Ngaba uthetha kakhulu ekhaya, kodwa uthule esikolweni? Oku kusenokuba yiSelective Mutism!

Ngaba umntwana wakho, ohlala ebaleka edlala ekhaya aze adlule bonke abanye ngokuthetha kwakhe, ngequbuliso uthula ngathi sisithixo selitye esikolweni, endlwini yesalamane, okanye xa edibana nomntu omtsha? Nokuba umcela kangakanani na ukuba athethe, ngaba uhlala ethule aze ahlale yedwa, ngokungathi uyoyika? Abazali abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kukuzivala okanye ukuba nenkani komntwana, kodwa kunokuba yinto enzulu ngaphezu koko. Namhlanje sithetha ngale 'kuthula kokukhetha' okanye, ngokwezonyango, i-Selective Mutism .

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Selective Mutism?

I-Selective mutism sisifo sokuxhalaba esichaphazela abantwana. Kule meko, umntwana unokuthetha kakuhle, kodwa kwiimeko ezithile zentlalo (umzekelo, esikolweni, phambi kwezalamane) ulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kubuchule bokuthetha.

Ekhaya, kwindawo apho baziva beqhelene kwaye bekhuselekile khona (nomama, utata, abantakwabo noodadewabo), aba bantwana bathetha kakhulu. Kodwa xa bephuma kuloo ndawo, umzekelo, xa besiya kwigumbi lokufundela, xa utitshala ebuza umbuzo, bathula cwaka. Ngamanye amaxesha banokuhlebeza kancinci kangangokuba ngumhlobo kuphela onokubava.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili zomntwana one-Selective Mutism?

Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka kumntwana ngamnye, kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinokubonwa zifana.

• Ukuthetha ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo endiziqhelileyo: Ekhaya, ndiyakwazi ukuthetha nabazali bam kunye nabantakwethu ngaphandle kweengxaki.
• Ukungathethi kwiimeko ezithile zentlalo: Ukuthetha kuyaphela ngokupheleleyo kwiindawo ezifana nesikolo, kwiipati, okanye phambi kwezalamane.
• Ukubonisa iimpawu zokukhathazeka: Umntwana uyoyika kwaye akaphumli xa engakwazi ukuthetha. Abanye banamathela kunina okanye kuyise. Imbonakalo yobuso iyatshintsha, kwaye ibukeka ngathi iqinile.
• Ukusebenzisa izinto endaweni yamagama: Nangona bengakwazi ukuthetha, bazama ukunxibelelana ngokunqwala iintloko, ukukhomba, okanye ukubhala.
• Le meko ihlala ixesha elingaphezu kwenyanga: Kuqhelekile ukuba umntwana athule okwethutyana kwinyanga yokuqala yesikolo esitsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba olu xolo luqhubeka ixesha elingaphezu kwenyanga, yinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe.

Ingaba oku kuhlazo nje? Okanye yinto engaphezulu koko?

Le yeyona ngxaki inkulu abantu abaninzi abanayo. Abazali abaninzi bacinga ukuba, "Umntwana wam uneentloni kakhulu, yiyo loo nto engathethi." KodwaUkukhetha ukungavisisani kunye nokuba neentloni ngokubanzi zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Khawuthelekelele, xa umntwana oneentloni eya kwindawo entsha, uqala ngokuthula, kodwa emva kwexesha elithile uyaqhela imeko-bume, kancinci kancinci aqalise ukuthetha. Kodwa umntwana oneSelective Mutism akanakukwenza oko. Kwimeko-bume, ulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kukwazi ukuthetha. Yinto engaphaya kwamandla akhe.

Ingaba le yi-autism? Okanye kukucotha kokuthetha?

Le yindawo apho abantu abaninzi badideka khona.

• I-Autism: Abanye abantwana abane-autism banokuba nokulibaziseka kokuthetha okanye ukuziphatha okungekho lizwi. Nangona kunjalo, i-autism sisifo esibanzi sophuhliso kunesifo sokuxhalaba. Ingabandakanya nezinye iimpawu, ezinje ngobunzima bokuqonda iimpawu zentlalo, imiba yeemvakalelo, kunye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo. Abantwana abane-Selective Mutism badla ngokukwazi ukuqonda imbonakalo yobuso kunye neemvakalelo zabanye.
• Ukulibaziseka kolwimi: Ukuba umntwana oneminyaka emibini ubudala akathethi nelilodwa igama, singakujonga njengokulibaziseka kolwimi. Kodwa ukuba umntwana oneminyaka emithandathu ubudala uthetha kakuhle ekhaya kodwa esikolweni kuphela, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yiSelective Mutism.

Kutheni abantwana befumana le meko?

Isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikafunyanwa, kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oku.

• Ukuthambekela ekuxhalabeni: Uninzi lwaba bantwana luzalwa lunesimo sengqondo sokuxhalaba phakathi kwabantu.
• Imbali yosapho:Omnye umntu kusapho, ingakumbi abazali, unengxaki yokuxhalaba okanye ukuba neentloni kakhulu.
• Iingxaki zokuthetha nolwimi: Abanye abantwana banokuba neengxaki zokuthetha okanye zolwimi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba boyike ukuthetha phambi kwabanye.
• Imiba ebuthathaka: Abanye abantwana banengxaki yokumelana nezihlwele kunye nengxolo enkulu. Kwiindawo ezinjalo, bathula njengendlela yokuzikhusela.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le meko?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unale mpawu, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wabantwana.

Ugqirha ulandela amanyathelo aliqela ukuze afumanise esi sifo.

1. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Okokuqala, kwenziwa uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki yomzimba kumalungu okuva nawokuthetha omntwana (umlomo, ulwimi, imithambo yelizwi).

2. Imibuzo Yophuhliso: Uza kubuzwa imibuzo eneenkcukacha malunga nophuhliso lomntwana wakho, iindlela zokuziphatha, kunye nembali yosapho ukususela ekuzalweni kwakhe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

3. Ukuthunyelwa kwiNgcali yeNtetho: Ungathunyelwa kwiNgcali yezifo zoLwimi lweNtetho ukuze uvavanye izakhono zokuthetha nolwimi zomntwana wakho.

4. Inkxaso evela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo: Ekubeni le meko inxulumene nokuxhalaba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthumela umntwana kwingcali yezengqondo okanye kwingcali yezengqondo enamava kwimpilo yengqondo yomntwana. Ngabo abanokuqinisekisa ukuba le meko yiSelective Mutism kwaye baphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kumntwana.

Unganceda njani njengomzali okanye utitshala?

Inkxaso yabazali, ootitshala kunye nosapho ibalulekile ekunyangeni le meko.

Oko abazali banokukwenza:

• Ukuqonda: Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqonde kukuba oku akubangelwa kukungafuni komntwana, kodwa kunoko kuthetha into eyahlukileyo ngenxa yokuxhalaba okungalawulekiyo.
• Musa ukumnyanzela: Ungaze umnyanzele umntwana wakho ukuba athethe. Ukwenza njalo kuya kwandisa ixhala lomntwana. Musa ukuthi izinto ezinje, "Vula umlomo wakho uthethe!"
• Yiba nomonde: Le meko ithatha ixesha ukuphiliswa. Yiba nomonde ngomntwana wakho. Mncome ngempumelelo yakhe encinci (umz., ukuncumela umntu, ukunqwala intloko).
• Landela icebiso lezonyango: Landela imiyalelo enikwe ngugqirha womntwana wakho kunye nogqirha wengqondo ngokuchanekileyo.

Oko kunokwenziwa ngootitshala:

• Ukungamhoyi umntwana:Nokuba umntwana akathethi, qonda ukuba useklasini kwaye unike ingqalelo kwizifundo.
• Ukubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: Vumela ezinye iindlela ezinje ngokubhala, ukuzoba, okanye ukunqwala ukuze kuphendulwe imibuzo.
• Ukudala indawo ekhuselekileyo: Yenza indawo apho umntwana wakho azive ekhuselekile khona eklasini. Mbeke ecaleni komhlobo omthembileyo.
• Ukuqonda: Chazela abanye abantwana ngale meko ngendlela elula, kwaye ubakhuthaze ukuba bancede lo mntwana kwaye bangamkhethi.

Oko kunokwenziwa ngabantakwabo nabahlobo:

• Musa ukuzenza ikheswa: Musa ukuzenza ikheswa umntwana wakho, mbandakanye kwimidlalo. Nokuba akathethi, usenokudlala.
• Ukukhuselwa ekuxhatshazweni: Ukuba abanye abantwana bayamhlekisa lo mntwana ngamagama anje "isidenge", thetha ngokuchasene noko kwaye wazise ootitshala.
• Ukunceda: Xa umntwana efuna ukuthetha into ethile, mncede ayithethe egameni lakhe (ngemvume yomntwana).