Wesaba yini lapho ngikutshela ukuthi uthathe amanzi emgogodleni wakho? (Ukubhoboza Kwethambo Lomgogodla / I-Spinal Tap) Ake sithole ukuthi kuyini ngempela lokhu!

Wake wezwa 'ngombhobho womgogodla'? Ungase ucabange, "Wow, lokhu kumelwe kube yinto enkulu, eyesabekayo." Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukhathazeke kancane uma uzwa igama. Kodwa kuwukuhlolwa okulula okungasiza odokotela ukuthi bahlole izimo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene nobuchopho bakho, uhlelo lwezinzwa, kanye nomgogodla. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu 'kubhoboza kwe-lumbar' namuhla, ngendlela enobungane wonke umuntu akhuluma ngayo, ngesiSinhala, kulungile?

Kungani kwenziwa lokhu (Lumbar Puncture)? Kufunani?

Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yoketshezi oluzungeze umgogodla wakho, ngaphakathi komgogodla wakho. Lolu ketshezi lubizwa ngokuthi uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Lufana nomcamelo ovikela futhi wondle ubuchopho bakho kanye nomgogodla wakho. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bangafunda okuningi ngokuhlola isampula yale CSF.

Manje ake sibone ukuthi odokotela batusa kuziphi izimo ukwenza "i-Lumbar Puncture":

• Uma usola ukuthi kukhona ukopha ngaphakathi ebuchosheni (Intracranial Hemorrhage): Lokhu kungenzeka ngezinye izikhathi ngemva kokushaywa ekhanda.
• Izimo ezifana ne-dementia: Funa izifo ezibangela ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo kancane kancane.
• Hlola uketshezi lwe-CSF oluningi ebuchosheni.
• Hlola ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwezicubu zobuchopho (`(Encephalitis)`).
• Izimo zomdlavuza ezifana ne-leukemia: Amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza angasakazekela kwi-CSF.
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho njenge-meningitis: Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nentamo eqinile.
• Izifo zokuzivikela komzimba njenge-multiple sclerosis: Lezi yizifo lapho amasosha omzimba wethu esebenza khona ngokumelene nomzimba.
• Izimo ezinjengokuvuvukala komgogodla (`(Myelitis)`).

Akukhona lokhu kuphela, i-Lumbar Puncture isetshenziswa ngezizathu eziningana:

• Nikeza i-anesthesia ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu: Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-epidural. Futhi uhlobo lwe-anesthesia olunikezwa umgogodla. I-anesthesia yesifunda isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kanye nokubeletha.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray okukhethekile (`(Myelogram)`): Kulokhu, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (udayi) emgogodleni bese kuthathwa i-X-ray.
• Nikeza imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza noma imithi yokukhulula imisipha ngqo oketshezini lomgogodla.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka okuphezulu ngaphakathi kobuchopho (`(Ukucindezeleka Kwangaphakathi Kwekhanda)`): Lokhu kucindezeleka kungancishiswa ngokususa uketshezi lwe-CSF.

Khumbula, akuzona zonke lezi zimo ezidinga ukubhobozwa kwe-lumbar. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ngqo ukuthi udinga lolu vivinyo nokuthi kungani.

Ngingalungiselela kanjani lolu vivinyo?

Kulungile, ake sithi usunqume ukuba ne-lumbar puncture. Ngaphambi kwalokho, udokotela uzokubuza imibuzo ethile futhi abheke umlando wakho wezempilo. Angase akucele nokuthi wenze izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Thola i-CT scan (`(CT scan)`) noma i-MRI scan (`(MRI)`): Lokhu kungathola isithombe esihle somgogodla kanye nezindawo ezizungezile.
• Hlola igazi: Hlola izinto ezifana nekhono legazi lakho lokujiya.
• Tshela udokotela wakho ngemithi yakho: Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, njenge-Warfarin noma i-Aspirin, kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho . Angase akucele ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha eminye yale mithi noma ushintshe umthamo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kodwa khumbula, ungayeki noma ushintshe noma yimiphi imithi yakho kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshele ukuthi wenze kanjalo, kulungile?

Lawa malungiselelo azosiza udokotela oqhuba ukuhlolwa ukuba aqonde kahle isimo sakho, enze ukuhlolwa ngokuphephile, futhi avimbele izinkinga ezingadingekile. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela nokuthi unemiyalelo ekhethekile yini ngawe.

Kwenzekani uma ngithola i-Lumbar Puncture? Ingabe kuzongizwisa ubuhlungu?

Yilapho abantu abaningi besaba khona. Kodwa awuzizwa ubuhlungu ngempela . Ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile, ucindezelwa kancane, kodwa akubuhlungu.

Nakhu okwenzekayo:

1. Indawo: Uzophendulwa uye ohlangothini lwakho lwesobunxele lombhede bese ucelwa ukuba ulale phansi. Ngemuva kwalokho, amadolo akho azodonswa eduze kwesifuba sakho ngangokunokwenzeka, njengebhola elincane. Noma, ngezinye izikhathi, uzocelwa ukuba uhlale esihlalweni, ugobe phambili phezu kwetafula, bese ubeka ikhanda lakho nezandla etafuleni. Lesi simo singase sizwakale singakhululekile isikhashana, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlala uthule ngangokunokwenzeka . Ungacelwa ukuthi ushintshe indawo yakho kancane ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

2. Ukuhlanza Nokwenza Izimpawu Zibe Nzima: Okulandelayo, umhlane wakho ongezansi, lapho kuzofakwa khona inaliti, uzohlanzwa kahle bese kufakwa inani elincane le-anesthetic yendawo ukuze kuncishiswe indawo. Lapho kufakwa i-anesthetic , uzozwa umuzwa omncane wokushisa imizuzwana embalwa , njengokuhlaba kwentuthwane. Yilokho kuphela. Khona-ke indawo izobe incishisiwe ngokuphelele.

3. Ukufaka inaliti: Ngemva kokuba indawo ingasebenzi kahle, udokotela ufaka inaliti encane kakhulu, engenalutho emhlane wakho ongezansi phakathi kwamathambo amabili (ngokuvamile ithambo lesithathu nelesine, noma lesine nelesihlanu). Lokhu kungaphezu nje kwezinqe zakho. Inaliti ifakwa esikhaleni (isikhala se-subarachnoid) phakathi kwama-membrane avikelayo (ama-meninges) azungeze intambo yomgogodla futhi agcwele i-CSF. Ngezinye izikhathi, umshini we-X-ray okhethekile obizwa ngokuthi i-fluoroscopy ungasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inaliti isendaweni efanele.

4. Ukuthatha uketshezi lwe-CSF:Uma inaliti isisendaweni efanele, udokotela uqala ngokulinganisa ingcindezi yoketshezi lwe-CSF. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuqoqwa isampula encane (amamililitha ambalwa). Lokhu kuthatha imizuzu embalwa.

5. Ukuqeda: Ngemva kokuthathwa kwesampula, udokotela ususa inaliti bese efaka iplasta encane noma ibhandishi endaweni.

Yilokho kuphela okwenzekayo. Ukuhlolwa konke kuthatha imizuzu ephakathi kwengu-15 nengu-30. Kodwa inaliti ingemuva kwakho imizuzu embalwa kuphela.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kuphi? Ingabe kuzongenza ngilahlekelwe ingqondo?

Lokhu `(Ukubhoboza I-Lumbar)` ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa esibhedlela njenge-`Inqubo Yokwelapha Ngaphandle Kwesiguli`. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Noma, uma uhlala esibhedlela, kungenziwa ewadini. Uma kwenziwa njengomuntu ohlala ngaphandle kwesiguli, kuzodingeka kube khona othile ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya ngemva kokuhlolwa.

Futhi, ngeke uquleke ngokuphelele phakathi nalolu vivinyo. Uzonikwa nje umuthi oqeda izinhlungu. Ngakho-ke uzobe uqaphile, kodwa ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyilandela. Ngokuvamile basho izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini esindayo amahora angama-24.
• Lala embhedeni (ngohlangothi noma ngomhlane) ihora elilodwa noma amabili, mhlawumbe isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ikhanda.
• Ungenzi lutho olunzima, njengokuzivocavoca umzimba, amahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48.
• Phumula kahle.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Uma udokotela wakho ekunika imvume, ungase ukwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile ngosuku olufanayo noma ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva kokuhlolwa.

Ingabe kuvamile ukuba nekhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kokubhoboza i-lumbar?

Yebo, abanye abantu bangase babe nekhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa. Sikubiza ngokuthi `(Spinal Headache)`. Akuwona wonke umuntu okutholayo, cishe abantu abayi-10% bakuthola lokhu .

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi uthola ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu uma uhleli noma umile. Liyaphela uma ulele phansi. Lokhu kungaqala emahoreni ambalwa noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlolwa. Esikhathini esiningi, kuba ngcono ngokwako ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, kungahlala isonto lonke.

Lokhu `(Ikhanda Elibuhlungu Lomgogodla)` kungase kuhambisane nezinye izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (i-Tachycardia)
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (`(Hypotension)`)
• Isicanucanu

Ukuze kusizwe ngalokhu, imithi yobuhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, ukuhlala unamanzi ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, nokuphuza iziphuzo ezine-caffeine njengekhofi kungasiza. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka futhi.

Ingabe ikhona eminye imiphumela emibi? Ingabe izolimaza umgogodla?

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu evela kulokhu kuhlolwa ayivamile. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, okulandelayo kungenzeka:

• Ukutheleleka endaweni yenaliti
• Kunjalo ukuvuvukala.
• Ukopha
• Ubuhlungu obuphansi emhlane

Khumbula lokhu: Ukubhoboza kwe-lumbar ngeke kulimaze umgogodla wakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inaliti ifakwe ngaphansi kakhulu kunezinga lomgogodla. Ngakho-ke ungesabi.

Zithini imiphumela engiyitholayo? Zithini?

Isampula ye-CSF ethathwe kuwe izothunyelwa elabhorethri futhi ihlolwe okulandelayo:

• Ingabe kukhona amabhaktheriya (`(Amabhaktheriya)`), isikhunta (`(Ama-Fungi)`), noma amaseli angajwayelekile (njengamaseli omdlavuza)?
• Linjani izinga lakho likashukela (`(i-glucose)`)?
• Zinjani izinhlobo namazinga amaprotheni?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo namanani amaseli amhlophe egazi? (Lokhu kungasho ngezifo)

Le miphumela yiyo evumela udokotela wakho ukuthi aqinisekise noma akhiphe izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwazi imiphumela?

Kuya ngesizathu sokuhlolwa. Imiphumela ivame ukutholakala ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenziwa ukuhlola ukopha ebuchosheni noma isimo esiphuthumayo njenge-meningitis, imiphumela ingase itholakale ngokushesha, ngisho naphakathi kwamahora ambalwa.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo uma imiphumela ingavamile?

Ngenxa yokuthi ukubhoboza kwe-lumbar kungabona izifo eziningi ezihlobene nobuchopho, imizwa, kanye nomgogodla, imiphumela ingahluka. Isibonelo, uma i-CSF yakho inenani eliphezulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi, kungabonisa ukutheleleka. Kuleso simo, ungelapha ukutheleleka ngama-antibiotic.

Udokotela wakho uzochaza incazelo yemiphumela oyitholile, futhi uzokutshela ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okudingekayo ngokufanele, kanye nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo.

Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemva kokuhlolwa, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho:

• Uma ikhanda lihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa futhi linzima kakhulu.
• Uma igazi noma olunye uketshezi luvuza endaweni yenaliti.
• Uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka (ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, umkhuhlane).

Ekugcineni, khumbula lokhu... (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, i-`(Lumbar Puncture)` noma i-`(Spinal Tap)` esikhulume ngayo akuyona into okufanele uyesabe. Yebo, kuyinto evamile ukuzwa ukushaqeka okuncane nokwesaba lapho kufakwa inaliti emgogodleni wakho. Kodwa-ke, ngeke uzizwe ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki ngenxa yalokhu. Mhlawumbe kuzozwakala njengokusunduza okuncane.

Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuphephile okungasiza ekuxilongeni izimo eziningi zezokwelapha. Akudali monakalo emgogodleni.

Uma uneminye imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, xoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ngaleyo ndlela, uzozizwa ukhululekile kakhudlwana. Uma unekhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho cishe uzokutshela ukuthi ungaliqeda kanjani. Ngakho-ke, cabanga ngalokhu njengolunye uvivinyo olubalulekile kwezokwelapha!

ukubhoboza i - lumbar, i-spinal tap, i-spinal tap, i-cerebrospinal fluid, i-cerebrospinal fluid, i-CSF, isifo sobuchopho, isifo sezinzwa, umgogodla, ukuxilongwa, ikhanda elibuhlungu