Ake sifunde nge-Trochlear Nerve - inzwa ekhethekile ekusiza ukuthi uphendule amehlo akho phansi!

Sawubona! Unjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma nge-nerve ebaluleke kakhulu emehlweni ethu, kodwa mhlawumbe asikaze sizwe okuningi ngayo. Lena yi-trochlear nerve, noma njengoba ibizwa ngesiNgisi `(Trochlear Nerve)`. Lena yi-nerve encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu esiza amehlo ethu ukuthi ahambe, ikakhulukazi uma ebheka phansi. Ake sibone okwengeziwe ngalokhu, akunjalo?

Iyini i-Trochlear Nerve?

Kalula nje, i-trochlear nerve ifana nentambo encane ethwala imiyalezo esuka ebuchosheni bethu iye emehlweni ethu. Ubuwazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingu-12 zemizwa ngaphakathi kwekhanda lethu, esizibiza ngokuthi i-cranial nerve? I-trochlear nerve ingeyesine kulezo eziyishumi nambili (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Cranial Nerve 4 noma i-CN IV).

Eminye imizwa emzimbeni wethu isisiza ukuzwa izinto ezifana nokuthinta kanye nokushisa (okuzwelayo), kanti eminye isisiza ukulawula ukunyakaza. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi oyinhloko walo mzwa we-trochlear ukulawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo ethu. Okusho ukuthi, umzwa we-motor, noma umzwa we-kinesthetic. Sinezimbili zalezi zinzwa ze-trochlear, eyodwa yeso ngalinye.

Yini ngempela le nzwa eyenzayo?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi le nzwa encane yenzani ngempela. Inzwa ye-trochlear inomsebenzi owodwa oyinhloko. Lokho ukuthumela imiyalezo emsipheni okhethekile ngaphakathi kweso lethu, imisipha eqondile ephezulu, ukuze iwushukumise.

Lo mthambo we-trochlear, kanye nalowo "msipha oqondile ophakeme" engiwushilo, ndawonye kusenza sikwazi ukwenza lezi zinto:

• Bheka phansi: Lezi ezimbili ndawonye ziqondisa amehlo akho phansi, njengalapho ufunda incwadi noma wehla izitebhisi.
• Phendukisa amehlo akho abheke ekhaleni lakho: Uma uzama ukubheka ekhaleni lakho.
• Susa amehlo akho ekhaleni lakho (ngaphandle).

Akumangalisi yini? Igama elithi "trochlea" livela egameni lesiLatini elithi "trochleae," elisho "i-pulley." I-pulley yinto esiza ukuphakamisa noma ukwehlisa into ethile. Imisipha eqondile ephezulu, elawula le nzwa, ixhunywe esweni lethu phezulu kweshiya. Le misipha idlula ebhandeni lezicubu ezixhumanisayo, ezisebenza njenge-pulley. Yingakho yaqanjwa igama layo.

Cabanga nje, njengentambo edlula i-pulley idonsa isisindo, lezi zinzwa nemisipha zisebenza ndawonye ukuze ziphendulele amehlo ethu phansi.

Kunezinye izinzwa eziningana ezisiza ekushukumiseni amehlo:

• I-Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
• I-Abducens nerve (CN VI)
• Inzwa yobuso (CN VII) (Lokhu kuhilelekile nasezintweni ezifana nokuvala amehlo)

Uyazi ukuthi i-trochlear nerve ikuphi?

Lo mthambo we-trochlear (CN IV) ulawula umsipha owodwa kuphela, kodwa kufanele uhambe isikhathi eside ukuze ufinyelele lowo msipha. Cabanga nje, yize umncane, uyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi kancane.

Lo mthambo uqala esiqwini sethu sobuchopho . Bese kuthi, ngaphambi kokuxhuma emsipheni oqondile ophezulu phezulu kweshiya, udlule ezindaweni ezine eziyinhloko. Lezi yizi:

1. I-nucleus ye-Trochlear: Lena yingxenye yomthambo we-trochlear oseduze nobuchopho. Itholakala phezulu kwesiqu sobuchopho.

2. Ithangi elizungezile: Le ndawo itholakala eduze kwe-membrane evikelayo ezungeze ubuchopho (ebizwa ngokuthi i-dura mater, ingxenye yama-meninges ethu).

3. I-Cavernous sinus: Lesi isikhala esifana nesikhala esiphakathi kwekhanda lethu.

4. I-Orbit: Lena yimbobo yamathambo ekhanda lapho kutholakala khona amabhola ethu amehlo. Ngemva kokudlula emzileni, i-trochlear nerve ixhuma emsipheni oqondile ophakeme.

Uke wabona ukuthi zingaki izindawo lo mqondo omncane odlule kuzo wenza umsebenzi wawo?

Kwenzekani uma i-trochlear nerve yonakele?

Ngeshwa, uma kukhona umonakalo kulo mthambo we-trochlear, ungathinta umbono wethu nendlela esinyakazisa ngayo amehlo ethu. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi i-fourth nerve palsy noma i-trochlear nerve palsy .

Lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu zalesi simo:

• Ukubona kabili (i-diplopia): Ukubona izinto ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kungaba nzima kakhulu uma ubheka phansi.
• Ukutshekisa intamo ukuze kugwenywe ukukhathala kwamehlo: Abanye abantu bavame ukutshekisa intamo yabo ohlangothini olulodwa ukuze kugwenywe ukukhathala kwamehlo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka enganeni encane, kungabukeka njenge-"torticollis" (intamo egobile).
• Ukungalingani kobuso (i-midfacial hypoplasia): Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abazalwa benalesi simo, kungase kube nokungalingani okuncane phakathi kobuso.
• I-Strabismus: Amehlo angase angabhekiseli ohlangothini olufanayo, kodwa kunalokho elinye lingase liphendukele kolunye.

Kungani lo mthambo we-trochlear ulimala? Ziyini izimbangela?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-trochlear nerve ihamba ibanga elide ngaphakathi kwekhanda lethu, isengozini enkulu yokulimala kuneminye imizwa ye-cranial. Le nerve ingalimala, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda. Cabanga ngalokhu:

• Izingozi zezimoto
• Ezemidlalo ezifana nebhokisi
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nokulimala okuncane ekhanda kungathinta lo mthambo.

Lezi yizizathu eziyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izizathu ezingacacile kangako:

• Isifo se-Microvascular:Lokho kusho izifo ezenzeka emithanjeni yegazi emincane kakhulu emzimbeni.
• Ukucindezeleka okuvela esimilaneni esiseduze: Isimila ebuchosheni noma endaweni eseduze singacindezela le nzwa.
• Ukwanda kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kobuchopho: Uma ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwekhanda kukhuphuka ngesizathu esithile, kungathinta nezinzwa.

Ezinye izingane zizalwa zinezinkinga ngale nzwa ye-trochlear. Odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi yi -congenital fourth nerve palsy .

Ngakho-ke singazigcina kanjani lezi zinzwa ze-trochlear ziphilile?

Ezinye izimbangela zokulimala kwemizwa ye-trochlear, njengezimo zokuzalwa, kunzima ukuzivimbela. Kodwa-ke, singayinciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokulimala kwale mizwa ngokugwema ukulimala ekhanda . Bheka ukuthi ungakwenza yini lokhu:

• Uma unengane noma ingane encane ekhaya lakho, cabanga ngokuvikela izingane ekhaya lakho: Qaphela izindawo lapho izingane zingawa khona bese zishaya amakhanda azo. Susa izinto ezibukhali.
• Uma kukhona umuntu osekhulile ekhaya ongenazo izilinganiso eziqinile futhi onamathuba amaningi okuwa, dala indawo lapho angahlala khona ephephile.
• Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo njalo uma ugibele imoto. Sebenzisa isihlalo semoto esifanele izingane ezincane.
• Gqoka isigqoko njalo uma ugibela ibhayisikili, isithuthuthu, noma udlala imidlalo yokuthintana. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu!

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izinto ezilandelayo zisiza ekugcineni uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa luphilile:

• Yidla ukudla okunomsoco. Ukudla okucebile ngevithamini D kanye nevithamini B12 kuhle kakhulu empilweni yezinzwa.
• Uma unezimo zesikhathi eside ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, zilawule kahle, njengoba lezi zimo zingalimaza imizwa.
• Uma ubhema, cela usizo lokuyeka. Ukubhema kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya emizweni.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka. Ukuzindla, ukuhambahamba, noma ukwenza okuthile okuphumuzayo okujabulelayo kungasiza.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-fourth nerve palsy, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ungazinaki izinguquko, ikakhulukazi uma ziba zimbi kakhulu, njengokubona okufiphele uma ubheka phansi noma ukubona kabili.

Ungase ucabange, "O, lokhu kuyinto encane nje." Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kukhulunywa ngezinkinga zamehlo.

Ake sikhumbule lokhu-ke!

Ngakho-ke, manje usuyazi ukuthi uma uhlala ubheka phansi, ubheka impumulo yakho, noma uhambisa amehlo akho kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye, inzwa yakho ye-trochlear iyakusiza ukwenza lokho.

Kodwa-ke, uma ngokuzumayo uqala ukubona ngambili, noma uma kudingeka ugobe intamo yakho ukuze ubone kahle, kungase kube ngenxa yomonakalo othile emthanjeni we-trochlear.

Ngezikhathi ezinjalo , ungabi yisivila noma wesabe ukubona udokotela. Bangenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze bathole ukuthi unesifo sokukhubazeka kwemizwa noma kukhona yini okunye okungahambi kahle. Ukuthola ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungavimbela isimo ukuba sibi kakhulu.

Ngikufisela impilo enhle!

I- Trochlear Neva, I-Neva yeso, Ukunyakaza kwamehlo, I-Fourth cranial nerve, i-CN IV, Ukubona kabili, Ukulimala kwemizwa, Izifo zamehlo