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Uyini umsebenzi wama-lymphocyte?
Kalula nje, ama-lymphocyte ayimgogodla wesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela. Akha cishe u-20% kuya ku-40% wamangqamuzana ethu amhlophe egazi. Njengebutho elivikela izwe, lawa maseli alwa nezitha ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Lezi zitha zingaba:- Amagciwane
- Amabhaktheriya
- Amaseli omdlavuza
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-lymphocyte?
Ama-lymphocyte angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: amaseli e-B namaseli e-T. Lawa amabili aqinisa amasosha omzimba wethu.| Uhlobo lweseli | Umsebenzi oyinhloko |
|---|---|
| Amaseli e-B (ama-lymphocyte e-B) | Lawa enza amaprotheni akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies. Lawa ma-antibodies angabhubhisa amagciwane noma abeke uphawu kwamanye amaseli okuhlasela. |
| Amaseli e-T (ama-T Lymphocyte) | Bayaqaphela futhi babhubhise amangqamuzana angajwayelekile, njengamangqamuzana ethu atheleleke ngamagciwane noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza. |
| Amaseli Okubulala Emvelo | Lezi futhi ziwuhlobo lwe-lymphocyte. Zingabona futhi zibhubhise izinto ezifana namagciwane namaseli omdlavuza ezigabeni zazo zokuqala. |
Indlela Amaseli E-B Asebenza Ngayo
Uma amaseli e-B eqaphela i-antigen, asabela ngezindlela ezimbili. 1. Impendulo Eyinhloko Yokuzivikela Emzimbeni: Ngesikhathi sokuqala i-antigen ingena emzimbeni, amaseli e-B ayayibona, kanti amanye amaseli e-B aba amaseli enkumbulo. Amanye aba amaseli e-plasma bese eqala ukwenza ama-antibodies aqondene naleyo antigen. Lokhu kungathatha izinsuku eziningana. 2. Impendulo Yesibili Yokuzivikela Emzimbeni: Uma i-antigen efanayo iphinda ihlangane, amaseli enkumbulo ayayibona ngokushesha, enze amaseli e-plasma ngokushesha, futhi akhiqize ama-antibodies adingekayo ngokushesha.Izinhlobo zama-T Cell
Amaseli e-T awakwazi ukusebenza ewodwa, adinga usizo oluvela kwamanye amaseli omzimba. Ngemva kokuthola usizo, amaseli e-T ahlukana abe izinhlobo eziningana futhi asebenze.- Amaseli e-T ayingozi/abulala amagciwane: Lawa aya ngqo kumaseli atheleleke ngegciwane noma kumaseli omdlavuza bese ewabhubhisa.
- Amaseli e-T Helper: Njengoba igama lisho, lawa asiza amanye amaseli omzimba. Enza izinto ezifana nokusiza amaseli e-B ukuthi enze ama-antibodies futhi avuselele amaseli e-T abulalayo.
- Amaseli e-T alawulayo : Lawa avimbela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ekuphenduleni ngokweqile nasekulimazeni imizimba yethu. Okusho ukuthi, alawula uhlelo.
Ungahlola kanjani amazinga e-lymphocyte?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kwegazi ezingenziwa ukuze kutholakale inani lama-lymphocyte akho.- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (CBC): Lona umbiko ofanayo we-FBC ( Full Blood Count ) esivame ukuwubika. Ulinganisa inani lakho konke okusegazini, okuhlanganisa amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, nama-platelet.
- I-Flow Cytometry:Lokhu kuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane kune-CBC. Kungabalwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-lymphocyte, njenge-B cells nama-T cells, futhi kunqunywe amazinga azo aqondile.
- Isivivinyo se-B kanye ne-T cell: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungase kuqondiswe udokotela wakho uma usola ukuthi unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba . Kungasiza futhi ekutholeni umdlavuza wegazi noma womnkantsha.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho kufanele anqume ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ozidingayo. Ngakho-ke ungesabi wedwa ngemva kokubona amanani embikweni wegazi.
Ake sifunde ngokwanda nokwehla kwenani lama-lymphocyte.
Ububanzi obujwayelekile bama-lymphocyte bungahluka kancane kuye ngobudala, ubulili, ukuphakama, kanye nendlela yokuphila. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembile kombiko wakho.- Ibanga elijwayelekile labantu abadala: Phakathi kwama-lymphocyte ayi-1,000 nama-4,800 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi.
- Ibanga elijwayelekile lezingane: Phakathi kwama-lymphocyte angu-3,000 no-9,500 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi.
| Isimo | Izizathu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| I-Lymphocytosis - inani elandayo lama-lymphocyte | Umzimba ukhiqiza ama-lymphocyte amaningi ukuze alwe nokutheleleka emzimbeni.
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| I-Lymphopenia - inani elinciphile lama-lymphocyte | Izifo ezincane ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane zinganciphisa izimpawu okwesikhashana, kodwa futhi zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
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Ziyini izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwe-lymphocyte?
Esikhathini esiningi, kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo, kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:- Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga (ukuvuvukala kwamalunga)
- Ukujuluka ebusuku
- Imfiva
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Isifiso sokudla
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-lymphocyte awuhlobo oluyinhloko lweseli ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Avikela imizimba yethu kumagciwane, amagciwane kanye nomdlavuza.
- Ngenxa yokuthi la maseli "anenkumbulo," asivimbela ekutholeni izifo ezithile uma esezitholile.
- Ukwanda (i-Lymphocytosis) noma ukwehla (i-Lymphopenia) enanini lama-lymphocyte embikweni wegazi kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
- Ungenzi izinqumo ngokwakho ngokusekelwe kumanani asembikweni wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuqonda okucacile kanye nokwelashwa okudingekayo.
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