Ake sifunde nje ngendlala ye-posterior pituitary.

Wake wazibuza ukuthi zingaki izingxenye ezincane zomzimba wethu ezisebenza kangaka? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlala encane kakhulu eyenza izinto eziningi ezimangalisayo. Ibizwa ngokuthi indlala ye-pituitary. Ikakhulukazi, sizogxila engxenyeni engemuva yaleyo ndlala, i-"Posterior Pituitary".

Iyini le ndlala ye-pituitary? Yini ekhethekile ngengxenye yangemuva?

Kalula nje, i-pituitary gland iyi-gland encane elingana nobhontshisi, etholakala phansi kobuchopho bethu, ngaphansi kwe-hypothalamus. Iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine. Cabanga, yize incane, ilawula ama-hormone amaningi abaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu.

Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zale ndlala ye-pituitary:

1. I-Anterior Lobe

2. I-Posterior Lobe - Yilokhu esikhuluma ngakho namuhla, i-"Posterior Pituitary".

I-pituitary gland ikhiqiza futhi ikhiphe ama-hormone amaningana. Kodwa-ke, i- posterior pituitary ikhethekile. Igcina futhi ikhiphe ama-hormone amabili kuphela akhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland uma kudingeka. Lawa ma-hormone amabili yilawa:

• I-Oxytocin
• I-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), ebizwa nangokuthi i-Vasopressin.

Manje ungase ucabange, "Ngakho-ke iyini le hypothalamus?" I-hypothalamus nayo iyingxenye yobuchopho bethu. Ilawula izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa umfutho wegazi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, kanye nokugaya ukudla. Ngokumangalisayo, i-pituitary gland ixhunywe ne-hypothalamus ngesiqu esincane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isiqu se-pituitary. Kungalesi siqu lapho i-hypothalamus itshela khona i-pituitary gland ukuthi, "Kulungile, khipha lelo hormone manje."

Iyini i-Endocrine System? Ngicela uchaze kancane.

Umbuzo omuhle! Uhlelo lwe-endocrine luyinethiwekhi yezindlala emzimbeni wethu ezikhiqiza amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-hormone bese ziwakhipha ngqo egazini.

Ama-hormone afana nezithunywa ezithwala imiyalezo emizimbeni yethu. Ahamba egazini futhi atshele izitho zethu, isikhumba, imisipha, kanye nezinye izicubu ukuthi senzeni nokuthi sikwenze nini.

Izindlala nezitho eziyinhloko ezakha uhlelo lwethu lwe-endocrine yilezi:

• I-Hypothalamus
• Indlala Ye-Pituitary
• Indlala yegilo `(Igilo)`
• Izindlala ze-Parathyroid
• Izindlala ze-adrenal
• Indlala yephayini
• I-Pancreas
• Ama-ovari (kwabesifazane)
• Amasende (amasende) (abesilisa)

Yimaphi ama-hormone akhishwa yi-posterior pituitary gland? Enzani?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-posterior pituitary gland igcina futhi ikhiphe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-hormone. Lawa ma-hormone empeleni enziwa yi-hypothalamus. Kodwa agcinwa futhi akhishwe uma edingeka yi-posterior pituitary gland.

1. I-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) noma i-Vasopressin:

• Le hormone ibaluleke kakhulu. Yile hormone esiza umzimba ukuthi umunce inani elidingekayo lamanzi lapho izinso zethu zihlunga igazi. Kalula nje, i-ADH isiza ukulawula ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni wethu.

2. I -Oxytocin:

• Kwabesifazane, kuyasiza ekubelethweni ngokubangela ukuthi isibeletho sinciphe ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Kuphinde kuvuselele amabele ukuthi akhiqize ubisi. I-Oxytocin ithinta nesibopho phakathi komama nomntwana.
• Kwabesilisa, le hormone ingathinta nesibopho phakathi kwabazali nezingane. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa i-oxytocin iyasiza futhi ekusunduzeni isidoda kanye noketshezi lwesidoda phambili ngesikhathi sokuphuma komchamo.

Ngakho-ke uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko we-posterior pituitary?

Into eyinhloko ukugcina i-oxytocin kanye ne-antidiuretic hormone (ADH) bese uyikhulula lapho kuvela isignali evela ku-hypothalamus. I-hypothalamus ithumela lezi zimpawu ngezimpawu zemizwa ezivela ngesiqu se-pituitary esikhulume ngaso ngaphambili.

I-Posterior Pituitary ixhumene kanjani nezinye izitho zomzimba?

Lena indaba ethakazelisayo kakhulu. I-posterior pituitary ixhunywe ngqo ne-hypothalamus. Ngoba i-hypothalamus yenza i-oxytocin ne-ADH futhi ibatshela ukuthi kufanele bayikhulule nini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho:

• I-Oxytocin isebenza ngesibeletho, izindlala zebele (amabele), kanye ne-vas deferens emadodeni.
• I-ADH (i-antidiuretic hormone) isebenza kakhulu nezinso zethu.

Ikuphi i-posterior pituitary? Ingakanani?

I-pituitary gland itholakala phansi kobuchopho bethu, ngemuva kwebhuloho lekhala lethu, ngqo ngaphansi kwe-hypothalamus. Itholakala endaweni encane egobile ethanjeni le-sphenoid. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Sella Turcica.

Indlala yonke ye-pituitary icishe ibe usayizi we-pea, cishe i-1/3 ye-intshi. I-posterior pituitary yingxenye yendlala ebheke ngemuva. Incane kune-anterior pituitary. I-anterior pituitary ithatha cishe u-80% wesisindo sayo yonke i-pituitary gland.

Yiziphi izifo nezimo ezivamile ezihlotshaniswa ne-Posterior Pituitary?

Izinkinga eziyinhloko ezingase zenzeke nge-posterior pituitary ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu noma ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-oxytocin noma i-antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Iningi lalezi zimo azivamile. Futhi, izimila zingathinta indlala ye-posterior pituitary, kodwa futhi azivamile. Izimila ze-pituitary zivame ukuvela endlaleni ye-anterior pituitary.

Ukukhishwa okuncane kwe-hormone yokulwa nokukhipha isisu (ADH)

Lokhu kubangelwa ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwe-ADH ku-hypothalamus noma ukwehla kokukhishwa kwe-ADH kusuka endlaleni ye-pituitary. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus noma i-posterior pituitary. Ngezinye izikhathi kungabangelwa nokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Kwezinye izimo, imbangela ayaziwa.

Uma amazinga e-ADH ephansi kunokuvamile, izinso azikwazi ukumunca amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi kukhishwe amanzi amaningi emchameni (umchamo uba manzi kancane), kunciphisa inani lamanzi egazini futhi kwandise ukuhlushwa kwawo.

Ukuntuleka kwe-ADH kungaholela enkingeni engavamile yokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-"Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI". Lokhu akufanele kudidaniswe ne-"Diabetes Mellitus", njengoba lokhu kuhluke ngokuphelele. I-CDI ingaba yingozi empilweni uma ingelashwa kahle.

Izimpawu ze-CDI yilezi:

• Ukuchama okuvamile (i-Polyuria)
• Ukoma ngokweqile (i-Polydipsia)
• Ukukhathala (ukuvuka izikhathi eziningana ebusuku ukuze uchame)
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni

Ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwe-hormone yokulwa nokukhipha isisu (ADH)

Lokhu kubangelwa ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-ADH ku-hypothalamus noma ukwanda kokukhishwa kwe-ADH kusuka ku-posterior pituitary. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`. Lapho inani le-ADH landa, umzimba ugcina amanzi amaningi kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho umchamo uba mkhulu kakhulu, futhi igazi liba namanzi amaningi futhi linciphe.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani amazinga e-SIADH ne-ADH engase akhuphuke. Ezinye zezimbangela ezivamile zifaka:

• Imithi ethile (isb., eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, imithi yesifo sokuwa)
• Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile
• Izinkinga zobuchopho (ukulimala, izifo, isifo sohlangothi)
• Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho okubandakanya i-hypothalamus

Izimpawu zokwanda kwamazinga e-ADH zivame ukubangelwa amazinga aphansi e-sodium egazini. Izimpawu ze-sodium egazini eliphansi zifaka:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu (ikhanda elibuhlungu)
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi (mhlawumbe ukuwa)
• Izinguquko zengqondo (ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo)

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Oxytocin okuphansi

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.Uma amazinga e-oxytocin ehla ngaphansi kwejwayelekile, isibeletho siyayeka ukufinyela kanye nokwehla kobisi ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Nakuba kungavamile, imbangela evame kakhulu yalokhu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Panhypopituitarism." Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amazinga awo wonke ama-hormone e-pituitary gland ephansi kunejwayelekile.

Ukukhiqizwa Okuphezulu Kwe-Oxytocin

Lokhu futhi akuvamile kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ubuthi be-oxytocin. Uma amazinga e-oxytocin ephakeme kunokuvamile, isibeletho siba matasa kakhulu. Imisipha yesibeletho iyanda (hypertrophy), futhi akukho isikhala esanele sengane esibelethweni, okunganciphisa ukukhulelwa.

Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa okungahlola impilo ye-posterior pituitary gland yami?

Uma unezimpawu ezihlobene nezinkinga nge-posterior pituitary gland, udokotela wakho angayala ukuhlolwa kwamazinga e-ADH kanye/noma i-oxytocin.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-ADH kungasiza ekuboneni ukuntuleka kwe-ADH noma okweqile futhi kutholakale imbangela.
• Amazinga akho e-oxytocin angahlolwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zoketshezi, njengamathe, igazi, i-plasma, umchamo, kanye noketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal.

Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwesithombe, njenge-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), ukuze kubhekwe indlala yakho ye-pituitary.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ze-`(Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI)` noma `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.

Khumbula, izinkinga eziningi zempilo ezihlobene nezinkinga ze-posterior pituitary azivamile. Kodwa uma unezimpawu ezintsha noma ezikhathazayo, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela. Bangenza izivivinyo ezimbalwa ezilula ukuhlola impilo yakho.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kahle le ngxenye encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Posterior Pituitary" esikhulume ngayo namuhla. Kalula nje:

• I-posterior pituitary yingxenye engemuva ye-pituitary gland ebuchosheni bethu.
• Igcina futhi ikhiphe ama-hormone amabili abizwa ngokuthi i-oxytocin kanye ne-antidiuretic hormone (ADH). La ma-hormone akhiqizwa yi-hypothalamus.
• I-ADH isiza ukulawula ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni wethu .
• I-Oxytocin ibalulekile ekubelethweni, ekunceliseni ibele, nasekuhlanganiseni abantu .
• Ukuguquguquka kwala ma-hormone kungaholela ezinkingeni zempilo (nakuba kungavamile) njenge-"Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI" kanye ne-"SIADH".
• Uma unezimpawu ezingavamile, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Imizimba yethu iyamangalisa ngempela, akunjalo? Kuyamangalisa ukucabanga ukuthi kungenziwa umsebenzi ongakanani ngengxenye encane kangaka!

Indlala ye - pituitary, i-posterior pituitary, ama-hormone, i-oxytocin, i-antidiuretic hormone, i-ADH, uhlelo lwe-endocrine