Inhliziyo yethu iyisitho esimangalisayo kakhulu. Ayishayi nje kuphela, inohlelo lwayo lukagesi lokulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Cabanga ngayo njengohlelo lwezintambo endlini yethu. Izimpawu zikagesi ezincane ezivela kulolu hlelo zitshela amakamelo enhliziyo ukuthi anciphe ngesikhathi esifanele. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngezizathu ezahlukene, lolu hlelo lukagesi lungaba nokungcola okuncane. Yilapho-ke le divayisi encane, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi "i-pacemaker" isiza khona.
Ngakho-ke, iyini le pacemaker?
Kalula nje, i-pacemaker iyithuluzi elincane le-elekthronikhi elifakwa ngokuhlinzwa emzimbeni wakho ukuze lisekele uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho. Lifana "nomqhubi" omncane osiza ekulawuleni isigqi senhliziyo yakho uma ingasasebenzi.
Cabanga ukuthi uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho lubuthakathaka. Khona-ke amakamelo enhliziyo awanciphi ngesikhathi esifanele. Mhlawumbe ashaya ngokushesha kakhulu, noma kancane kakhulu, noma isigqi siphazamiseka ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalokho, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni wonke.
I-pacemaker iqapha ukusebenza kwesistimu kagesi yemvelo yenhliziyo. Uma ibona noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle, i-pacemaker ithumela izimpawu zikagesi ezicashile ezitshela inhliziyo ukuthi, "Kulungile, manje sekuyisikhathi sokufinyela." Lokhu kusiza ukugcina inhliziyo ishaya ngesivinini esizinzile.
Yiziphi izimpawu zokuthi ungadinga i-pacemaker?
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyayidinga yini i-pacemaker noma cha. Kodwa-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela bese uxoxa ngazo.
Khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu onalezi zimpawu ozodinga i-pacemaker, kodwa kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu besifuba (i-Angina) | Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukungafiki kwegazi elanele enhliziyweni. |
| Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia) | Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha okungaphezu kwezikhathi eziyi-100 ngomzuzu ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Inhliziyo eshaya kancane (i-Bradycardia) | Inhliziyo ishaya kancane kakhulu, ngesivinini esingaphansi kwama-beats angu-60 ngomzuzu. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia) | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuzwakala kungajwayelekile, ngezinye izikhathi kweqa ukushaya, noma kube nokushaya okwengeziwe. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Umuzwa wokuqina esifubeni, njengokungathi inhliziyo "iyazabalaza" noma "igingqa amatshe." |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi uphelelwa umoya, ikakhulukazi lapho wenza imisebenzi emincane noma uhamba ngezinyawo. |
| Isiyezi, ikhanda elikhanyayo, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu, unesicanucanu, noma uquleka ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, imilenze, kanye nesisu | Ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezifana nemilenze nasemaqakaleni ngenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi emzimbeni. |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yenkinga yesigqi senhliziyo. Isibonelo, abantu abanomlando wokuvinjwa kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nabo bangadinga i-pacemaker.
Zingaki izinhlobo ze-pacemaker ezikhona?
Yebo, kuye ngesimo senhliziyo yakho, udokotela wakho uzokhetha uhlobo lwe-pacemaker olukulungele. Lokhu kungaba ne-lead eyodwa, ezimbili, noma ezintathu.
| Uhlobo lwe-Pacemaker | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Pacemaker Engenamthofu | Lokhu kuncane kakhulu, cishe kufana ne-capsule enkulu yamavithamini. Azikho izintambo. Kufakwa enhliziyweni nge-catheter bese kunamathiselwa odongeni lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo. |
| I-Pacemaker yegumbi elilodwa | Lokhu kunentambo eyodwa kuphela. Kuxhumeka ekamelweni elilodwa lenhliziyo. |
| I-Pacemaker enamakamelo amabili | Lokhu kunezintambo ezimbili ezixhumanisa amakamelo amabili enhliziyo. |
| I-Biventricular Pacemaker | Inezintambo ezintathu. Ezimbili zixhunywe emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo (ama-ventricle) kanti enye ixhunywe ekamelweni eliphezulu kwesokudla (i-atrium yangakwesokudla). Isetshenziselwa Ukwelashwa Kokuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo (i-CRT). |
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-pacemaker ne-ICD?
Udokotela wakho angase futhi akhulume nawe nge- ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator), efana ne-pacemaker, kodwa ehluke kancane.
- I-pacemaker ithumela izimpawu zikagesi kuphela ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo. Ayikwazi ukuletha ukushaqeka kukagesi enhliziyweni.
- I-ICD ingasebenza futhi njenge-pacemaker. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuba ngokushesha okusongela impilo (isb., i-ventricular tachycardia), ingakubona futhi ilethe ukushaqeka okukhulu kukagesi enhliziyweni ukuze kubuyiselwe isigqi.
Ingabe lokhu kungukuhlinzwa okukhulu? Ufakwa kanjani i-pacemaker?
Lokhu akuyona indlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Ngobuchwepheshe obutholakalayo namuhla, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuthuthuke kakhulu. Kunobuhlungu obuncane, futhi ungalulama ngokushesha futhi ubuyele empilweni yakho evamile. Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko.
1.Indlela esebenzisa i-catheter: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ama-pacemaker angenawo umthofu. Ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) lifakwa emthanjeni nge-groin, bese i-pacemaker iqondiswa ngayo bese ifakwa enhliziyweni. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwehora.
2. Indlela yokuvula imithambo yegazi: Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane ngaphansi kwethambo lentamo noma esikhumbeni sentamo, bese izintambo ze-pacemaker (ama-lead) zifakwa enhliziyweni ngomthambo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwesiqondiso se-X-ray (fluoroscopy). Ngemva kokuba izintambo zibekwe ezindaweni ezifanele enhliziyweni, idivayisi ye-pacemaker ifakwa "ephaketheni" elincane elenziwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba esifubeni esingaphezulu.
3. Indlela yokuhlinzwa kwe-Epicardial: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni noma ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okunye. Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane esifubeni bese kufakwa izintambo ngaphandle kwenhliziyo. Idivayisi ye-pacemaker ibekwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesisu.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungathatha amahora amabili kuya kwamahlanu. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Njengakho konke, ingabe zikhona izingozi? (Izinkinga)
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane. Kodwa-ke, lezi azivamile. Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ngazo.
- Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba: Ukungezwani komzimba kungase kwenzeke emuthini osetshenzisiwe noma ensimbini okwenziwa ngayo i-pacemaker.
- Amahlule egazi: Ukuze kuncishiswe le ngozi, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi evimbela amahlule egazi.
- Izinkinga zedivayisi noma ucingo: Ngezinye izikhathi ucingo lungasuka kancane lapho lufakwe khona. Yingakho kunconywa ukugwema ukucindezeleka okukhulu esithweni isikhashana ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuphazamiseka okuvela kumadivayisi angaphandle: Kudingeka uqaphele lapho usondela kumadivayisi athile anamasimu kagesi noma kazibuthe aqinile (isib. imishini ye-MRI). Kodwa-ke, ama-pacemaker amasha manje aklanyelwe ukumelana kakhulu nalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza iseluleko ngalokhu.
Izinto okufanele uzazi ngokuhlala ne-pacemaker
Ngemva kokuba nomshini wokusiza inhliziyo, ungaphila impilo evamile nesebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule.
Ibhethri le-pacemaker lihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Lokhu kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-pacemaker nokuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani. Ngokwesilinganiso, ibhethri lihlala iminyaka engaba yi-10-15 . Udokotela wakho uzokucela ukuthi uze emtholampilo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kwalokho, kokubili i-pacemaker nebhethri kuzohlolwa. Uma sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha ibhethri, kungenziwa ngokuhlinzwa okulula kakhulu, okuncane kunokufaka i-pacemaker kwasekuqaleni.
Izinto ongazenza ukuze uhlale uphilile
Isikhathi sokuphila somuntu one-pacemaker sincike empilweni yakhe iyonke. Uma uphila impilo enempilo, ungalindela ukuphila impilo evamile noma cishe ejwayelekile.
- Phuza imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe: Uma udokotela wakho ekunike eminye imithi ngaphezu kwe-pacemaker yakho, yiphuze ngesikhathi esifanele futhi isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ungesabi ukubuza uma unemibuzo.
- Yiya emitholampilo ngesikhathi: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Udokotela uzohlola impilo yakho kanye nokusebenza kwe-pacemaker ngalesi sikhathi.
- Lalela umzimba wakho: Uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho lihlala lingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile udokotela wakho akunike sona (siphansi kakhulu noma siphezulu kakhulu), shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uma unalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
* Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
* Uma ukhuluphala ngokuzumayo noma imilenze noma amaqakala akho evuvukala.
* Uma uzwa isiyezi, ukuquleka, noma ukudideka.
* Uma izimpawu owawunazo ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-pacemaker ziphinde zivele.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma utshelwa ukuthi udinga i-pacemaker ngenxa yenkinga yenhliziyo. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu kuyinto eyenziwayo ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho nokukuvikela. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga onazo. Ngaleyo ndlela, uzoba nokuqonda okungcono nokuthula kwengqondo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-pacemaker iyithuluzi elincane le-elekthronikhi elisiza ukulungisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
- Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokuzungeza, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okuhamba kancane.
- Lokhu akuyona ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, okuvula inhliziyo, futhi kungenziwa ngokuphephile kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe bamanje.
- I-pacemaker ikuvumela ukuthi uphile impilo evamile futhi esebenzayo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa nokuya emitholampilo ngesikhathi.
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