Uyazi ukuthi ubani owenza lezi zinto ezibalulekile emphinjeni wakho nasolimini lwakho? Ake sixoxe nge-Glossopharyngeal Nerve!

Sonke siyazi ukuthi imizimba yethu inezingxenye ezahlukene ezenza izinto ezahlukene. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, yizinto ezincane ezenza umehluko omkhulu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngeyodwa eyenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emphinjeni nasemlonyeni wethu buthule. Leyo yi-glossopharyngeal nerve, noma `(Glossopharyngeal Nerve)`.

Ake siqale sibone, kuyini i-nerve?

Kalula nje, imizwa ifana nezintambo ezincane ezigijima emizimbeni yethu. Ziyingxenye yesimiso sethu sezinzwa. Imiyalezo yamakhemikhali kanye nekagesi evela ebuchosheni bethu (ebizwa nangokuthi ama-neurons) ihamba ngalezi zintambo iye ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Cabanga ngazo njengezintambo zocingo. Lena yindlela ubuchopho obungakhuluma futhi bushintshane ngayo imiyalezo nezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ngakho-ke, iyini le nzwa ye-glossopharyngeal?

I-glossopharyngeal nerve iyisi-9 (CN IX) yemizwa eyishumi nambili eyinhloko (ebizwa nangokuthi imizwa ye-cranial) ekhanda lethu. Le mizwa iqala esiqwini sethu sobuchopho. Ukusuka lapho, ixhumana nezitho zomzimba, imisipha, nezinye izakhiwo emlonyeni nasemphinjeni wethu. Okubalulekile ukuthi le mizwa iyabhangqwana, okusho ukuthi itholakala nhlangothi zombili.

I-glossopharyngeal nerve iphelela entanyeni yethu, ngemuva komphimbo wethu. Inemisebenzi eminingi, omunye wayo obaluleke kakhulu ukusiza ngenqubo yokugwinya. Ngokumangalisayo, le nerve ingenye yemizwa embalwa emzimbeni wethu equkethe imicu evela kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zemizwa:

• Imicu yokunyakaza: Isiza ekunyakaziseni imisipha, okungukuthi, isiza ekunyakaziseni imicu yokunyakaza.
• I-Parasympathetic: Uma siphumule futhi singasebenzi, kusiza izicubu zethu nezitho zethu ukuthi ziphumule futhi zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo.
• Imicu yezinzwa: Isinika imizwa. Okusho ukuthi, isenza sikwazi ukuzwa izinto ezifana nokunambitha, ukuthinta, kanye nokushisa.

Cabanga ukuthi zingaki imisebenzi ehlukene engenziwa yinzwa eyodwa!

Yimiphi imisebenzi ye-Glossopharyngeal Nerve?

Lo mzwelo uthonya imisipha eminingi, izitho zomzimba, kanye nezinqubo zomzimba emphinjeni wethu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• I-Carotid Sinus: Lesi isikhala esincane esingenalutho. Sisiza ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka ebuchosheni bethu kuya emthanjeni we-carotid, umthambo wegazi omkhulu entanyeni yethu. Siphinde sidlale indima ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi .
• Indlebe Ephakathi: Uyakhumbula umuzwa wokugcwala lapho uzwa ubuhlungu bendlebe noma lapho indlebe yakho igcwele amanzi? Imicu yezinzwa kule nerve isisiza ukuba sizwe leyo mizwa nezinhlungu.
• I-Parotid Gland: Le nerve ye-CN IX isiza ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe ngemva kokuqeda ukudla.
• Ingxenye yolimi:I-glossopharyngeal nerve isisiza ukunambitha ingxenye yesithathu yolimi lwethu.
• Imisipha ye-Stylopharyngeus: Lona umsipha omude ogeleza ohlangothini lomphimbo wethu. Lo mthambo uxhumeka kulo msipha futhi usiza ukuphakamisa i-larynx, okuyibhokisi lethu lezwi, kanye ne-pharynx eseduze. Yilokhu okusivumela ukuthi sigwinye.
• Amathonsili: Imicu yezinzwa ekule nerve isisiza ukuba sizwe ubuhlungu esibuzwayo lapho sinomphimbo obuhlungu noma lapho amathonsili ethu evuvukala ngenxa yokutheleleka.

Iyini i-anatomy yale nerve? Okusho ukuthi, itholakala kanjani?

Inzwa ye-glossopharyngeal iqala engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu sobuchopho bethu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-medulla oblongata . Bese idlula ezakhiweni eziningana entanyeni ukuze ifinyelele epharynx.

Ake sibheke indlela ethathwa yile nzwa:

• Iphuma ekhanda ngembobo encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-jugular foramen .
• Ihamba entanyeni kanye nomthambo wegazi obizwa ngokuthi umthambo we-jugular.
• Ngaphansi kwendlebe, inqubo ye-styloid, ithambo elicijile ekhanda, igijima ngemuva.
• Goba phambili bese uthinta umsipha we-stylopharyngeus (eduze komphimbo).
• Umsipha we-hyoglossus ugijima ngaphansi. Lo msipha yiwona osiza ukwehlisa ulimi lwethu bese uludonsela ngemuva komlomo wethu.

Yiziphi izimo ezithinta i-glossopharyngeal nerve?

Ngeshwa, kunezimo eziningana ezingathinta le nerve ye-CN IX, ezinye zazo ezingathinta ngisho nekhwalithi yokuphila kwethu.

• I-Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia (GPN): Lesi yisimo lapho kukhona ubuhlungu obuhlabayo emphinjeni, ngemuva kolimi, noma endlebeni ephakathi obuvela emisebenzini efana nokuthimula, ukuhlafuna ukudla, noma ukugwinya. Abanye abantu baze babe nobunzima bokudla ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi ubuhlungu buzobuya. Cabanga ukuthi lokho kuyacasula kangakanani.
• I-Glossopharyngeal Nerve Palsy: Lesi simo singase senzeke uma umsebenzi we-CN IX nerve uthintwa yingozi noma ukugula. I-nerve ingakhubazeka kancane noma ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo. Ngezinye izikhathi ingase yenzeke njengomphumela wesimo esifana nesifo sohlangothi .

Yiziphi ezinye izimo ezingathinta lo mthambo?

Kunezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi:

• Umdlavuza kanye nezimila:
• Ubuchopho.
• Izindebe, ulimi, nezinye izingxenye zomlomo.
• Ingxenye ephakathi yomphimbo (i-Oropharynx).
• Isisekelo Sekhanda.
• Amathonsili.
• I-Larynx.
• Izinkinga ezivela ezinqubweni zezokwelapha:
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Carotid Endarterectomy: Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa yokususa amafutha aqongelelwe emthanjeni we-carotid entanyeni. Lo mthambo unikeza igazi ebuchosheni bethu. Lo mthambo useduze kakhulu nomthambo we-glossopharyngeal. Ngakho-ke, lo mthambo ungonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
• Ukubekwa Kwendlela Yomoya Yesivikelo Se-Laryngeal: Lena yipayipi odokotela abalifaka ngomlomo liye engxenyeni engenhla yomphimbo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ukuze banikeze umoya-mpilo noma imithi yokubulala izinzwa. Le payipi ingalimaza izicubu ezibucayi emphinjeni, okuhlanganisa ne-glossopharyngeal nerve.
• Ukususwa kwamathonsi: Abanye abantu bangase babe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Eagle Syndrome ngemva kokususwa kwamathonsi abo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izicubu ezengeziwe zesilonda ezivela ekuhlinzeni zibangela ingcindezi emithanjeni yekhanda eseduze. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu emphinjeni, entanyeni, noma ezindlebeni.

Lezi zinkinga zemizwa zingavinjelwa kanjani?

Eqinisweni, ezinye izimo ezithinta i-CN IX nerve zingase zingavinjelwa. Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-glossopharyngeal neuralgia zingenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.

Kodwa-ke, uma udinga inqubo yezokwelapha, njengokuhlinzwa, yenkinga yezinzwa ye-CN IX, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi. Odokotela abenza njalo uhlobo lokuhlinzwa ofuna ukulwenza bangcono kakhulu.

Futhi, kunezinto esingazenza ukuvimbela ezinye izimo, njengomdlavuza womlomo nomphimbo. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Uma usebenzisa ugwayi, yeka ukubhema.
• Ukunciphisa inani kanye nokuvama kokusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) .
• Ukuphila impilo enempilo ngokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzilolonga njalo .

Udinga ukubona udokotela ngasiphi isikhathi?

Bona udokotela uma unalezi zimpawu:

• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia).
• Uma uzizwa unzima noma ungakwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho.
• Uma umlomo wakho womile.
• Uma uzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwe umuzwa ngemuva komlomo wakho.
• I-gag reflex, okuyimpendulo yokukhakhazeka ngemuva komphimbo, ibuthakathaka noma ayikho. (Lokhu kungaba nzima ngawe ukukuqonda, kodwa udokotela angakuhlola.)

Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kunokuzishaya indiva.

Ngakho-ke, yini into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) iyinzwa ebaluleke kakhulu ehlinzeka ngezitho zomzimba, imisipha, nezinye izakhiwo emlonyeni nasemphinjeni wethu. Le nzwa isisiza ukunambitha ukudla futhi sizwe ubuhlungu emphinjeni wethu. Le nzwa ingonakala ngezizathu ezahlukene, njengomdlavuza nezinkinga ezivela ezinqubweni zezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, singayinciphisa le ngozi ngokuphila impilo enempilo futhi, uma kudingeka, sifune ukwelashwa kodokotela abanolwazi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela le ngxenye encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wakho.

I- glossopharyngeal nerve, uhlelo lwezinzwa, umphimbo obuhlungu, ubunzima bokugwinya, izinzwa zekhanda, i-CN IX, i-neuropathy