Uyamazi yini udokotela we-Cardio-Oncologist osiza ekugcineni impilo yenhliziyo kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza?

Uma ungumuntu othola ukwelashwa komdlavuza, noma uma unelungu lomndeni noma umngane othola ukwelashwa, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza ngalokhu. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwelashwa kungaba nomthelela ezinhliziyweni zethu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngeqembu lochwepheshe abasisiza ngezikhathi ezinjalo.

Ungubani lo dokotela wezifo zenhliziyo nomdlavuza?

Kalula nje, laba odokotela abanaka kakhulu impilo yenhliziyo yeziguli ezinomdlavuza lapho bezelapha. Manje bheka, kukhona odokotela benhliziyo, futhi kukhona nodokotela bezifo zomdlavuza. Udokotela "wezifo zomdlavuza wenhliziyo" ungudokotela wezifo zomdlavuza noma udokotela wezifo zomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kobuchwepheshe babo obuyinhloko, bathole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ukuphatha izifo zenhliziyo ezigulini ezinomdlavuza.

Uyazi, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, njengokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe , kusiza abantu baphile isikhathi eside. Kuhle lokho. Kodwa ngeshwa, lokhu kwelashwa kungaba nemiphumela emibi . Ezinye zalezi yizifo zenhliziyo ezintsha noma ukugula kwesifo senhliziyo esikhona. Uhlobo lomonakalo enhliziyweni yakho kanye nengozi yezinkinga kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngokwelashwa. Lolu hlobo lomonakalo enhliziyweni lubizwa ngokuthi i-cardiotoxicity , noma isifo senhliziyo ngemisebe.

Yingakho kuvele uhlobo olusha lwezokwelapha olubizwa ngokuthi i-Cardio-Oncology. I-Cardio-Oncology igxile ekuxilongeni, ekuqapheni, nasekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo ezibangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza. Umgomo ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza ohlelweni lwakho lwenhliziyo.

Laba ochwepheshe be-cardio-oncology bakusiza ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa komdlavuza okusebenza kahle kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, ngomonakalo omncane enhliziyweni yakho. Basebenzisana nabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwakho ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo zakho.

Luhlobo luni lokuqeqeshwa olutholwa yilaba ochwepheshe?

Laba "odokotela be-Cardio-Oncologists" bangodokotela asebevele benolwazi emkhakheni wabo, kungaba "i-Cardiology" noma "i-Oncology." Ngaphezu kokuqeqeshwa kwabo okukhethekile, bathola ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe ukuze bafunde okulandelayo:

• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza ethinta uhlelo lwakho lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi?
• Indlela umdlavuza othinta ngayo umzimba wonke, ikakhulukazi uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• Indlela yokuhlola ingozi yesifo senhliziyo ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza.
• Indlela yokubona nokuphatha izifo zenhliziyo kubantu abanomdlavuza.
• Indlela yokunquma ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ngamakhemikhali eziphephile enhliziyweni yakho nokuthi yiziphi ezibeka engcupheni enkulu.
• Indlela yokuqapha imisipha yenhliziyo yakho kanye nama-valve enhliziyo ukuthola imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza, kokubili ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nangemva kwalokho.

Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kuvame ukuhlinzekwa ngohlelo lokuqeqeshwa olujulile (i-Fellowship) oluthatha cishe unyaka. Kuhlanganisa:

• Ukufundisa okuqondile ngezinkulumo.
• Ukuya emihlanganweni.
• Thola ulwazi olusebenzayo ngeziguli emitholampilo ye-Cardio-Oncology.
• Okuhlangenwe nakho kocwaningo.

Abanye ochwepheshe be-cardio-oncology baze babe nesitifiketi sebhodi esivela kwi-International Cardio-Oncology Society, okusho ukuthi ulwazi lwabo namakhono abo aqashelwa emhlabeni wonke.

Kungani laba ochwepheshe be-cardio-oncology bebaluleke kangaka?

Njengoba ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuthuthuka usuku nosuku, ukubaluleka kwalaba dokotela '(Cardio-Oncologist)' kuye kwanda kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi inani labantu abalulamayo emdlavuza liyanda kancane kancane. Cabanga nje, ngo-2016, kwakunabasindile abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-15 emdlavuza e-United States kuphela. Abacwaningi babikezela ukuthi leli nani lizokhuphuka lifinyelele ezigidini ezingu-26 ngo-2040! Ngakho-ke, njengoba inani labantu abalulamayo emdlavuza likhula, inani labantu abathola imiphumela emibi ekwelashweni nalo liyanda, akunjalo?

Cishe abayisikhombisa kwabayishumi abasindile umdlavuza baneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Njengoba laba basindile umdlavuza bekhula, bangase babhekane nezingozi ezengeziwe zesifo senhliziyo ngenxa yokwelashwa kwabo umdlavuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingozi iyanda ngokuguga, izici zendlela yokuphila, nezinye izifo ezihlobene. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwelapha lezi zici uma ucabangela zonke lezi zici .

Laba ochwepheshe be-cardio-oncology banokuqeqeshwa kanye nolwazi oludingekayo ukusekela leli nani labantu elikhulayo.

Yini ngempela eyenziwa yilo dokotela wezifo zenhliziyo?

Laba bantu baxilonga futhi belapha izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezigulini ezinomdlavuza. Into yokuqala okudingeka bayenze ukuthola imbangela eqondile yale nkinga. Isibonelo, akucaci ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi isimo esifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo sibangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza. Ngokuvamile, abantu abanomdlavuza banezinye izinkinga.Kungase kube nezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo . Ngakho-ke, laba dokotela "be-Cardio-Oncologists" kufanele bathole imbangela yangempela phakathi kwalezi zimbangela ezahlukahlukene zesifo senhliziyo.

Futhi, kufanele balinganise imigomo emibili engangqubuzana ngezinye izikhathi:

• Isidingo sokwelashwa komdlavuza wakho.
• Isidingo sokuvikela inhliziyo yakho.

Yilapho ukubambisana kwemikhakha eminingi kuba khona okubaluleke kakhulu. Odokotela be-Cardio-Oncologists basebenzisana nabanye ochwepheshe ukuze banqume uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu lomuntu ngamunye.

Nazi ezinye zemisebenzi eyenziwa udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo njengengxenye yemisebenzi yakhe:

• Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa komdlavuza, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwengozi yakho yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuhlolwa kokuxilonga kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izinkinga ngenhliziyo noma imithambo yegazi.
• Kudalwe uhlelo lokwelapha oluhloselwe ukuhlasela umdlavuza wakho ukuze ungabangeli umonakalo omkhulu ngangokunokwenzeka enhliziyweni yakho.
• Uzoqashwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho komdlavuza futhi noma yiziphi izinkinga zenhliziyo zizotholakala ngokushesha.
• Ukunakekelwa okulandelayo kunikezwa ngisho nangemva kokuba ukwelashwa komdlavuza sekuqediwe.
• Ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziyanconywa ezifweni zenhliziyo ezibangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza.

Laba "odokotela be-Cardio-Oncologist" basiza ekuphatheni izifo ezahlukahlukene zenhliziyo. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo (i-Arrhythmias), njenge-Atrial Fibrillation kanye ne-Torsade de Pointes.
• Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo.
• Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo.
• Isifo Se-Valve Yenhliziyo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension).
• I-Cardiomyopathy Evimbelayo.

Ubani othola ukwelashwa yilaba ochwepheshe be-cardio-oncology?

Laba odokotela banakekela abantu abanomdlavuza abanesifo senhliziyo noma izici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo. Baphinde belaphe abantu abanesifo senhliziyo ngemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza. Ezinye izifo zenhliziyo zivele ngokushesha. Kodwa ezinye zivele eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza (mhlawumbe iminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu). Lokho kuzwakala kuyesabeka, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezixazululo zalokho futhi.

Odokotela be-Cardio-Oncologist basiza abantu abanjengalaba:

• Abantu asebezoqala ukwelashwa komdlavuza futhi abanezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo. Izibonelo zalokhu ukukhuluphala , isifo sikashukela, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme .
• Labo asebezoqala ukwelashwa komdlavuza, kanye nalabo asebevele benesifo senhliziyo.
• Abantu abathola izimpawu zenhliziyo ngenkathi bethola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe. Izibonelo zalokhu ukuvuvukala (i-edema) , ukukhathala , ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia).
• Abantu abake baphathwa umdlavuza futhi manje sebebhekene nezinkinga ezintsha zenhliziyo.
• Abantu abaye baba nezinkinga zenhliziyo ngenxa yokwelashwa komdlavuza futhi abadinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
• Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo.

Ingabe ngidinga ukubona udokotela wenhliziyo?

Umuntu ongcono kakhulu ongambuza ngezidingo zakho zokunakekelwa ngumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa oyinhloko noma udokotela owelapha umdlavuza wakho (udokotela wezifo zomdlavuza). Ukuze ubone udokotela wezifo zomdlavuza wenhliziyo, uzodinga ukudluliselwa kudokotela wakho.

Uma uwela kwesinye salezi zigaba, kungadingeka futhi ukuthi ubonane nochwepheshe:

• Uma unesifo senhliziyo futhi usanda kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza.
• Uma wake welashwa umdlavuza esikhathini esidlule, ngisho nalapho usemncane.
• Uma okwamanje uselashwa umdlavuza.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wenhliziyo?

Isikhathi osidingayo ukubona udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo siyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Ungase uqale ukuthola ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa komdlavuza bese uba nama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela iminyaka eminingi. Kufanele ulandele imiyalelo evela eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha mayelana nokuthi kufanele uvakashele kangaki.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zenhliziyo, njenge- echocardiograms , kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokunakekelwa kwakho komdlavuza wenhliziyo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngisho nangemva kokuphela kokwelashwa komdlavuza. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabonisa izimpawu zokuqala zesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina zonke izikhathi zakho zokubonana nodokotela .

Ukuphuma ekwelashweni komdlavuza kuyisinyathelo esikhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuthola ukuthi unezinkinga zenhliziyo futhi udinga ukwelashwa kwazo kungaba nzima kakhulu. Kungazwakala sengathi usuqedile umjaho we-marathon futhi kungazelelwe kufanele ugijime omunye. Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa kulolu hambo . Odokotela be-cardio-oncologist bangochwepheshe abangakusiza ukuphatha isifo senhliziyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usengozini noma utholakale unaso. Khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela we-oncologist ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngokuthi udokotela we-cardio-oncologist angakusiza kanjani.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esixoxe ngakho (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, singakukhumbuza nje ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho?

• (Udokotela Wezinhliziyo Nomdlavuza)Lokhu kusho udokotela onaka ngokukhethekile impilo yenhliziyo yeziguli ezinomdlavuza lapho ezelapha.
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza (isib. `(Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali)`, `(Ukwelashwa ngemisebe)`) kungabangela imiphumela emibi enhliziyweni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(Ubuthi benhliziyo)` .
• Laba ochwepheshe basiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo enhliziyweni ngenkathi benikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu komdlavuza.
• Uma unesifo senhliziyo esihambisana nomdlavuza, unezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo, noma uba nezimpawu zenhliziyo ngemva kokwelashwa umdlavuza, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokubona udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka inhliziyo yakho njalo ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Khumbula, kungaba nzima ukucabanga ngempilo yenhliziyo yakho ngenkathi ulwa nomdlavuza. Kodwa, kukhona ochwepheshe abazokusiza futhi bakunakekele. Ngakho ungesabi!

Udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo, imiphumela emibi, i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, impilo yenhliziyo