Ingabe imithambo yegazi yakho entanyeni yakho ivaliwe? Ake sixoxe nge-Carotid Ultrasound!

Wake wezwa ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Carotid Ultrasound? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ngakho, noma mhlawumbe umane nje unesithakazelo kukho. Ungakhathazeki, kuwukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu, okungenabuhlungu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, akunjalo?

Iyini i-ultrasound ye-carotid?

Kalula nje, i-carotid ultrasound iwukuhlolwa okubheka ingaphakathi lemithambo yakho ye-carotid . Le mithambo yegazi itholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zentamo yakho, futhi inikeza igazi ebuchosheni bakho . Ngakho ungacabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukugcina le mithambo iphilile.

Lokhu kuhlola kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zangaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho. Kufana nokuskena kwe-ultrasound kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kodwa kwenziwa entanyeni yakho. Kusebenzisa nobuchwepheshe obubizwa ngokuthi i-Doppler ultrasound . Kungabona ukuthi igazi lihamba kahle kangakanani futhi lishesha kangakanani emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Akumangalisi yini?

Kudingeka nini lokhu kuhlolwa?

Udokotela uzofuna ukwenza lolu vivinyo lwe-carotid ultrasound ikakhulukazi ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini amahlule egazi noma ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) emithanjeni yakho ye-carotid. Lawa ma-fatty deposits afana nokugqwala epayipini lamanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungakha futhi kuvimbe imithambo yegazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, inani legazi eliya ebuchosheni lingancipha, okuholela esimweni esiyingozi njenge -stroke .

Cabanga nje, lokhu kufana nepayipi lamanzi engadini yakho elinodaka olunamathele ngaphakathi futhi oluvimbela amanzi ukuthi ageleze. Yingakho kubalulekile ukugcina la mapayipi ehlanzekile.

Ubani obaluleke kakhulu kulolu vivinyo?

Udokotela wakho angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma uke wahlinzwa ukuze kususwe umthambo wegazi ovalekile.
• Uma i -stent ifakiwe emthanjeni we-carotid, hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi isebenza kahle yini.
• Uma ukuhlolwa kwangaphambilini kwembule ukuthi umthambo wegazi uvalekile kancane, qapha njalo.
• Uma udokotela ezwa umsindo ongajwayelekile (i-bruit) , njengomsindo wokushaya ikhwela, lapho ebeka i-stethoscope entanyeni yakho.
• Uma une -high blood pressure noma i-cholesterol ephezulu .
• Uma uke waba nesifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okuhamba kancane (i-TIA) , okufana nesifo sohlangothi esincane futhi sesilulame.
• Uma ulungiselela ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass .
• KuweUma unesifo sikashukela.
• Uma kukhona emndenini wakho oke waba nesifo sohlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo.
• Uma kukhona iqhubu (i-hematoma) legazi eliqoqwe endaweni yentamo.

Yini efunwa yi-Doppler ultrasound?

Besebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe be-Doppler, odokotela bangathola ukuqonda okungcono ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Kwenzeka kanjani ukugeleza kwegazi?
• Ingabe kukhona ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha komthambo wegazi?
• Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka futhi ukubona noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa noma izimila.

Ubani owenza lolu vivinyo lwe-carotid ultrasound?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa yi -sonographer noma isazi se-ultrasound. Ngezinye izikhathi isazi se-radiology , udokotela ohlaziya izithombe eziskeniwe, angenza lokhu kuhlolwa.

Lolu vivinyo lusebenza kanjani? Kulula kakhulu!

I-carotid ultrasound ayisebenzisi noma yimiphi imisebe , ngakho-ke iphephile kakhulu. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala izithombe zangaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho ye-carotid.

Udokotela usebenzisa idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-transducer (njengeskena esincane esihlola intengo yezimpahla esitolo) esikhumbeni sentamo yakho ukuthumela lawa maza omsindo. Lapho lawa maza omsindo eshaya imithambo yegazi futhi ebuyela emuva, ulwazi luthunyelwa kukhompyutha, lapho ludalwa khona njengesithombe. Lezi zithombe zingaqoshwa njengevidiyo noma zilondolozwe njengezithombe.

Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela ngqo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?

Cha, awudingi ukulungiselela okuningi kangako. Kodwa-ke, kungumqondo omuhle ukugqoka ihembe elikhululekile nelikhululekile elingambozi intamo yakho . Uma ihembe lakho liphezulu kakhulu entanyeni yakho, kungadingeka ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela. Futhi, uma ugqoke umgexo noma amacici , kungumqondo omuhle ukuwasusa ngoba kungaphazamisa ukuhlolwa.

Yini ongayilindela ngosuku lokuhlolwa?

Kuzodingeka wenze lokhu kuhlolwa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho noma esibhedlela. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-45 .

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Okokuqala, udokotela noma i-sonographer uzofaka ijeli ecacile ezinhlangothini zentamo yakho . (Khumbula, kunemithambo emibili ye-carotid, eyodwa ohlangothini ngalunye lwentamo yakho.) Le jeli ingase izwakale ifudumele kancane. Le jeli isetshenziswa ukusiza amaza omsindo ahambe phakathi kwe-transducer nemithambo yegazi yakho.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungazulazuli ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Lena yindlela ongathola ngayo izithombe ezicacile.

Ngesikhathi ulele embhedeni, udokotela ubeka i-transducer esikhumbeni kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zentamo yakho bese eyicindezela phansi. Njengoba amaza omsindo avela ku-transducer egxuma emithanjeni yegazi, ikhompyutha isebenzisa lolo lwazi ukudala isithombe. Udokotela uhambisa i-transducer emuva naphambili phezu kwesikhumba sakho aze abe nazo zonke izithombe azidingayo.

Ngeke uzwe la maza omsindo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuyi-Doppler ultrasound, ungase uzwe umsindo othi "swish swish" njengamanzi ageleza emzimbeni , kanye nokushintsha komsindo.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Uma ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, udokotela uzokunika ithawula lokusula ijeli ebelifakwe entanyeni yakho . Ngemva kwalokho, uma ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela, ungagqoka izingubo zakho. Uma ungatholi imiphumela ngalolo suku, ungaya ekhaya. Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile .

Ingabe kukhona ingozi kulokhu?

Akukho bungozi . Ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile kancane uma ubeka i-transducer entanyeni yakho, kodwa akukho buhlungu nhlobo . Ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokwesaba.

Injani imiphumela? Isho ukuthini?

Imiphumela udokotela wakho ayitholayo izokutshela ukuthi imithambo yakho yegazi inciphile noma ivalekile kangakanani. Lokhu kuvezwa njengephesenti , noma ku-100.

Uyini umphumela ojwayelekile?

Uma uthola umphumela ojwayelekile, kusho ukuthi akukho ukuvaleka noma ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi yakho ye-carotid. Yizindaba ezinhle lezo!

Kuthiwani uma kuvela umphumela ongavamile?

Uma imiphumela ingavamile, kusho ukuthi ungase ube ne -atherosclerosis , i-blood clot, noma enye inkinga enciphisa imithambo yegazi. Lesi simo sandisa ingozi yakho yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.

Ukwelashwa kunqunywa kanjani?

Uma une-fatty deposits (i-plaque) komunye noma kokubili kwemithambo yakho ye-carotid, kodwa ukuvaleka kungaphansi kuka-50% (komuntu onezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi) noma ngaphansi kuka-60% (komuntu ongenazo izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi), udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi ushintshe ukudla kwakho, uvivinye umzimba, futhi uyeke ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase anikeze imithi efana nalokhu:

• Imithi yokuncibilikisa amahlule egazi (isib. `I-Thrombolytics`)
• Imithi yokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi (isib. i-Aspirin noma i-Clopidogrel)
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (isb., `ama-Statins`)
• Imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi (isib. `Imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi`)

Kodwa-ke, uma ukuvaleka kungaphezu kwalokho (50% noma ngaphezulu kumuntu onezimpawu zohlangothi, 60% noma ngaphezulu kumuntu ongenazo izimpawu zohlangothi), udokotela angase atuse ukuhlinzwa kwe-carotid endarterectomy ukuze kususwe amafutha agciniwe.Kunganconywa ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-carotid artery bypass graft (ABP). Imiphumela ye-carotid ultrasound isetshenziswa ukuhlela lokhu kuhlinzwa, njengoba ikhombisa ngqo ukuthi ukuvaleka kuphi. Okunye ukwelashwa kokuvaleka okukhulu yi -angioplasty . Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ama-fatty deposits ezindongeni zomthambo wegazi, kwandise ukugeleza kwegazi. Ngemva kwe-angioplasty, i- stent ingafakwa ukuze igcine umthambo wegazi uvulekile.

I-Carotid ultrasound ivame ukuba nembambo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ingabonisa ukuvaleka okungekho ngempela. Futhi, ulwazi lwe-sonographer lungenza umehluko. Lokhu kuskena kuvame ukuba nezinkinga ezinkulu kunezincane. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angayala ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwezithombe, njenge- cerebral angiography , i-CT angiography (CTA) , noma i-magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) . Ngezinye izikhathi, amathambo entanyeni yakho angavimba i-ultrasound ukuthi ibone izingxenye zomthambo wakho we-carotid. I-Ultrasound ayikwazi "ukubona" ​​ngethambo.

Ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi

Udokotela wakho uzophinde anqume ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe kwezinye izici eziyingozi zesifo sohlangothi onazo. Usengozini enkulu yesifo sohlangothi uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• I-cholesterol ephezulu
• Isifo sikashukela
• Isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD)
• I-fibrillation ye-atrial (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile)
• Isifo se-sickle cell
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Isifo senhliziyo

Ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi, ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi nosawoti, kanye nokungenzi lutho nakho kwandisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwazi imiphumela?

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela we-radiologist angakhuluma nawe ngalolo suku futhi akutshele imiphumela. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela we-radiologist uzothumela imiphumela ye-carotid ultrasound kudokotela wakho, ozokutshela ngayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Ingabe udinga ukubona udokotela futhi?

Uma ungakayitholi imiphumela yakho ye-carotid ultrasound ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Ngemva kokuthola imiphumela yakho, uma unemibuzo mayelana nokwelashwa owanikezwa kona, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

I-Carotid Ultrasound iyindlela elula yokuthola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha kwemithambo yakho ye-carotid. Ayibuhlungu futhi ayithathi isikhathi eside ukuyenza.Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi unemithambo yegazi enciphile, kungadingeka wenze izinguquko ezithile endleleni yakho yokuphila. Ngisho noma into efana nokuhlinzwa ikulungele, usenganciphisa ingozi yakho yokushaywa unhlangothi ngokwamukela imikhuba emihle yempilo . Ngaphambi kokuthi wazi, lezi zinguquko ezinempilo zizoba yingxenye yempilo yakho, futhi ngeke kudingeke ucabange ngazo, zizoba umkhuba nje.

Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela wakho ekucela ukuthi wenze lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa, ungesabi ukuqhubeka nalo. Kuzoba usizo olukhulu empilweni yakho!

I- Carotid ultrasound, imithambo yegazi entanyeni, isifo sohlangothi, i-Doppler scan, ukugcinwa kwamafutha, i-cholesterol, umfutho wegazi