Ingabe nawe uthimula njalo? Ingabe uvukwa yimpumulo uma uvuka ekuseni? Ingabe amehlo akho aba bomvu futhi alume? Noma uthola amabala abomvu, alume umzimba wonke ngemva kokudla ukudla okuthile, njenge-shrimp noma inhlanzi? Uma lezi zinto zikwehlela njalo, isikhathi esiningi isizathu salokhu ukuthi umzimba wakho "awuphenduli" kokuthile, okusho ukuthi ungase ube ne-allergy. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okukhethekile okwenziwa odokotela bethu ukuze bathole ukuthi yini ngempela ekwenza ube ne-allergy.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba?
Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yiziphi izinto (ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-allergen ) ezibangela izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kuhilela udokotela wakho ukuhlola umzimba wakho ukuze abone ukuthi usabela kanjani ezintweni ocabanga ukuthi ungase ube nokwaliwa yizo endaweni elawulwa kakhulu, njengomtholampilo noma esibhedlela.
Cabanga ngakho, abanye abantu abakwazi ukumelana nothuli lwendlu. Abanye bangezwani noboya bekati nobezinja. Abanye abantu bathimula ngenxa yempova yezimbali ezithile. Ngokufanayo, abanye abantu bangaba nongezwani nokudla okufana namakinati, ubisi, isoya, noma ngisho namagilavu e-wasp sting noma i-latex.
Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi yikuphi ngempela okubangela ukungezwani komzimba ezimpawini zakho. Kuzoba lula kudokotela wakho ukuthi athuthukise uhlelo lokwelapha olukusebenzelayo futhi lukusize ulawule izimpawu zakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuphephile kakhulu futhi kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokubona ukungezwani komzimba.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukuhlolwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, ubudala, kanye nembangela yokungezwani komzimba okusolwayo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa ezitholakalayo.
| Igama Lokuhlolwa | Indlela yokukwenza nokuthi yini okufanele uyazi |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kokuklwebheka Kwesikhumba (Ukuklwebheka) | Lesi yisilingo esivame kakhulu. Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka ithonsi lale nto ocabanga ukuthi ungaba ne-allergy kuyo engalweni noma emhlane bese uklwebha isikhumba kancane ngenaliti encane kakhulu. Uma une-allergy kuleyo nto, indawo izophenduka ibe bomvu bese kwakheka iqhubu elincane phakathi nemizuzu engaba ngu-15. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukungezwani nezinto ezifana nothuli, impova, ukudla, kanye nemithi efana ne-penicillin. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwesikhumba Sangaphakathi Kwesikhumba | Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokubhoboza isikhumba okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla ingacacile. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inani elincane le-allergen engxenyeni ephezulu yesikhumba sakho (i-epidermis). Lokhu kuyasiza ekutholeni ukungezwani nezinto emoyeni, imithi ethile, kanye nokulunywa yizinambuzane. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-Patch | Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka kakhulu imbangela ye-contact dermatitis. Cabanga ukuthi uma ugqoka amacici okwenziwa, ama-earlobes akho ayaklwebheka. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi. Lapha, i-patch equkethe i-allergen ifakwa esikhumbeni sakho bese ishiywa cishe izinsuku ezingu-2-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela ususa i-patch bese ehlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela esikhumbeni. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi (IgE) | Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi kuthathwe isampula yegazi kuwe bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri. Elabhorethri, kufakwe izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba kulelo gazi bese kulinganiswa izinga le-antibody ebizwa ngokuthi i-Immunoglobulin E (IgE) emzimbeni wakho. Leli zinga le-IgE liphakeme kumuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwenselele Yomlomo | Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa okugcwele kukadokotela. Lokhu kwenziwa ikakhulukazi uma usola ukuthi une-allergy ekudleni noma emuthini. Lapha, unikezwa inani elincane kakhulu lokudla noma umuthi okusolwayo bese unikwa wona kancane kancane. Uma kukhona ukusabela, udokotela ukulungele ukukwelapha ngokushesha. |
Kungani ngidinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu.
- Uma uhlala unezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezicasulayo (njengokuthimula, isikhumba esilumayo, amehlo abomvu).
- Uma une-asthma. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ukungezwani komzimba kungenza i-asthma ibe yimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-asthma yokungezwani komzimba .
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis .
I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila esingabangela ukuqunjelwa, ukuvuvukala, ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nokwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi (ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic).
Uma unesimo esibi njengalesi, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile. Futhi, uma usengozini, udokotela ukweluleka ukuthi ugcine i -epinephrine auto-injector (isib. EpiPen®) nawe uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngidinga ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba?
Ukungezwani komzimba kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngisho noma wena nomngane wakho nobabili ninokungezwani komzimba nento efanayo, izimpawu zingase zihluke. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile.
Ukungezwani komzimba okubangelwa umoya (ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezifana nothuli kanye nempova emoyeni)
Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi i-allergy rhinitis noma "i-hay fever."
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile
- Amehlo alumayo namanzi
- Ukuminyana kwamakhala, ukuthimula, noma impumulo egobhozayo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
Ukungezwani Nokudla
Izimpawu zivame ukuqala zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30 ngemva kokudla, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingabonakala sekwephuzile amahora amabili.
- Izimpawu zesikhumba: amaqhubu, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe noma ulimi, ukulunywa.
- Izimpawu zesistimu yokuphefumula: ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumula, umuzwa wokuqina esifubeni noma emphinjeni.
- Izimpawu zesistimu yokugaya ukudla: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, izinhlungu esiswini, kanye nesifo sohudo.
- Izimpawu zesistimu yenhliziyo: isikhumba esikhanyayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka, isiyezi.
Ukungezwani komzimba nokuxhumana
Lezi zimpawu zingavela uma une-allergy ezintweni zensimbi ezifana ne-latex, amakha, kanye ne-nickel.
- Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba noma ukuqubuka kwamaqhubu
- Ukudumba nokuvuvukala
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba nokulunywa
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi sizibhala phansi ngokuthi “ziyinto encane nje.” Kodwa ungakwenzi lokho.Ngezinye izikhathi ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kungaba kubi ngendlela engakaze icatshangwe.
Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Yebo. Udokotela wakho uvame ukukucela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi yokungezwani komzimba (njengemithi yokubulala amagciwane ) ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, njengoba le mithi ingathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, uma uthatha imithi ye-asthma, kufanele uqhubeke nokuyisebenzisa. Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yimiphi imithi okufanele uyeke ukuyithatha nokuthi yimiphi okufanele uqhubeke uyithatha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokufika kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa?
Uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi une-allergy, udokotela uzosikisela ukwelashwa okufanele.
- Gwema izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba: Gwema izinto ezikwenza uzwelane nazo ngangokunokwenzeka. Isibonelo, uma uzwelana nempova, zama ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho kumpova ngaphandle.
- Imithi yansuku zonke: Imithi efana nezifutho zamakhala kanye nama-antihistamine ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu.
- Imijovo Yokungezwani Nomzimba: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-immunotherapy . Kuhilela ukuveza umzimba wakho kancane kancane ku-allergen. Lokhu ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside okuthatha cishe iminyaka emi-3-5.
- Ikhadi Lesaziso Sezokwelapha: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba okukhulu agqoke ikhadi noma isongo esinjengalesi uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Ukugcina Umjovo We-Epinephrine: Uma kukhona ingozi ye-anaphylaxis, kubalulekile ukugcina lo mjovo useduze ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ingabe ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba ekhaya kuthembekile?
Lezi zinhlobo zamakhithi okuhlola, atholakala emakhemisi noma ku-inthanethi , azithembekile kakhulu. Imiphumela abayinikezayo ivame ukuba yiphutha. Umphumela ongalungile kanjalo ungakuholela ngisho nasekuyekeni ukudla ukudla okuthile okunomsoco.
Ngakho-ke khumbula njalo, uma usola ukuthi kukhona ukungezwani komzimba, indlela ephephile nenembile kakhulu ukubona udokotela ofanelekayo bese wenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo, kunokuba usheshe ufinyelele eziphethweni ngokwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba kuwukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuphephile okwenziwa ukuthola imbangela eqondile yezimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba, okungukuthi, lokho okubangela ukungezwani komzimba (i-allergen).
- Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlolwa, njengokuhlolwa kwesikhumba nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha okukufanele kakhulu.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuthimula njalo, ukulunywa kwesikhumba, noma ubunzima bokudla ukudla okuthile, ungakuzibi futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Njalo bhala lokhu kuhlolwa ngudokotela, njengoba amakhithi okuhlola ekhaya engathembekile.
- Uma usengozini yokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis), phatha njalo i-epinephrine injector (i-EpiPen) njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalile.
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