Ingaba ingalo yakho idumbile kwaye iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Ngaba oku kungaba yiVenous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (VTOS)? Masifumanise!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ingalo yakho ngequbuliso iva intlungu engaqhelekanga okanye ubunzima? Mhlawumbi idumbile kwaye iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Sihlala sicinga ukuba oku kukukruneka nje okanye into eyenzeka ngenxa yokudinwa. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwezi mpawu zibonakala zilula, kufuneka silumke ngakumbi, njengoko kunokubakho imeko yezonyango engaziwayo kakhulu efihliweyo emva kwayo. Enye yezi meko yi-'Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome'. Nangona igama lisenokubonakala lide kancinci, masiliqonde ngokulula.

Yintoni iVenous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (VTOS)?

Ngamafutshane, i-Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (okanye i-VTOS ngamafutshane) yimeko apho umthambo emzimbeni wethu, obizwa ngokuba yi-vein, ucinezelwa. Le mithambo ithwala igazi elisetyenzisiweyo, okanye igazi elinomoya-mpilo ophantsi, libuyela entliziyweni nasemaphaphu lisuka kwizicubu zomzimba wethu. Kwi-VTOS, umthambo oyintloko ochaphazelekayo yi-subclavian vein, efumaneka ngasemva kwe-collarbone (clavicle). Lo mthambo ufumaneka egxalabeni.

Indawo apho lo mthambo udlula khona ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Thoracic outlet)`. Yicinge njengombhobho wamanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba le ndlela ivalekile, kulapho ingxaki iqala khona. Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kumntu one-`VTOS`. `(Subclavian vein)` icinezelwa ngaphakathi kule `(Thoracic outlet)`. Kulapho ubona khona izinto ezifana nentlungu engalweni, ukudumba, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umbala ungangeni. Elinye igama lale meko yi-`Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS).`

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana le meko?

Nangona le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'VTOS' inokukhula nakubani na, abanye abantu banokuba nayo.

• Abafazi abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50 badla ngokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba ne-'Thoracic Outlet Syndrome' (eyona nkalo inkulu apho i-'VTOS' ingena khona).
• Kwakhona, abo badlala imidlalo equka ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwengalo negxalaba (umzekelo, i-volleyball, i-tennis, ukudada, i-baseball) okanye abo basebenza kwimisebenzi equka ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo (cinga, umntu ophakamisa ingalo yakhe imini yonke ukupakisha izinto, okanye umntu osebenzisa ingalo yakhe ngendlela efanayo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa) basengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa le meko.

Ngaba i-VTOS ingaba yingozi? Zithini iingxaki?

Ewe, i-'VTOS' yimeko enokuba yingozi ukuba asiyinaki. Kuba, xa loo mthambo ucinezelwe, ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kuwo kuyavaleka. Emva koko amahlwili egazi anokwakheka ngaphakathi kwe-'Subclavian vein'. Ngenxa yezi hlwili zegazi, ukuhamba kwegazi engalweni nasesandleni kunokuvaleka ngokupheleleyo.

Akuphelelanga apho, ngamanye amaxesha eli hlwili legazi linokwaphuka lize lidlule kwimithambo yegazi liye emiphungeni. Loo nto yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Pulmonary embolism". Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, iimpawu ezifana nentlungu eqatha esifubeni ngequbuliso, ukukhohlela, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla zinokubakho.Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zeThoracic Outlet Syndrome, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki.

Kutheni le nto i-VTOS yenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Umthambo we-subclavian uphakathi kwe-collarbone (clavicle) yethu kunye nembambo yokuqala, kwaye uthwala igazi elivela engalweni yethu ukuya entliziyweni yethu. Uninzi lwabantu lunendawo eyaneleyo yokuba lo mthambo udlule ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu bazalwa benesithuba esincinci.

Kwabo bantu, xa iingalo namagxa abo esetyenziswa rhoqo nangokuphindaphindiweyo, imithambo ekwelo cala limxinwa inokuba sengozini yokucinezelwa okanye yokucinezelwa. Olu xinzelelo lunokuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye lukhokelele ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.

Ukongeza kwesi sizathu siphambili, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuba kubekho i-'VTOS':

• Ukutyeba kakhulu : Xa sityeba kakhulu, kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kumalungu ethu. Oko kunokuchaphazela oku.
• Ukulimala emzimbeni : Ukwenzakala egxalabeni okanye entanyeni ngenxa yengozi yemoto okanye ukuwa.
• Indlela esima ngayo : Indlela esihlala ngayo nesima ngayo. Indlela esima ngayo inokubangela uxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko kule ndawo.
• Ukukhulelwa : Le meko inokwenzeka ngamanye amaxesha xa kukho utshintsho emzimbeni ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Iintshukumo eziphindaphindayo : Njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, xa uphinda-phinda ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphosa ibhola, ukuphakamisa izinto ngaphezulu kwentloko yakho, okanye ukujija into efana nenduku yebhola ngokukhawuleza.

Zithini kanye kanye iimpawu ze-VTOS?

Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abane-'VTOS' bafumana iimpawu esandleni esinye nasesandleni. Nazi iimpawu eziphambili:

• Ukuziva iintlungu okanye iintlungu esandleni .
• Ulusu olusesandleni lujika lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mfusa .
• Ukuziva unzima esandleni.
• Ukudumba .
• Ngamanye amaxesha imithambo ekwelinye icala legxalaba, ingalo, okanye isifuba iqala ukubonakala ngokucacileyo .

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kulungile ukuba ukhathazeke ngazo.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-VTOS? Zithini iimvavanyo?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-'VTOS', ugqirha uza kuqala ahlole igxalaba lakho, intamo, kunye nengalo. Baza kuyishukumisa ingalo yakho iye phambili nangasemva kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga ukuba intshukumo yakho ingakanani.

Ukongeza, uza kubuzwa ngeempawu zakho kwaye uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luza kuhlolwa. Ukuba ugqirha urhanela ukuba une-VTOS, uza kucebisa ukuba kwenziwe ezinye iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ukuze kuhlolwe indawo ephuma kuyo isifuba.

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba une-VTOS:

Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ludla ngokusetyenziswa koku. Oko kukuthi, uvavanyo olunokujonga imithambo yegazi, ezinye izakhiwo, kunye nokuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni.

• (Iskeni ye-CT)Oku kuquka ukuqondisa ii-X-reyi kwiikona ezahlukeneyo nokusebenzisa ikhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha, njengecandelo elinqamlezileyo, lenxalenye yomzimba efanelekileyo.
• (MRI) : Oku kusebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo ukuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba.
• I-Ultrasound : Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukujonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kunokujonga nokuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi.
• (I-Venogram) : Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo kancinci. Apha, ityhubhu encinci, ebhityileyo (`(catheter)`) kunye nolwelo olukhethekileyo (`(contrast dye)`) zidluliselwa emthanjeni, emva koko kuthathwa umfanekiso we-`X-ray``. Olu lwelo lwenza imithambo ibonakale ngokucacileyo.
• (i-X-reyi) : I-X-reyi eqhelekileyo ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki emathanjeni.

Ugqirha unokufumanisa ukuba unayo na i-VTOS ngokwenza olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-VTOS?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zonyango lwe-VTOS: olungelulo utyando nolutyando. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha uya kuqala azame ukunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi ukuba akhona. Oku kwenziwa ngokunika amayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi (i-anticoagulants) . Umzekelo, banokunika i-Warfarin (Coumadin®) okanye i-anticoagulants yomlomo ngqo (Xarelto®) okanye i-Eliquis®.

Emva kokuba ihlwili linyibilikile, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kuthintelwe ukwakheka kwehlwili kwakhona nokunciphisa uxinzelelo emthanjeni . Ngexesha lotyando, ugqirha unokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Susa naziphi na izicwili okanye ii-ligaments ezingaphaya kwemfuneko ezijikeleze umthambo we-subclavian ezinokubangela uxinzelelo kumthambo.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuhamba kwegazi kunokudluliselwa kwenye indawo ukuze kudlule imithambo eyonakeleyo kwaye kubuyiselwe ukuhamba kwegazi okuqhelekileyo.

Ugqirha uza kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukufaneleyo, ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi yokuba ne-VTOS?

Nangona kungekho ndlela yokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukwenzeka kwe-'VTOS', kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umonakalo obangelwa zezi ngxaki:

• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obuhambelana neminyaka yakho, isini, kunye nohlobo lomzimba wakho.
• Kuphephe ukuthwala iingxowa ezinzima egxalabeni elinye kuphela. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iingxowa ezisasaza ubunzima.
• Nciphisa iintshukumo eziphindaphindwayo ngaphezulu. Ukuba kufuneka wenze oku, thatha ikhefu phakathi kwazo.
• Yenza umthambo oqinisa amahlombe akho. Uqeqesho lokuxhathisa okanye ukuphakamisa iintsimbi lunokunceda koku.
• Yenza umthambo wokuzolula entanyeni, emagxeni, nakwindawo yesifuba yonke imihla.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo, ungawunciphisa lo mngcipheko ngandlela ithile.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzazi malunga ne-VTOS (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, i-`Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome` yimeko echaphazela `(umthambo weSubclavian)` wethu. Lo mthambo unokucinezelwa, ubangele ukudumba, ukutshintsha umbala, kunye nentlungu engalweni. Ukuba indlela eya kuloo mthambo emzimbeni wakho incinci ngokwendalo, okanye ukuba unomsebenzi osebenzisa igxalaba lakho nengalo rhoqo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ne-`VTOS`.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuba le meko ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki eziyingozi ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uzibona iimpawu kwangethuba kwaye uqale unyango ngokukhawuleza, unokufumana iziphumo ezingcono kakhulu. Uphando lufumanise nokuba ukuqala unyango kwiintsuku ezili-14 zokuqala emva kokuqala kweempawu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okufumana iziphumo eziphumelelayo .

Ngoko ke, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, nceda ungazityesheli kwaye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Uza kukuhlola aze akuxelele ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo. Akukho nto inokubangela ixhala, kodwa kubalulekile ukwenza ngokukhawuleza!

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, ungabuza ugqirha wakho:

• Ingaba yintoni enokubangela ukuba ndibe nezi mpawu?
• Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizenze?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ngaba unyango olungelulo utyando luya kuziphucula iimpawu zam?
• Zeziphi iinguqu endinokuzitshintsha kwindlela endiphila ngayo ukuze ndinciphise ezi mpawu?

Kungcono ukubuza imibuzo efana nale ukuze uqonde imeko yakho ngcono.

I- Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, i-VTOS, i-Paget-Schroetter syndrome, i-subclavian vein, i-blood clot, i-pulmonary embolism, ukudumba kwengalo, iintlungu zengalo, ukudumba kwengalo, iintlungu zengalo, i-blood clot, i-thoracic outlet syndrome, i-venous thromboembolism