Ake sixoxe 'ngokwangaphakathi kwethu ngaphandle': i-adrenal cortex!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi izingxenye ezincane emzimbeni wakho zisebenza kangakanani? Ngezinye izikhathi asiqapheli, kodwa asikwazi ukuhlala siphilile ngaphandle kwazo. Enye ingxenye ebaluleke kangaka, kodwa esingakhulumi kakhulu ngayo, yi-adrenal cortex, noma ngesiNgisi, ``(Adrenal Cortex)``. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini i-adrenal cortex? Ikuphi?

Kalula nje, ingxenye engaphandle yendlala yakho ye-adrenal yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-adrenal cortex. Ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningana abalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemizimba yethu.

Cabanga nje, uneenso ezimbili, futhi phezu kwalezo zinso ezimbili, njengesembozo, kukhona lezi zindlala ezimbili ze-adrenal. Ukuze kube sobala, ngaphansi nje kwekheji lakho lezimbambo. Ngaphakathi kwale ndlala ye-adrenal kukhona okuthiwa "i-Cortex". Le cortex yingxenye enkulu kakhulu yendlala, okusho ukuthi cishe u-85% wezicubu zendlala ye-adrenal zakhiwe ngayo. Le ndlala ibunjwe njengekhukhi lenhlanhla laseShayina!

Ngaphezu kwe-cortex, i-adrenal gland nayo inengxenye encane yangaphakathi, ebizwa ngokuthi ingxenye ephakathi noma `(medulla) .` Kodwa namuhla sikhuluma kakhulu nge-cortex yangaphandle `(Cortex).`

Izendlalelo ze-Adrenal Cortex kanye nemisebenzi yazo

Le adrenal cortex akuyona uhlobo olulodwa lwezicubu. Inezingqimba ezintathu ezibonakala ngokucacile, okungukuthi, izingqimba ezintathu. Into emangalisayo ukuthi ngayinye yalezi zingqimba ikhiqiza ama-hormone ahlukene, kodwa abaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ake sibone ukuthi ayini?

• I-Zona glomerulosa: Lolu ungqimba olungaphandle kakhulu.
• I-Zona fasciculata: Lokhu kuphakathi nendawo.
• I-Zona reticularis: Lena ungqimba olungaphakathi kakhulu.

Manje ake sibheke kabanzi ama-hormone akhiqizwa yilezi zingqimba kanye nezinsizakalo azinikezayo emizimbeni yethu.

I-Zona glomerulosa - I-hormone ebalulekile evela ongqimbeni olungaphandle

Lolu ngqimba olungaphandle lukhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-aldosterone . Lokhu kuthinta imizimba yethu ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Isibonelo, le hormone isiza ukulawula inani lamanzi emzimbeni wakho, okuwukugcinwa kwamanzi . Iphinde isize umzimba wakho ukuthi umunce i-sodium emathunjini akho futhi ikhiphe i-potassium eningi emchameni wakho . Lokhu kusiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nebhalansi kasawoti.

I-Zona fasciculata - "I-hormone yokucindezeleka" evela ebuchosheni obuphakathi

Ingqimba ephakathi, i-zona fasciculata, ikhiqiza i-cortisol.Lena i-hormone eyaziwa kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi wake wayizwa ibizwa ngokuthi "i-hormone yokucindezeleka." Kodwa akwenzeki nje kuphela uma ucindezelekile. Nakhu ekwenzayo:

• Ilawula amazinga kashukela egazini: Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini lakho elawulwa.
• Kusiza ngokusetshenziswa kwe-metabolism: Lokhu kubalulekile enqubweni yokuguqula ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, namafutha esiwadlayo abe amandla adingwa yimizimba yethu.
• Ilawula umfutho wegazi: Lokhu kubalulekile futhi ekugcineni umfutho wegazi wakho ulawulwa.
• Ivimbela Ukuvuvukala: Kusiza ukulawula ukuvuvukala nokubomvu (ukuvuvukala) kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba.
• Ilawula umjikelezo wokulala nokuvuka: Njengewashi elikusiza ukuthi ulale ebusuku futhi uvuke ekuseni.
• Ukucindezeleka kwandisa amazinga kashukela: Uma ubhekene nosongo noma ingcindezi engazelelwe, amazinga kashukela egazini lakho akhuphuka ngokushesha ukuze akunike amandla owadingayo ukuze ubhekane nakho.

Uyabona, i-``(Cortisol)`` akuyona nje i-hormone!

I-Zona reticularis - ama-hormone ocansi avela ngaphakathi kakhulu

Lolu ngqimba lwangaphakathi, i-zona reticularis, lukhiqiza ama-hormone ocansi abizwa ngokuthi ama-androgens . Elinye lalawa abaluleke kakhulu yi -DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) . Lawa ma-hormone e-androgen abalulekile kokubili kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Bheka:

• Kusiza ngokuqina kwamathambo: Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni uhlelo lwamathambo luqinile.
• Kufaka isandla ekuthombeni: Lawa ma-hormone athinta izinguquko zomzimba ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
• Kusiza ekukhiqizeni amangqamuzana abomvu egazi: Lokhu futhi kunegalelo ekukhiqizweni kwamangqamuzana abomvu athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke.
• Isekela ukusebenza kocansi.

Lawa ma-hormone e-androgen enza eminye imisebenzi eminingana ekhethekile emzimbeni wesilisa :

• Ukujula kwezwi: Lezi zici zibangela ukuthi izintambo zezwi zinde futhi zishintshe izwi.
• Ukukhula kwezinwele ebusweni nasesifubeni.
• Kusiza ekukhuleni kwesidoda.

Lawa ma-hormone e-androgen nawo anendima ekhethekile emzimbeni wesifazane :

• Ilawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini wanyanga zonke.
• Kudlala indima ekukhulelweni nasekukhulelweni.
• Kunciphisa ukulahleka kwamathambo.

Manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi le ngxenye encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-adrenal cortex isebenza kangakanani ngasese emizimbeni yethu.

Ikhula kanjani i-adrenal cortex?

Okumangalisayo ngempela ukuthi le adrenal cortex, yonke indlala ye-adrenal, yiyo eqala ukukhula.Emasontweni okuqala okukhulelwa, indlala inezingxenye ezimbili: indawo yengane kanye nendawo eqondile yabantu abadala. Ngemva kokuzalwa kwethu, indawo yengane iyancipha bese inyamalala.

Le ndlala ikhula kahle ngoba inegazi elihle. Futhi, lokhu kutholakala kwegazi okuhle yikho okuvumela i-adrenal cortex ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone futhi ixhumane nezinzwa ezizungezile.

Yiziphi izifo ezithinta i-adrenal cortex?

Ngeshwa, kunezifo eziningi nezimo ezingathinta le ndlala ebaluleke kakhulu. Ezinye zazo azivamile. Lezi zifo zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Esinye yizifo ezisebenzayo , okusho ukuthi zikhiqiza inani elingavamile lama-hormone. Esinye yizifo ezingasebenzi , okusho ukuthi azikhiqizi ama-hormone, kodwa zingabangela ezinye izinkinga ngendlala.

Nazi ezinye zezifo ezingabonakala ezihlobene nezindlala ze-adrenal:

• Isifo sika-Addison (esibizwa nangokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal)
• Izimila ze-adrenal
• I-Adrenocortical carcinoma (lo umdlavuza owenzeka ku-adrenal cortex)
• I-Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (lesi yisimo esikhona lapho kuzalwa)
• I-Conn's syndrome (ebizwa nangokuthi i-aldosteronism eyinhloko)
• I-Cushing's syndrome (Lokhu kubangelwa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-cortisol - `(Hypercortisolism)`)
• I-Hyperaldosteronism (lapho i-hormone i-aldosterone ikhiqizwa khona ngokweqile)

Ziyini izimpawu zalezi zifo?

Ngokuvamile, umonakalo obangelwa yisifo se-adrenal gland kwenzeka kancane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ungase ungaboni zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Kodwa uma izimpawu sezivele, zingaba zimbi kancane kancane uze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ungase ube nezimpawu ezithinta izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Isifiso sokudla: Kungaba ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla noma indlala enkulu.
• Umfutho wegazi: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma ophansi.
• Amazinga kashukela egazini: Amazinga kashukela egazini aphezulu noma aphansi.
• Impilo yenhliziyo: Izinto ezifana nokushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo.
• Isimo Sengqondo: Ukucasuka njalo, ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka.
• Amandla emisipha: Ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu bemisipha.
• Isikhumba: Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, isikhumba esomile, amabala.
• Isisindo:Ukwanda noma ukwehla kwesisindo ngokuzumayo.

Ukuthi nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi unenkinga ye-adrenal. Kodwa uma ziqhubeka, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izifo ze-adrenal cortex?

Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha lezi zifo ze-adrenal. Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuzoncika ekuxilongweni kwakho kanye nobukhali bezimpawu zakho.

Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone: Uma umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-hormone anele ngokwawo, ama-hormone afanayo anikezwa ngaphandle. Isibonelo, uma une-cortisol ephansi, ungathatha i-hydrocortisone ngesimo samaphilisi.
• Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Ukwamukela imikhuba enempilo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka ezindlala ze-adrenal. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukunciphisa utshwala, ukudla ukudla okune-sodium ephansi, kanye nokuyeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi.
• Imithi: Uma umzimba wakho ukhiqiza inani eliphezulu kakhulu lama-hormone, kunemithi engasiza ekulawuleni. Isibonelo, i-Spironolactone ingasetshenziswa ukuvimba imiphumela ye-aldosterone, noma i-Ketoconazole ingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cortisol.
• Ukwelashwa kwezimila kanye nomdlavuza: Uma unezimila, ikakhulukazi izimila ezinkulu noma izimila ezikhiqiza ama-hormone, kungadingeka zisuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Umdlavuza onjenge-adrenocortical carcinoma ungadinga imisebe kanye ne-chemotherapy.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki nokwakha kabusha: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusiza ekubuyiseleni izingxenye zomzimba ezithintekile amazinga ama-hormone angajwayelekile. Isibonelo, abanye abantu abanesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "Congenital adrenal hyperplasia" bangase babe nezitho zangasese ezikhulisiwe noma ezingakhanyi kahle, okungalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa.

Siyigcina kanjani i-adrenal cortex yethu iphilile?

Ukuzinakekela kahle kusiza ukugcina izindlala zomzimba wakho wonke, okuhlanganisa ne-adrenal cortex yakho, zisebenza kahle. Lokhu okulandelayo kungasiza:

• Ukuphila impilo esebenzayo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Kuhle uma ungenza okuthile njengokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukubhukuda okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Yidla ukudla okunomsoco futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi: Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele. Nciphisa iziphuzo ezinoshukela, ukudla okunamafutha, kanye nokudla okusheshayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungakhohlwa ukuphuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke.
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka:Izinto ezifana nokuzindla kanye ne-yoga zingakusiza uphumule. Ukuzibandakanya entweni oyithandayo nakho kuyindlela enhle yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
• Thola ukunakekelwa kokuvimbela: Ukuvakashela udokotela womndeni wakho njalo ukuze uhlolwe ngokomzimba kungakusiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni eziningi.

Khumbula, i-adrenal cortex yingxenye engaphandle yendlala yakho ye-adrenal. Ikhiqiza ama-hormone abalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezitho zomzimba ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nezinqubo zomzimba.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-adrenal cortex esikhulume ngayo namuhla iyindawo emzimbeni wethu eyenza umsebenzi othule, kodwa obaluleke kakhulu.

• Lokhu kutholakala engxenyeni engaphandle yezindlala ze-adrenal, ezitholakala ngaphezu kwezinso.
• Ikhiqiza ama-hormone abalulekile empilweni, njenge-aldosterone, i-cortisol, kanye ne-androgens. Lawa ma-hormone alawula izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa umfutho wegazi wethu, ushukela wegazi, imetabolism, impendulo yokucindezeleka, kanye nentuthuko yocansi.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwale cortex. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kukhiqizwe i-hormone eningi kakhulu, kanti ngezinye izikhathi kuncane kakhulu.
• Ukuphila ngendlela enempilo, ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukuzivocavoca, kanye nokulawula ukucindezeleka kuhamba ibanga elide ekugcineni impilo ye-adrenal cortex.
• Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungaxazulula izinkinga eziningi.

Ngakho-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi usuyazi okuningi ngaleli 'khaya lamandla' elincane elingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Kufanele futhi ube nesithakazelo ekuwugcineni uphilile, akunjalo?

I- Adrenal Cortex, Ama-hormone, i-Cortisol, i-Aldosterone, i-Androgens, i-Adrenal Gland