze aye entliziyweni okanye emiphungeni. Sifana nomnatha wokubamba uthuli. Sinokubekwa okwethutyana okanye ngokusisigxina. |
Unyango ngotyando
Kwezinye iimeko, utyando luyimfuneko.
Kunini apho kufuneka khona utyando?
- Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango ezilula azizange zivelise iziphumo eziphumelelayo.
- Ukuba isifo sakho semithambo yegazi siphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza nto.
- Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nesifo esiyingozi esifana ne-DVT okanye i-pulmonary embolism.
Iintlobo eziphambili zotyando
- Ukubopha kunye nokususa: Imithambo ye-Varicose isuswa ngotyando ngokubopha umthambo uze uwususe ngokupheleleyo.
- Utyando lwe-SEPS (Utyando lwe-Subfascial Endoscopic Perforator):Olu lutyando olunzima kancinci. Lwenziwa kubantu abanezilonda zemithambo emilenzeni yabo ezingapholiyo ngenxa yemithambo eyonakeleyo. Imithambo eyonakeleyo iyanqunyulwa kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kuthunyelwa kwimithambo ephilileyo.
- Utyando lokudlula igazi: Kufana nokwakha i-bypass ukuze kudlule i-blockage emthanjeni. Ukuba kukho i-blockage emthanjeni ethintela igazi ukuba lingaphumi, ugqirha wakho uza kudala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lijikeleze i-blockage. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa icandelo lomthambo wakho okanye ityhubhu yokwenziwa.
Ngaba ezi zifo zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Kwezinye iimeko, ewe. Umzekelo, ukuba unemithambo yegazi ephukileyo, ukususa loo mthambo kuya kuyisombulula ngokupheleleyo ingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, akuyi kuyithintela imithambo yegazi emitsha ephukileyo ukuba ivele kwenye indawo.
Kodwa ayizizo zonke izifo zemithambo-luvo ezinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha injongo yonyango kukulawula iimpawu nokuthintela iingxaki eziyingozi, ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni.
Umzekelo, isihluzi se-vena cava sithintela amahlwili egazi ukuba angahambi aye emiphungeni, kodwa asisusi amahlwili akhoyo. Izinto zokunciphisa igazi zithintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili amatsha, kodwa azinyibilikisi akhoyo. Ngoko ke injongo yonyango iya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi zonyango?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, ezi ndlela zonyango zinezibonelelo kunye neengozi ezithile.
Eyona nzuzo iphambili kukukhuselwa kwiingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Ikwabonelela ngokukhululeka kwiimpawu ezinokuphazamisa ubomi bemihla ngemihla, ezinje:
- Intlungu yesisu okanye umqolo
- Imithambo evuvukileyo
- Ubunzima kunye nobuhlungu emilenzeni
- Izilonda ezirhawuzelelayo okanye ezingapholiyo
- Ukudumba
Xa sithetha ngeengozi, izinto ezinciphisa igazi ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela ukopha okungafunekiyo. Kukho ithuba elincinci lokosuleleka ngenxa yotyando nezinye iinkqubo.
Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, iingenelo zonyango ngokuqinisekileyo zingaphezulu kweengozi ezincinci. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba loluphi unyango olungcono nolukhuselekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho yempilo.
Ixesha lokuchacha kunye nexesha lokubona ugqirha
Emva konyango usebenzisa i-catheter, unokubuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utyando olukhulu, kungathatha iiveki ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva konyango okanye utyando, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Iintlungu zesifuba | - Intloko ebuhlungu |
| - Ukopha okuqhubekayo okanye olunye ulwelo oluvela kwinxeba lotyando | - Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza |
| - Ifiva | - Intlungu okanye ukudumba okujikeleze inxeba (ukudumba) |
| - Ukuba ndindisholo ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni | -Ububomvu okanye ubushushu obujikeleze inxeba |
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Zisenokuba luphawu losulelo okanye enye ingxaki.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo semithambo yegazi sisifo esenzeka xa iivalvu (amasango) kwimithambo yegazi zingasebenzi kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi lihlale okanye libuyele umva.
- Imithambo ye-Varicose, ukudumba kwemilenze, kunye nobunzima emilenzeni ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zale meko.
- Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zoku, kuquka amayeza, iikawusi ezikhethekileyo, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, unyango lwe-catheter, kunye notyando.
- Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olufanele imeko yakho.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga emva konyango, ezinje ngeentlungu zesifuba, umkhuhlane, okanye ukopha enxebeni, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ungoyiki, ngonyango oluphambili lwanamhlanje, abantu abaninzi banokulawula ezi meko baze baphile ubomi obupheleleyo nobusebenzayo.
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