Wake wabheka umbiko wakho wegazi, okungukuthi, i-Full Blood Count (FBC), wabona igama elithi 'Lymphocytes'? Mhlawumbe lalikhonjiswe ngomcibisholo obonisa ukuthi inani laliphezulu noma liphansi kunejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukubona lokhu kungaba yinto eyethusa kancane. Ayini lawa ma-lymphocyte? Kungani ebaluleke kangaka emizimbeni yethu? Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula necacile namuhla.
Kalula nje, ayini lawa ma-lymphocyte?
Ama-lymphocyte awuhlobo lweseli elimhlophe egazini lakho. Cabanga ngomzimba wethu njengezwe. Amasosha ethu omzimba ayibutho lalelo zwe. Ama-lymphocyte angamasosha aqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile, abaluleke kakhulu kuleli butho. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukulwa nezitha ezingena emizimbeni yethu, njengamagciwane, amagciwane, namagciwane, futhi asivikele ezifweni.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zala masosha e-lymphocyte .
- Ama-T lymphocyte (ama-T cell): Lawa afana nabaphathi bebutho. Alawula ukusabela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, futhi afuna futhi abhubhise ngqo amaseli aqukethe amagciwane namaseli omdlavuza angene emzimbeni.
- Ama-lymphocyte e-B (amaseli e-B): Lawa ngabakhiqizi bezikhali zempi. Akha amaprotheni akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies . Lawa ma-antibodies afana nemicibisholo e-homeing. Anamathela ezitheni, njengamagciwane namagciwane, angene emzimbeni futhi awaqede amandla.
Yini ngempela ama-lymphocyte ayenzela umzimba?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wama-lymphocyte ukuvikela imizimba yethu. Alwa nezinto zakwamanye amazwe, noma ama-antigen , angena emzimbeni. Lezi zitha zifaka amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, ngisho namaseli omdlavuza.
Kodwa, okumangazayo nakakhulu, ama-lymphocyte anenkumbulo enhle kakhulu . Awakhohlwa isitha aseke ahlangana naso. Cabanga nje, wawune-chickenpox useyingane. Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-lymphocyte akho alwa negciwane le-chickenpox futhi akhumbula ulwazi ngalo. Sibiza amaseli aphethe la maseli enkumbulo yenkumbulo. Khona-ke, uma igciwane elifanayo le-chickenpox lizama ukungena emzimbeni wakho futhi ngolunye usuku, lawo maseli enkumbulo ayaliqaphela ngokushesha, axwayise ibutho ukuthi isitha esidala sesibuyile, futhi akhiqize ngokushesha ama-antibodies adingekayo ukuze alibhubhise.
Isizathu sokuthi uma usuthole isifo esifana ne-chickenpox noma i-measles, ungaphinde usithole kungenxa yenkumbulo enkulu yala ma-lymphocyte. Imithi yokugoma esiyitholayo ukuze sizivikele ezifweni isebenza ngalesi simiso esifanayo. Lokho okwenziwa umuthi wokugoma ukunikeza umzimba igciwane elibuthakathaka nokuqeqesha ama-lymphocyte ethu ukuba aqaphele leso sitha.
Amaseli e-T namaseli e-B asebenza kanjani ndawonye?
La maseli e-T namaseli e-B anjengabantu ababili abasebenza eqenjini elifanayo, kodwa abanemithwalo yemfanelo ehlukene. Bayasizana ukulwa nesitha.
Amaseli e-T - Abalawuli kanye namaButho Akhethekile ebutho lethu!
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamaseli e-T ukubhubhisa amaseli athelelekile nokulawula ukusebenza kwesistimu yomzimba wonke. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamaseli e-T:
- Amaseli e-T ane-cytotoxic: Lawa angamandla akhethekile ezempi. Aya ngqo kumaseli athelelekile noma omdlavuza, anamathele kuwo, abhubhise ulwelwesi lweseli, bese ethumela ama-enzyme ngaphakathi ukuze abulale iseli.
- Amaseli e-T Helper: Njengoba igama lisho, lawa asiza amanye amaseli omzimba. Amanye amaseli e-T helper atshela amaseli e-B ukuthi, "Nasi isitha, dala ama-antibodies ngokushesha." Amanye asiza ukuvuselela amaseli e-T abulalayo.
- Amaseli e-T alawulayo : Laba ngabantu abaziyo ukuthi kufanele bayeke nini ukulwa. Lapho impi isiphelile, bakhiqiza izinto ezivimba ukusabela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Uma bengakwenzi lokho, ibutho lethu lingahlasela amaseli ethu amahle.
Amaseli e-B - abakhiqizi bezikhali!
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamaseli e-B ukwenza izikhali ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies. Angenza ama-antibodies athile aqondene nesitha ngasinye. Kunezindlela ezimbili amaseli e-B asabela ngazo:
- Impendulo eyinhloko yokuzivikela komzimba: Uma i-antigen ihlangana okokuqala, amaseli e-B ayavuselelwa. Amanye amaseli e-B aba amaseli enkumbulo. Amanye amaseli e-B aba amaseli e-plasma futhi aqala ukwenza ama-antibodies aqondene naleyo antigen ethile. Le nqubo ingathatha izinsuku eziningana.
- Impendulo yesibili yokuzivikela komzimba: Uma isitha esifanayo sibuya emzimbeni ngolunye usuku, amangqamuzana enkumbulo ayesenziwe ngaphambilini ayasibona ngokushesha. Abe esehlukana ngokushesha, abe amangqamuzana e-plasma, futhi akhiqize ngokushesha inani elikhulu lama-antibodies afana naleso sitha.
Ungawaqonda kanjani amanani e-lymphocyte embikweni wegazi?
EyakhoInani lama-lymphocyte egazini lingahluka kancane kuye ngobudala, ubulili, indawo yokuhlala, kanye nendlela yokuphila. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezamukelekayo.
| Iqembu lobudala | Ibanga Elijwayelekile Le-Lymphocyte (nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi) |
|---|---|
| Abantu abadala | Amaseli aphakathi kuka-1,000 no-4,800 |
| Izingane | Amaseli aphakathi kuka-3,000 no-9,500 |
Ngokuvamile, ama-lymphocyte akha phakathi kuka -20% no-40% wamaseli akho amhlophe egazi.
Kusho ukuthini ukwanda kwama-lymphocyte? (I-Lymphocytosis)
Uma inani lama-lymphocyte egazini liphezulu kunokujwayelekile, ngokwezokwelapha sikubiza ngokuthi i-lymphocytosis . Ungakhathazeki uma ubona lokhu. Esikhathini esiningi, ukwanda kwenani lama-lymphocyte kuyisibonakaliso esihle sokuthi amasosha omzimba wakho alwa nokutheleleka emzimbeni wakho.
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi izimo ezingathi sína kakhulu zingabangela ukwanda kwama-lymphocyte.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane njenge-hepatitis
- I-Syphilis
- I-Mononucleosis
- Isifo sofuba
- I-HIV kanye ne-AIDS
- I-Hypothyroidism
- Izifo ezifana nokukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo
- Umdlavuza wegazi njenge-lymphoma noma i-leukemia
Kuyini ukwehla kwama-lymphocyte? (I-Lymphocytopenia)
Uma inani lama-lymphocyte egazini liphansi kunejwayelekile, silibiza ngokuthi i-lymphocytopenia . Lesi simo singabangelwa ngisho nokutheleleka okuncane njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane. Futhi, inani lama-lymphocyte lingancipha ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezinkulu.
- I-HIV noma i-AIDS
- Isifo sofuba noma umkhuhlane we-typhoid
- I-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo njenge-lupus
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma nge-chemotherapy yomdlavuza
- Izimo zofuzo ezingavamile kakhulu, ezizalwa nazo
Ingabe zikhona izimpawu ezibangelwa izinguquko emazingeni e-lymphocyte?
Into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapha ukuthi ukwanda noma ukwehla kwenani lama-lymphocyte akuzibangeli izimpawu ngokwako . Uba nezimpawu ngenxa yesizathu esiyisisekelo sokushintsha kwenani lama-lymphocyte. Isibonelo, uma inani lama-lymphocyte akho lishintsha ngenxa yomdlavuza noma ukutheleleka okukhulu, ungase ubonise izimpawu ezihlobene naleso sifo.
| Izimpawu ezivamile zesifo esiyisisekelo |
|---|
| Ama-lymph node avuvukele (ukuvuvukala entanyeni, emakhwapheni, embotsheni) |
| Ukujuluka ngokweqile ebusuku |
| Umkhuhlane oqhubekayo ngaphandle kwesizathu |
| Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqunjelwa |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-lymphocyte ayiqembu lamasosha abaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho akuvikela ezifweni.
- Uma inani lama-lymphocyte akho embikweni wakho wegazi liphezulu noma liphansi kunokujwayelekile, kungaba uphawu lokuthi umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka.
- Ungesabi noma unqume ukuthi unesifo ngokubheka inani elilodwa embikweni wegazi.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhombisa udokotela wakho imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo. Udokotela uzocabangela ezinye izindinganiso embikweni wakho, izimpawu zakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke ngaphambi kokukunikeza iseluleko esingcono kakhulu.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 🧐 Ziyini lezi lymphocytes?
Ama-lymphocyte awuhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi emzimbeni wethu. Kalula nje, lawa 'amasosha' avikela imizimba yethu ezifweni. Yiwo aqinisa amasosha ethu omzimba ngokulwa namagciwane angaphandle njengama-virus namabhaktheriya.
💬 🛡️ Kungani la ma-lymphocyte ebizwa ngokuthi 'amasosha'?
Ngoba la maseli angabona noma yimaphi amagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu futhi alwe nawo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zala ma-lymphocyte (amaseli e-T namaseli e-B). Ndawonye, asebenza njengebutho futhi avikela imizimba yethu ekuguleni, yingakho siwabiza ngokuthi 'amasosha' kulesi sihloko.
💬 🩸 Kusho ukuthini uma izinga lama-lymphocyte ekuhlolweni kwegazi lishintsha?
Ngokuvamile, uma izinga lama-lymphocyte ekuhlolweni kwegazi (i-Full Blood Count) likhuphuka, kusho ukuthi la masosha alwa nokutheleleka okuthile emzimbeni wakho. Futhi, uma leli zinga liphansi kakhulu, amasosha akho omzimba angase abe buthakathaka kancane. Ngakho qhubeka ufunda isihloko sethu ukuze wazi kahle ngalokhu.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment