Ingabe ungumuntu ovame ukuba ne-allergies? Ingabe uqala ukulunywa ngemva kokuphefumula okunothuli, ingabe uthola ama-rashes ngemva kokudla ukudla, noma ingabe umane uziklwebha umzimba wakho ngezinye izikhathi? Namuhla sikhuluma ngesosha elincane kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu ngemuva kwazo zonke lezi zinto. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona igama elithi 'Basophils' komunye wemibiko yakho yegazi, okungukuthi, 'ekubalweni kwegazi okugcwele'. Ngakho-ke, ayini lawa ma-basophil ? Kungani imizimba yethu iwadinga? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula neqondakala kalula.
Iyini ngempela i-basophil?
Kalula nje, ama-basophil awuhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi (`i-White Blood Cell` - WBC) egazini lethu. Cabanga ukuthi umzimba wethu ufana nezwe. Khona-ke amaseli amhlophe egazi angamandla okuvikela aleli zwe. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamandla kula mandla. Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Ama-basophil ayizinhlobo ezincane kakhulu kwezinhlanu, okusho ukuthi angamandla angavamile kakhulu.
Ngaphakathi kwala maseli e-basophil kukhona ama-granule amancane. La ma-granule agcwele ikhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine. Le histamine inesibopho samehlo alumayo, abomvu, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo olitholayo uma une-allergy. Ama-basophil asiza futhi ekuvikeleni imizimba yethu ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane futhi aphulukise amanxeba .
Imvelo kanye nezakhiwo zama-basophil
Lezi zimpawu zama-basophil zibaluleke kakhulu kodokotela ukuze baxilonge izifo ezithile. Ake sibheke ulwazi oluthile mayelana naleli sosha elincane.
| Isici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Usayizi | Lezi zincane kakhulu, zingama-micrometer angu-5-10 (µm) ngobukhulu. |
| Ukubukeka nombala | Uma kufakwa udayi okhethekile (ibala likaWright-Giemsa), ama-granule agcwele i-histamine ngaphakathi kwala maseli abonakala ephuzi ngokumnyama. Lawa angabonakala kalula ngaphansi kwe-microscope. |
| Isikhungo seseli (i-Nucleus) | Isikhungo seseli ngokuvamile sibunjwa njengohlamvu 'S'. |
| Isikhathi sokuphila kanye nokuzalwa | Ama-basophil akhiqizwa emnkantsheni wamathambo ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu. Uma esekhiqizwe lapho, aphila cishe amahora angama-60 kuphela ngemva kokungena egazini. |
| Amamaki Okuphezulu | Amaprotheni athile akhethekile ebusweni bala maseli (njenge-`CD-123`, `CD-193`) asiza odokotela ukuxilonga izifo ezifana nomdlavuza othile wegazi (`Leukemia`). |
Iyiphi inkonzo enikezwa ama-basophil emizimbeni yethu?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wama-basophil ukukhulula i-histamine esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, la maseli amancane enza umsebenzi omuhle emizimbeni yethu.
- Ukuvikelwa kuma- Allergens : Uma izinto ezifana nothuli nempova zingena emzimbeni, ziyazilwa nazo.
- Ukulwa nezimbungulu: Lokhu kusebenza ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwezimbungulu ezifana nezibungu .
- Ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba : Kuyasiza enkambisweni yokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba.
- Ukuvimbela amahlule egazi: Lawa maseli akhipha nekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-heparin, esiza ekuncibilikiseni amahlule egazi angafuneki.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-allergies kanye ne-basophils
Cabanga ngomiyane ukuluma isandla sakho. Ngemva kwesikhashana, indawo iba bomvu, ivuvuke, futhi ilume kakhulu, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenziwa yi-histamine, ekhishwa kuma-basophil.
Lokho okwenziwa yi-histamine ukwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi endaweni. Lokhu kuletha igazi eliningi endaweni, "kulihlanze", kusize ekususeni i-allergen. Lokhu kuvuvukala nokuvuvukala empeleni kuyingxenye yenqubo yokuphulukisa.
Uma i-allergen ingena emzimbeni womuntu one-allergy, amasosha omzimba enza uhlobo lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi i-Immunoglobulin E (IgE). Le IgE iyahamba bese inamathela ku-allergen. Bese kufika ama-basophil ahlasele le-IgE-allergen complex, akhiphe yonke i-histamine anayo ngaphakathi. Yilapho uthola khona izimpawu ze-allergy.
- Impumulo egobhozayo, ukuthimula
- Amehlo abomvu, alumayo
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula ezigulini ze-asthma
Uhlola kanjani izinga le-basophil egazini lakho?
Uma udokotela wakho ekuyala ukuba wenze isivivinyo esithi `Complete Blood Count (CBC)`, noma njengoba sikubiza kanjalo, `full blood count,` isibalo se-basophil sizofakwa kulowo mbiko. Lokhu kungafakwa embikweni ngezindlela ezimbili.
1. Njengephesenti (%): Yiliphi iphesenti lamaseli amhlophe egazi eliphelele elingama-basophil? Ngokuvamile lokhu kuyinani elincane kakhulu, cishe liyi-0.5% - 1%.
2. Inani Eliphelele: Inani langempela lama-basophil nge-milliliter ngayinye yegazi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqhathanisa amanani akho nekholomu ethi 'Normal Range' noma 'Reference Range' embikweni wakho webhulebhu, njengoba la manani ajwayelekile angahluka kancane kuye ngomshini osetshenziswa kubhulebhu ngayinye.
| Izinga | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukubala Okuvamile | Phakathi kuka-0.5% - 2% wamaseli amhlophe egazi. Inani eliphelele ngokuvamile lingasukela ku-0.01 x 10⁹/L kuya ku-0.08 x 10⁹/L. |
| Izinga elikhuphukile (i-Basophilia) | Amazinga e-basophil aphezulu kunokuvamile. |
| Izinga eliphansi (i-Basopenia) | Amazinga e-basophil ehla ngaphansi kwejwayelekile. |
Ingabe ukwanda kwama-basophil (basophilia) kuyingozi?
Ukwanda kwamazinga e-basophil kwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi ``i-Basophilia.'' Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezifana nokudla, imithi, uthuli, njll.
- Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izifo ezifana ne-chickenpox kanye ne-influenza.
- Izinkinga ze-thyroid: I-hormone ye-thyroid ephansi (`i-Hypothyroidism`).
- Izifo zesikhumba: Izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema njenge-atopic dermatitis.
- Izifo zegazi: Izimo ezifana ne-polycythemia vera.
- Ezinye izimo zomdlavuza: Umdlavuza wegazi njenge-chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
Ungakhathazeki ngalolu hlu. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwanda okuncane kwama-basophil kungabangelwa yinto elula njengokungezwani komzimba okuvamile. Kodwa kufanele ushiyele udokotela wakho ukuthola imbangela eqondile. Uzokwenza ezinye izivivinyo uma kudingeka ukuqinisekisa imbangela.
Kuyini i-basopenia?
Ukwehla kwamazinga e-basophil kubizwa ngokuthi ``Basopenia``. Lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu kune ``Basophilia``. Lokhu kungabangelwa nezizathu eziningana.
- Ezinye izifo.
- Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone ye-thyroid (`i-Hyperthyroidism`).
- Ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy okusheshayo (`Anaphylaxis`).
- Ezinye izifo zesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, isibonelo i-'Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)'.
Ukwehla kwama-basophil kungaba nomthelela enkambisweni yokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba emzimbeni wethu.
Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha
Nakuba ukungezwani komzimba okuvamile kungeyona ingozi, ngezinye izikhathi amasosha omzimba angasabela ngokweqile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Anaphylaxis'.
I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esisongela ukuphila. Uma wena noma omunye umuntu nihlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, hambani niye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi, noma ubuso
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ubunzima bokugwinya
- Ukuqubuka noma ukubomvu kwesikhumba emzimbeni wonke
- Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, noma isifo sohudo
- Ukuqina kwesifuba noma umsindo wokushaya ikhwela
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ubuthakathaka
Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-Basophil awuhlobo olubalulekile lwamaseli amhlophe egazini ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela olulwa nokungezwani komzimba kanye nokutheleleka ngamagciwane.
- I-Histamine, ekhishwa yibo, iyimbangela yezimpawu eziningi zokungezwani komzimba, njengokulunywa nokuvuvukala.
- Uma izinga lakho le-basophil embikweni wakho wegazi lingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, ungesabi futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho. Ngokuvamile imbangela ingaba yinto elula.
- Uma ubhekene nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula nokuvuvukala kobuso, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
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