Indlela eyingozi yokuthola i-meningitis! Ake sifunde ngqo nge-Bacterial Meningitis.

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingathi sína, kodwa okufanele wonke umuntu asiqaphele. Cishe uke wezwa igama elithi "umkhuhlane wobuchopho"? Olunye uhlobo lwaso oluyingozi kakhulu lubizwa ngokuthi i-Bacterial Meningitis. Lokhu akulona ihlaya, ngoba uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, kungaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke masiqonde kahle lokhu, akunjalo?

Kuyini i-Bacterial Meningitis? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-meningitis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezivikelayo (ama-meninges) ezizungeze ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla (intambo yemizwa egeleza emgogodleni) . Kufana nokuvuvukala lapho umzimba wethu ulimala. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu kuvuvukala ukutheleleka oketshezini (i-Cerebrospinal Fluid - CSF) oluzungeze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla. Manje, uma le meningitis ibangelwa amagciwane, siyibiza ngokuthi i-bacterial meningitis. Lolu uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu. Uma umuntu enalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngoba i-bacterial meningitis ingabangela ngisho nokufa phakathi namahora ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-viral meningitis kanye ne-bacterial meningitis? Ingabe ziyafana?

Cha, azifani. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-meningitis: i-Bacterial Meningitis kanye ne-Viral Meningitis. Zombili zihilela ukuvuvukala kwama-membrane azungeze ubuchopho. Kodwa-ke, i-bacterial meningitis ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, kanti i-viral meningitis ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. I-viral meningitis iyona evame kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile ayibi kakhulu njenge-bacterial meningitis. Lapho kuvela i-bacterial meningitis, izicubu ezizungeze ubuchopho ziyavuvukala, zivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungaholela ekukhubazekeni, ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nasekufeni. Yingakho sibiza i-bacterial meningitis ngokuthi isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-bacterial meningitis? Qaphela lezi!

Izimpawu ze-bacterial meningitis zivame ukuvela ngokuzumayo, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho naphakathi kwamahora angu-24 okuchayeka egciwaneni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu.

Izimpawu kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezindala:

Nazi ezinye izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingabekezeleleki
• Ukuqina kwentamo, njengokungathi isilevu asikwazi ukugoba ukuze sithinte isifuba (lokhu kuyimpawu ethile)
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba , njengalapho unesifo somkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane .
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• I-Photophobia - Lokhu kusho ukuthi amehlo azizwa sengathi aphenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma evezwa ukukhanya noma ukukhanya kwelanga.
• Isimo Sengqondo Esishintshile
• Ukucasuka, intukuthelo esheshayo
• Ukozela okwanda kancane kancane
• Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuquleka ngisho nokushaya kwenhliziyo .

Izimpawu ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane:

Izimpawu zingase zihluke kancane lapho umntwana omncane eba nalesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, abazali bezingane ezincane kufanele bakuqaphele lokhu ngokukhethekile.

• Ukuhlanza okunomkhuhlane
• Ukwenqaba ukudla noma ukuphuza
• Ubuthakathaka, ubunzima bokuvuka, noma ukusabela kancane ekuvukeni (Ukudinwa)
• Ukukhala njalo, ukungahlaliseki
• Ingxenye engenhla yekhanda (indawo ethambile ekhanda - `iFontanelle`) ibonakala ivuvukele futhi ivuvukele (lokhu futhi kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi)
• Ukuquleka

Qaphela! Uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho inesinye salezi zimpawu, iya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha, noma ushayele ucingo ku-1990. I-bacterial meningitis yisifo esingaholela e-coma ngisho nasekufeni emahoreni ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, ijubane libaluleke kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamagciwane ezibangela i-meningitis?

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 zamabhaktheriya ezingabangela i-meningitis yamabhaktheriya. Kodwa nansi ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu nezibalulekile:

• Iqembu B Streptococcus
• I-Streptococcus pneumoniae - Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-pneumococcal.
• I-Neisseria meningitidis - Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-meningococcal.
• Umkhuhlane we-Haemophilus
• I-Listeria monocytogenes `(I-Listeria monocytogenes)`
• I-Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Nakuba la magama engase abonakale enzima kancane, kuhle ukuthi uwazwile ngoba odokotela bayawasebenzisa.

I-bacterial meningitis ikhula kanjani?

Cabanga ngakho, amaningi ala mabhaktheriya abangela izifo ahlala ekhona endaweni esikuyo, okungukuthi, endaweni esizungezile. Ngezinye izikhathi la mabhaktheriya angaba sekhaleni lakho nasemphinjeni ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga. Ungase ungaguli, kodwa omunye umuntu ovela kuwe angalithola leli bhaktheriya futhi angagula. La mabhaktheriya asatshalaliswa kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye ngokuxhumana okuseduze. Avame ukusabalala ngamaconsi amancane akhishwa endleleni yokuphefumula ngezikhathi ezifana nokuthimula, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuqabulana.

Ngakho-ke ingabe i-bacterial meningitis iyathelelana?

Yebo, iyathelelana impela. Uma une-meningitis ebangelwa amagciwane, kufanele utshele wonke umuntu oye waxhumana nawe eduze ukuthi afune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi, uma kudingeka, athathe ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngama-antibiotic. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni abanye ekutholeni lesi sifo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-bacterial meningitis?

Nakuba noma ubani engaba nalesi sifo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Izingane ezincane eziphakathi kwenyanga eyodwa neminyaka emibili ubudala zinamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo.

Kungakhula nakubantu abadala abanezici ezithile eziyingozi. Usengozini enkulu uma unalokhu okulandelayo:

• Inkinga Yokusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe noma impumulo okuvamile nokuhlala isikhathi eside
• Ukulimala ekhanda
• I-pneumonia ye-pneumococcal (ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamaphaphu)
• Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka (isibonelo, kubantu abane-HIV, labo abathatha imithi yomdlavuza)
• Uma udengezi lususiwe
• Uma unezifo ezithile zegazi, njengesifo se-sickle cell

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uke wahlinzwa ubuchopho bakho noma umgogodla, noma uma unesifo segazi esisakazekile, usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-bacterial meningitis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo singasakazeka nasezindaweni lapho abantu abaningi bahlala khona eduze, njengezindawo zokuhlala zaseyunivesithi kanye nezindawo zamasosha .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-bacterial meningitis? Lezi zimbi kakhulu!

Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, kungaholela ekukhubazekeni, ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi, ngisho nasekufeni. Ngisho noma lesi sifo selapheka, abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga zesikhathi eside . Okusho ukuthi, izinkinga eziqhubeka ngemva kokuba lesi sifo seselaphekile. Lezi zifaka:

• Ukuquleka okuphindaphindiwe.
• Ubunzima bokukhumbula nokunaka.
• Izinkinga ngokulinganisela, ukuhambisana, kanye nokuhamba.
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono noma ukuzwa ngokuphelele noma ukukhubazeka.

Kuyesabeka ukuzwa lezi zinto, akunjalo? Yingakho sithi singasithathi kalula lesi sifo.

Itholakala kanjani i-bacterial meningitis? Odokotela benzani?

Uma usola ukuthi une-meningitis, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekuxilonga. Udokotela wakho angase athathe igazi, umchamo, kanye nama-swabs ekhala/emphinjeni ukuze ahlolwe. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi uqhume i-lumbar puncture (ebizwa nangokuthi i-spinal tap). Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yoketshezi oluzungeze intambo yakho yomgogodla, olubizwa ngokuthi i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), emhlane wakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela eqondile yokutheleleka nokuthi yimaphi amagciwane abangela lokhu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma udokotela esola ukuthi une-meningitis, aqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulinda imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Ngoba umzuzwana ngamunye uyabaluleka.

Iphathwa kanjani i-bacterial meningitis?

Odokotela belapha i-bacterial meningitis ngama -antibiotic. Le mithi inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Bangase bakunike ne-corticosteroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluzungeze ubuchopho bakho. Uma ukuhlolwa sekutholakele amabhaktheriya aqondile abangele ukutheleleka, udokotela wakho angashintsha i-antibiotic oyithathayo.

Ingabe ukhona umuthi wokugomela i-bacterial meningitis? Yebo, lezi yizindaba ezinhle!

Ngenhlanhla, yebo! Kunemithi yokugoma eminingana etholakalayo yokuvikela kwezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamagciwane abangela i-bacterial meningitis. Lena yile:

• Umuthi Wokugomela i-Meningococcal: Lo muthi uvikela amagciwane i-N. meningitidis.
• Umuthi Wokugomela I-Pneumococcal: Lokhu kuvikela ebhaktheriya i-S. pneumoniae.
• Umuthi wokugomela i-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b (Hib): Lo muthi uvikela ebhaktheriya le-H. influenzae.

Le mithi yokugoma ifakiwe kuHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane. Iyatholakala nakubantu abadala abasengozini enkulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalokhu.

Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela i-bacterial meningitis?

Ngaphezu kokugoma, kunezinye izinto ezimbalwa ezilula ongazenza ukuze uzivikele kulesi sifo esiyingozi.

• Uma ukhulelwe, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-Group B Streptococcus phakathi nesonto lakho lama-36 noma lama-37 lokukhulelwa. Uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi unaleli gciwane, ungase unikezwe ama-antibiotic ngesikhathi sokubeletha ukuvimbela ingane ukuthi ingalitholi.
• Uma ubhema, yeka.
• Bhala kahle.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo.
• Mboza impumulo nomlomo wakho ngeduku noma ngethishu uma uthimula noma ukhwehlela.

Le mikhuba ingakuvikela hhayi nje kuphela kwi-bacterial meningitis, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi ezithelelanayo.

Kwenzekani uma ngithola i-bacterial meningitis? Ingabe likhona ithemba?

I-bacterial meningitis iyisimo esibi kakhulu. Phakathi kuka-10% no-15% wabantu abayitholayo bayafa. Lokho kuyadabukisa ngempela. Kodwa uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuqala ngokushesha, amathuba okululama aphezulu kakhulu.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

I-bacterial meningitis akuyona isifo esivamile. Kodwa-ke, iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Ingakhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma unezimpawu zalesi sifo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalibali.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalesi simo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Ngithole kanjani i-bacterial meningitis?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa engiludingayo?
• Kufanele ngibuye nini ukuze ngithole izivivinyo zokulandelela?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngizivikele ekuphinde ngithole i-bacterial meningitis?
• Ingabe ngizoba nezinkinga zesikhathi eside ngenxa ye-bacterial meningitis?
• Ngingayisakaza yini lesi sifo kwabanye?

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kulokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho ake sikukhumbuze ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esixoxe ngazo:

I-Bacterial Meningitis iyisifo esiyingozi kakhulu futhi esingasongela ukuphila.

Uma unezimpawu (ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane ophakeme, ikhanda elibuhlungu, intamo elukhuni ), funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi kuqalwa ama-antibiotic, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu alulame ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma sekwephuzile, izinkinga zesikhathi eside ngisho nokufa kungavela.

Kunemithi yokugomela lokhu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese uthola ukuthi kwenzekani.

Ukulandela imikhuba emihle yezempilo, njengokugeza izandla njalo nokuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lokhu.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Ukuqaphela lezi zinto kuzosiza kakhulu ekuzivikeleni wena nabathandekayo bakho. Hlala uphilile! I-meningitis yamagciwane, i-meningitis, izimpawu ze-meningitis, ukwelashwa kwe-meningitis, umuthi wokugomela i-meningitis, izifo ezithelelanayo, izifo zobuchopho