Ingabe unamaqhubu e-thyroid entanyeni yakho? Ake sifunde ngalokhu ngaphandle kokwesaba!

Wake wazizwa uneqhubu noma ukuvuvukala okuncane ngaphambili kwentamo yakho? Noma mhlawumbe udokotela wakuxilonga wathi, “Uneqhubu ku-thyroid yakho.” Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa lokhu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Esikhathini esiningi, amaqhubu e-thyroid awayona ingozi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuwaqaphela. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngamaqhubu e-thyroid ngamagama alula.

Ayini ama-Thyroid Nodules?

Kalula nje, iqhubu le-thyroid ukukhula okungavamile kwamaseli endlaleni yakho ye-thyroid, njengesigaxa esincane.

Cabanga nje, ngaphambili kwentamo yethu, ngaphansi nje kwethambo lentamo, kukhona indlala encane emise okwebhabhathane. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi indlala yegilo . Empeleni lena yindlala ye-endocrine emizimbeni yethu. Ikhiqiza amahomoni amabili abaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu , i-thyroxine (T4) kanye ne -triiodothyronine (T3) . Lawa mahomoni alawula izinto eziningi emizimbeni yethu. Isibonelo:

• Gcina i-metabolism yemizimba yethu isebenza kahle.
• Lawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba.
• Lawula imizwa yethu kanye nokujabula kwethu.
• Lawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo .
• Gaya ukudla ngendlela efanele.

Ngakho-ke, lawo maqhubu angakheka endlaleni ye-thyroid, eyenza izinto eziningi ezibalulekile. La maqhubu angahlukaniswa kanje:

• Kungase kube neqhubu elilodwa kuphela (iqhubu elilodwa) .
• Kungase kube namaqhubu amaningi .
• Amanye amaqhubu angagcwala uketshezi, esilubiza ngokuthi amaqhubu e-cystic .
• Ezinye zazo zingaba ziqinile, zibizwa ngokuthi amaqhubu aqinile .

Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngaphezu kuka-90% walezi ziqhubu ezitholakala kubantu abadala azinawo umdlavuza noma azinabungozi . Lokho kusho ukuthi aziyona inkinga enkulu. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-4 no-6.5 (4.0% kuya ku-6.5%) kungaba umdlavuza we-thyroid . Ngakho-ke, uma uneqhubu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akulona umdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi ziqhubu zingaba uphawu lwesinye isifo se-thyroid.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa la maqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Empeleni, noma ubani angaba neqhubu le-thyroid. Lingathinta izingane, abantu abadala, nanoma ubani. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kane okuba nalo kunabesilisa.La maqhubu avame ukwakheka.

Futhi, abantu emazweni lapho i-iodine ingeniswa khona ekudleni kwabo banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lezi zimo, njengoba i-iodine ibalulekile ukuze indlala yegilo ikhiqize ama-hormone.

Kunezinye izici ezandisa ingozi yokuthola amaqhubu e-thyroid:

• Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye-thyroid ngaphambilini.
• Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba namaqhubu e-thyroid noma umdlavuza we-thyroid (umlando womndeni).
• Ingozi iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula .
• Kubantu abane - anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi .
• Kulabo ababhemayo (Ababhemayo) .
• Kulabo abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile .
• Kulabo abane -metabolic syndrome .
• Kulabo abaphuza utshwala (ukusetshenziswa kotshwala) .
• Kubantu abanamazinga aphezulu e-Insulin-like growth factor-1 (i-hormone) emzimbeni.
• Abesifazane abane -uterine fibroids .

Zivame kangakanani izigaxa ze-thyroid?

Empeleni lokhu kuvame kakhulu. Udokotela uzothola la maqhubu kubantu abadala abangu-5% kuya ku-7% ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, i-ultrasound ingathola ukuthi abantu abadala abaphakathi kuka-20% no-76% banala maqhubu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abaningi bangase babe nawo bengazi.

Kodwa lokhu akuvamile kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.

Ingabe kufanele sesabe iqhubu le-thyroid?

Esikhathini esiningi, amaqhubu e-thyroid awadingi ukukhathazeka ngawo. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, iningi lawo alinabungozi . Kodwa-ke, iphesenti elincane kakhulu lingaba umdlavuza we-thyroid , ngakho-ke uma uthola ukuthi uneqhubu, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ukuze alihlole. Uma kungumdlavuza, uma usheshe utholakale futhi welashwe, kungcono .

Khumbula, ungesabi uma ubona iqhubu bese ucabanga ukuthi umdlavuza. Kodwa, kufanele nakanjani ulihlole kudokotela.

Ziyini izimpawu zamaqhubu e-thyroid?

Amaqhubu amaningi e-thyroid awabangeli zimpawu, okusho ukuthi ungase ungaboni lutho. Kodwa-ke, uma unamaqhubu amaningana, noma uma iqhubu likhulu, ungase ukwazi ukulizwa entanyeni yakho.

Akuvamile kakhulu, uma izigaxa ziba zikhulu kakhulu, ungase ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Inkinga yokugwinya ukudla noma uketshezi , inkinga yokuphefumula. Cabanga nje, uma uzizwa sengathi kukhona okubambeke emphinjeni wakho lapho udla, noma uma uzizwa sengathi kunzima ngisho nokuphuza amanzi amancane...
• Ukushoshozela noma ukushintsha kwezwi.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu ngaphambili entanyeni.
• Ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo kubizwa nangokuthi i-goiter .

Amanye amaqhubu, ikakhulukazi amaqhubu e-thyroid asebenza ngokweqile , aqala ukukhiqiza i-hormone ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperthyroidism . Izimpawu zifaka:

Izimpawu zokwanda kwama-hormone e-thyroid (i-Hyperthyroidism)

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo .
• Ukuzizwa uthuthumela futhi/noma ukhathazekile ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo , noma ngabe isifiso sokudla siyanda.
• Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla .
• Uhudo kanye nokunyakaza kwamathumbu njalo .
• Ubunzima bokulala .
• Indlala yegilo noma i-goiter ekhulisiwe .
• Ukungayi esikhathini okulula noma okungekuhle kwabesifazane.

Futhi, abanye abantu abanezinhlayiya ze-thyroid bangase babe namazinga aphansi ama-hormone e-thyroid. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypothyroidism . Nazi izimpawu:

Izimpawu zama-hormone e-thyroid aphansi (i-Hypothyroidism)

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi (Ukukhathala) .
• Ukuba ndikindiki nokuthuthumela ezandleni zakho.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo .
• Isikhumba esomile, esiqinile kanye nezinwele .
• Ukuqunjelwa .
• Ukucindezeleka, noma ukucindezeleka kwengqondo .
• Ukuya esikhathini okuvamile, okunzima kwabesifazane.

Kungani kwakheka la maqhuqhuva e-thyroid? Ziyini izimbangela?

Abacwaningi abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani iningi lamaqhubu e-thyroid likhula. Kodwa-ke, angakhula ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamaqhubu:

• Amaqhubu e-Colloid:Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Zibangelwa ukukhula ngokweqile kwezicubu ze-thyroid ezivamile. Azinawo umdlavuza (ezingenabungozi). Zingakhula zibe zinkulu, kodwa azisabalali ngale kwe-thyroid.
• Ama-cyst e-thyroid: Lawa amaqhubu agcwele uketshezi, noma athambile ngokwengxenye futhi aqinile ngokwengxenye. Anengozi encane yokuba nomdlavuza (umdlavuza). Uma emakhulu kuno-2 cm, odokotela bazobabheka noma benze i-biopsy .
• Amaqhubu okuvuvukala: Lawa abangelwa ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwendlala yegilo. Angaba buhlungu noma angabi buhlungu.
• I-Multinodular goiter: Ngezinye izikhathi i-thyroid gland iyakhula ngenxa yamaqhubu amaningi (i-goiter). La maqhubu ngokuvamile awawona umdlavuza.
• Amaqhubu e-thyroid asebenza ngokweqile: La maqhubu akhiqiza ama-hormone e-thyroid engeziwe. Lokhu kungabangela i-hyperthyroidism , edinga ukwelashwa.
• Umdlavuza we-thyroid: Uma sikhuluma ngeqhubu le-thyroid, ukwesaba okukhulu esinakho ukuthi ngabe umdlavuza. Ngenhlanhla, umdlavuza we-thyroid awuvamile. Ngaphansi kuka-6.5% wazo zonke iziqhubu ze-thyroid zinomdlavuza .

Unquma kanjani ngokunembile ukuthi unamaqhubu e-thyroid?

Ngezinye izikhathi ungazizwa uqhuma i-thyroid ngokwakho, noma ukubone esibukweni. Noma udokotela wakho angakuthola ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba. Iqhuma lingatholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesithombe okwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Nakuba amaqhubu amaningi e-thyroid engewona umdlavuza (angabi yingozi), amaqhubu amaningi adinga uhlobo oluthile lokuhlolwa ngenxa yamathuba amancane okuthi angaba nomdlavuza.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Udokotela wakho angenza olunye noma ngaphezulu lwalezi zivivinyo ukuze abheke i-nodule ye-thyroid:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-thyroid: Lokhu kuhlola izinga lama-hormone e-thyroid egazini lakho. Esikhathini esiningi, noma ngabe kukhona ama-nodule, amazinga ama-hormone ajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi angaba angajwayelekile, okungabonisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid.
• Ukuskena nge-ultrasound: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zendlala yegilo. Kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iqhubu liqinile noma i-cyst egcwele uketshezi. (Amaqhubu aqinile anamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza.) Kungasiza futhi ekuqapheni ukukhula kweqhubu nokuthola amaqhubu okunzima ukuwafinyelela. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-ultrasound ingasiza ekuqondiseni inaliti ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwenaliti encane .
• I-biopsy yenaliti encane:Kulesi sivivinyo, udokotela usebenzisa inalithi encane kakhulu ukususa isampula yamaseli ku-nodule ye-thyroid noma kuma-nodule. Isampula bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe. Ama-nodule amaningi awawona umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingacaci, udokotela angase enze isivivinyo futhi. Noma, bangase batuse ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe i-nodule ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okuqondile.
• Ukuskena kokuthathwa kwe-thyroid: Kulolu vivinyo, unikezwa inani elincane le -iodine enemisebe ukuze uyiphuze. Udokotela ube esebheka ukuthi amaqhubu e-thyroid amunca i-iodine engakanani nokuthi izicubu ze-thyroid ezivamile zimunca kangakanani. Lokhu kunikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namaqhubu e-thyroid, okungasiza udokotela ukuthi anqume ingozi yomdlavuza.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha amaqhubu e-thyroid?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lweqhubu le-thyroid. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha:

• Akukho ukwelashwa/qaphela bese ulinda: Uma izigaxa zingewona umdlavuza, wena nodokotela wakho ninganquma ukuthi akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo njengamanje. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka nibone udokotela wakho njalo ukuze nibone ukuthi izigaxa ziyashintsha yini.
• I-iodine ekhipha imisebe: Odokotela basebenzisa i-iodine ekhipha imisebe ukwelapha amaqhubu e-thyroid asebenza kahle kanye nama-goiter ngamaqhubu amaningana. Lapho i-thyroid imunca le iodine ekhipha imisebe, amaqhubu ayancipha.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma izigaxa zinomdlavuza, zibangela ukuvaleka njengobunzima bokugwinya noma ukuphefumula, futhi “zisolakala” (okusho ukuthi azikwazi ukuxilongwa ngaphandle kokususwa nokuhlolwa ngokuhlinzwa), ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ukuzisusa ngokuhlinzwa.

Ingabe amaqhubu e-thyroid angavinjelwa?

Ngenxa yokuthi abacwaningi abazi ukuthi yini ebangela amaqhubu amaningi e-thyroid, ngokuvamile awakwazi ukuvinjelwa.

Kodwa-ke, ungazama ukunciphisa ingozi yakho ngokulawula ezinye zezinto eziyingozi. Isibonelo, uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile , khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokugcina isisindo esinempilo. Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka ukubhema . Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uthola i-iodine eyanele ekudleni kwakho. Uma usebenzisa usawoti wetafula one-iodine , cishe uthola i-iodine eyanele.

Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi abantu abaphuza amaphilisi okuvimbela ukubeletha kanye/noma ama-statin bangase babe nengozi encishisiwe yokuthola amaqhubu e-thyroid.

Kuyini ukubikezela uma unezinhlayiya ze-thyroid? (Isibikezelo)

Amaqhubu e-thyroid angenawo umdlavuza (angenabungozi)Isibikezelo sihle kakhulu. Ngokuvamile azidingi ukwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphesenti elincane kuphela lala maqhubu angewona umdlavuza, cishe angu-1%, abangela isifo se-thyroid , futhi ngisho nalawo angelashwa.

Umbono wamaqhubu e-thyroid anobungozi uyahlukahluka kuye ngezici eziningana, okuhlanganisa:

• Uhlobo lomdlavuza .
• Ubudala bakho lapho uxilongwa .
• Usayizi weqhubu/isimila .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isakazekele ezicutshini eziseduze, njenge -lymph nodes .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isakazeke (isakazeke kakhulu) ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba.

Uma unomdlavuza we-thyroid, udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukunikeza isibikezelo esinembile kakhudlwana.

Ingabe izingane ezincane zithola amaqhubu e-thyroid?

Izingane ezincane azinawo amathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa amaqhubu e-thyroid kunabantu abadala, kodwa abacwaningi abakaqiniseki ukuthi zingaki ngempela.

Amaqhubu atholakala ezinganeni nasebasha anamathuba amaningi okuba umdlavuza we-thyroid kunakwabantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, amaqhubu angaphezu kuka-75% atholakala ezinganeni nasebasha awawona umdlavuza (angabi yingozi) .

Izimpawu, ukuxilongwa, kanye nokwelashwa ezinganeni kuyafana nakubantu abadala (njengoba sixoxile ngenhla).

Ekugcineni, kufanele ngikutshele… (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Amaqhubu e-thyroid avame kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile awabangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona iqhubu ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela . Nakuba amaqhubu amaningi engewona umdlavuza, kubalulekile ukuwahlola ngoba kunethuba elincane lokuthi angaba nomdlavuza.

Uma usuvele wazi ukuthi une-nodule ye-thyroid, futhi udokotela wakho ekucebisile ukuthi "uqaphele futhi ulinde," ungakhohlwa ukubona udokotela wakho ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ahlole noma yiziphi izinguquko ku-nodule .

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nengozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza we-thyroid noma isifo se-thyroid, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Balapha ukuzokusiza. Ungesabi, thola ulwazi!