Ingabe amalunga engane yakho ahlala ebuhlungu? Ake sixoxe ngesifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JIA)!

Ingabe ingane yakho ikhala ngobuhlungu bamalunga? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi iba nenkinga yokuhamba ekuseni? Uma kunjalo, lolu lwazi luzoba lubaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa esilawulekayo esithinta izingane ezincane. Leso yisifo samathambo esingavamile ezinganeni, noma njengoba thina odokotela sisibiza kanjalo, `(Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis)` noma `(JIA)`.

Kuyini isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JIA)? Masiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, `(JIA)` uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-arthritis ezinganeni. Kuyisifo esingamahlalakhona , okusho ukuthi singathinta ingane isikhathi eside. Kungathinta noma yiliphi ilunga emzimbeni wengane.

Cabanga ngakho, umzimba wethu unesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Yilokho okusivikela ezifweni. Kodwa '(JIA)' yisifo 'esivikela umzimba' . Lokho kusho ukuthi, isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba somntwana siqu sihlasela ngephutha izingxenye zomzimba waso, ikakhulukazi izicubu '(synovium)' kanye noketshezi lwamalunga ngaphakathi kwamalunga. Kufana nesela eligqekeza endlini yakho.

Ngenxa yalokhu kushaya, i-synovium ikhiqiza uketshezi oluningi lwamalunga. Yilapho amalunga evuvukala, eba buhlungu, futhi ezwakale eqinile.

Lokhu kusabela kwamasosha omzimba kanye nokuvuvukala okubangelwa yilokhu kungathinta nezicubu ezizungezile, ekugcineni kulimaze i-cartilage namathambo. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungathinta nezinye izingxenye zomzimba wengane, ikakhulukazi amehlo. Uma kungelashwa, i-JIA ingaphazamisa ukukhula nokukhula kwengane okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okuhle, ikhwalithi yokuphila kwengane ingathuthuka kakhulu.

I-JIA uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-arthritis ezinganeni. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ingane eyodwa kweziyi-1,000 e-United States iyodwa inalesi simo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-(JIA)?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ze-JIA. Lezi zihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ezimpawini kanye nenani lamalunga athintekile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

I-JIA ye-Oligoarticular

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Oligoarthritis)`. Kulolu hlobo , kuthinteka amalunga angaphansi kwamahlanu . Ngokuvamile, kuthinteka amalunga afana namadolo, amaqakala, nezindololwane. Kungathinta namehlo, okubizwa ngokuthi `(Uveitis)`. Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukukubona ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Cishe ingxenye yezingane ezine `(JIA)` zingabalolu hlobo. Kuvame kakhulu emantombazaneni. Iningi lezingane lingaqeda lesi simo ngesikhathi sezikhula. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izingane, singasakazekela emalungeni amaningi.

I-JIA ye-Polyarticular

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-Polyarthritis". Kulolu hlobo , amalunga amahlanu noma ngaphezulu ayathinteka.Kuthinta amalunga afanayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba. Kungathinta namalunga entanyeni, emhlathini, kanye namalunga amancane ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Kuvame kakhulu nasemantombazaneni. Cishe ama-20% eziguli ezine-`(JIA)` angalolu hlobo.

I-JIA ye-Psoriatic

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Psoriatic Arthritis)`. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ine-arthritis kanye nesifo sesikhumba `(Psoriasis)` (isimo esibangela amabala abomvu esikhumbeni, njengezikali zesiliva ebusweni besikhumba). Kodwa-ke, uma ingane ingenayo `(Psoriasis)` kodwa inezinye izimpawu, isibonelo, ukuvuvukala komunwe noma uzwane, izinguquko ezithile ezinzipho, noma uma isihlobo sokuqala emndenini sine `(Psoriasis), lesi simo singatholakala njenge `(Psoriatic JIA)`.

I-Spondyloarthritis Yabantwana

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Axial Spondyloarthritis).` Lolu hlobo lwe-arthritis luthinta umgogodla, amalunga esinqe, kanye `(Entheses)` (izindawo lapho imisipha nemisipha inamathela khona emathanjeni). Kungabangela nokubomvu nobuhlungu emehlweni. Kubonakala kakhulu kubafana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-7.

I-JIA Ehlelekile

Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi `(Isifo sikaJuvenile Still)`. Cishe u-10% kuya ku-20% wezingane ezine `(JIA)` zinalolu hlobo. ``Systemic`` kusho ukuthi umzimba wonke noma izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba zingathinteka. Ngaphezu kwe-arthritis, i-`systemic`(JIA)` ivame ukubangela umkhuhlane ophakeme oqhubekayo kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba . Lokhu kuqubuka kuvela esiqwini, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somkhuhlane. Kungathinta nezitho zangaphakathi njengenhliziyo, isibindi, udende, kanye nama-lymph node. Lolu hlobo lwe-`(JIA)` aluvamile ukuthinta amehlo. Luthinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane ngokulinganayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-(JIA)?

Izimpawu ze-JIA zingahluka kuye ngohlobo. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Ubomvu, ubuhlungu bamehlo, kanye nokungaboni kahle (ikakhulukazi uma une-uveitis)
• Ukukhathala noma ukucasuka njalo
• Umkhuhlane (ikakhulukazi ku-JIA yesistimu)
• Ukuhamba uxhuga (ngenxa yobuhlungu bamalunga)
• Ukuqina kwamalunga ekuseni (ukuzizwa sengathi kunzima ukugoba amalunga akho lapho uvuka ekuseni)
• Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma umuzwa wokufudumala emalungeni
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele
• Ukwehla kwesisindo noma ukwehluleka ukukhula

Khumbula, akuzona zonke lezi zici ezikhona kuyo yonke ingane. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezimbalwa zazo.

Yiziphi izimbangela (i-JIA)?

Eqinisweni, ochwepheshe abakayitholi imbangela eqondile ye-JIA ."Igama elithi" idiopathic" lisho "isizathu esingaziwa." Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana okucatshangwa ukuthi zinegalelo kulokhu:

• Izici zemvelo: Izinto ezisendaweni ezithinta amasosha omzimba wengane.
• Izici zofuzo: Ukuthambekela okuvela kufuzo.
• Ukutheleleka: Kusolwa ukuthi lesi simo singase senzeke ngenxa yezinguquko ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba ngemva kokutheleleka okuthile.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-(JIA) uma ingelashwa?

Uma lesi simo singelashwa kahle, ingane ingaba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuxilonga nokuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

• Isifo samathambo esingapheli kanye nokukhubazeka kokusebenza: Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo bamalunga kanye nobunzima bokwenza imisebenzi evamile.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezizungeze inhliziyo (`Pericarditis`) noma ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezizungeze amaphaphu (`Pleuritis`) .
• Ithambo elikhubazekile kanye nokukhula kwengane.
• Ukulimala okungapheli kwamalunga.
• Izinkinga zokubona: ikakhulukazi `(Uveitis)` (ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso) kanye nokulahlekelwa umbono okubangelwa yilokhu.

Itholakala kanjani i-(JIA)?

Uma ingane yakho isolwa ukuthi ine-JIA, nansi indlela udokotela azobhekana ngayo nokuxilongwa:

• Ukuhlola amalunga engane.
• Ukubukeza umlando wezokwelapha wengane ophelele.
• Ukukhuluma ngezimpawu nawe kanye nengane yakho.

Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile ukuze kutholakale i-JIA. Ngakho-ke, udokotela uyakwenqaba ezinye izimo futhi ufinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi i-JIA iyimbangela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase futhi acele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-X-ray, i-ultrasound, noma i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola isimo samalunga engane yakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu: Lokhu kungasiza ekuxilongeni uhlobo lwe-arthritis ngokuhlola igazi, umchamo, kanye/noma uketshezi lwamalunga nokufuna ezinye izimbangela ezifana nokutheleleka, ukulimala, noma umdlavuza.

Iphathwa kanjani (i-JIA)?

Imithi kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba ngokuvamile kuyizinto eziyinhloko zokwelapha i-`(JIA)`. Imigomo eyinhloko yokwelapha yile:

• Ukwandisa ukuhamba kanye namandla emalungeni.
• Ukuvimbela ukulimala kwamalunga kanye nezinkinga.
• Ukuqeda ubuhlungu.
• Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Imithi

Uma ingane yakho itholakale ine-JIA, udokotela angase akunike imithi efana nalokhu:

• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID): Le mithi inciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala, kodwa ayithinti kakhulu indlela noma umphumela we-JIA.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Odokotela bavame ukunikeza lo muthi njengomjovo esilungwini esisodwa esithintekile. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma amalunga amaningi ethintekile noma uma ingane ine-JIA yomzimba, banikeza ne-steroid njengephilisi noma uketshezi ukuze iphuzwe ngomlomo.
• Imithi yokulwa namathambo eguqula izifo (i-DMARD): Le mithi isebenza ngokushintsha inqubo yesifo samathambo. Umgomo wokwelashwa kwe-DMARD ukucindezela ukuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba emathanjeni nasemalungeni engane.
• Izinto zokuguqula izinto eziphilayo: Le mithi ihlose ama-molecule noma amaprotheni abangela ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukunconywa ezinganeni ezinezimpawu ezinzima ezingaphendulanga kweminye imithi.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba (okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nokwelashwa ngokomsebenzi) kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu, kugcine imisipha iqinile, kuthuthukise ukuhamba, futhi kuvimbele izinkinga ezingapheli. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase asebenzise ama-splint noma ama-braces ukusiza ukuvikela amalunga njengoba ingane ikhula.

Ingabe i-JIA ingavinjelwa?

Ngenxa yokuthi odokotela abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-JIA, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuyivimbela. Ochwepheshe bayaqhubeka nokucwaninga ngezimbangela kanye nokuvimbela i-JIA.

Liyini ikusasa lezingane kanye nabantu abasha abane-(JIA)?

I-JIA ayithinti yonke ingane ngendlela efanayo. Kwabanye, ithinta ilunga elilodwa noma amabili kuphela futhi iphathwa kalula. Kwabanye, i-JIA ingathinta amalunga amaningi futhi ibangele izimpawu ezinzima noma ezihlala isikhathi eside.

Ngokutholakala nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi, izingane eziningi ezine-JIA zingalawula isifo samathambo, zivimbele ukulimala kwamalunga, futhi zibuyele emazingeni ajwayelekile noma acishe abe ajwayelekile okusebenza.

Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani (i-JIA)?

I-JIA ingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka. Ezinye izingane ziyalulama ngokuphelele, kanti ezinye zingase zibe nezimpawu zize zibe sezikhulile. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi "ukuguga" kwe-JIA kanye nokuba yisifo samathambo esiqala ukuba umuntu omdala. Ayikho indlela yokubikezela ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka nini ngempela. Kodwa udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uphathe isimo sengane yakho, uthole ukwelashwa okusebenzayo, futhi akusize ubeke ikusasa eliphumelelayo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu , kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela:

• Ubuhlungu bamalunga
• Ukuqina kwamalunga
• Ukuvuvukala emalungeni

Yisiphi iseluleko ongasinika izingane kanye nentsha ehlala ne-(JIA)?

Uma ingane yakho ine-JIA, yikhuthaze ukuba iphile ngendlela evamile ngangokunokwenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuthi iye esikoleni, idlale imidlalo, ihlanganyele emisebenzini yangaphandle kwesikole, futhi ihlanganyele emisebenzini yomndeni. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela batusa izindawo ezikhethekile zokuyisiza ukuthi ibhekane nokulinganiselwa kwesifo samathambo nomsebenzi wesikole.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyazi ukuthi ukuzivocavoca akwenzi izimpawu ze-arthritis zibe zimbi kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ukuzivocavoca kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuwohloka kwesimo somzimba futhi kwandise amandla emisipha kanye nokukhuthazela, okusekela amalunga.

Uma kukhulunywa ngezidingo zokudla okunempilo, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi izinhlelo zokudla ezithile ziyasiza ngezimpawu ze-arthritis. Ngakho-ke, khuthaza ingane yakho ukuba idle ukudla okuvamile nokulinganiselayo.

Njengomzali, ufuna ingane yakho ibe nempilo futhi ingabi nobuhlungu. Kodwa ukutshelwa ukuthi ingane yakho ine-JIA kungaba yinto ecasulayo, ecasulayo - futhi engalungile. Udokotela wakho ulapha ukuzokusiza. Ukuxilongwa kwe-JIA kungazwakala njengesithiyo esikhulu emgwaqweni omkhulu. Kodwa ngokwelashwa, kufana nokushayisana kwejubane elincane emgwaqweni. Kuvamile ukuzizwa uthuthumela kancane ekuqaleni. Themba ukuthi udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho futhi adale uhlelo oluhle lokwelashwa ukuze ayise ingane yakho endleleni efanele.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba (Umyalezo Ohamba Nawo Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho namuhla:

• ``(JIA)`` isifo sokuvuvukala kwamalunga esingamahlalakhona esenzeka ezinganeni. Sibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
• Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalokhu, futhi izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngengane.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele. Lokhu kunganciphisa umonakalo emalungeni futhi kunikeze ingane impilo enhle.
• Imithi kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba yizona zindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko.
• Kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ingane ene-JIA ukuba iphile impilo evamile futhi ekhuthele ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Awuwedwa. Odokotela, abelaphi bezomzimba, nabanye abaningi bakhona ukuzokusiza wena nomntwana wakho.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lukusizile ukuthi uqonde kangcono i-`(JIA)`. Uma ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, sicela ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Isifo samathambo sabantwana , i-JIA, ubuhlungu bamalunga ezinganeni, ukuvuvukala kwamalunga, isifo samathambo, izifo zabantwana, izifo zokuzivikela komzimba