Ingabe ingane yakho ivame ukuba nomphimbo obuhlungu noma ikhala eligobhozayo? Noma uyakhumbula ngesikhathi useyingane, wawuvame ukuba nomphimbo obuhlungu ngenxa yomkhuhlane? Esikhathini esiningi, asicabangi ngalezi zifo njengezifo ezivamile, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi uma kungelashwa kahle, ukutheleleka komphimbo okulula njengalokhu kungaholela ekuguleni okukhulu okungalimaza inhliziyo yakho esikhathini esizayo? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amathambo, noma `(Isifo Senhliziyo Esibangelwa Amathambo)`. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Iyini ngempela i-Rheumatic Heart Disease?
Kalula nje, isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amathambo yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Rheumatic Fever' esibangela umonakalo ongapheli kuma-valve enhliziyo. Manje ungase ubuze, "Ngakho-ke uyini umkhuhlane we-rheumatic?"
Cabanga nje ukuthi imizimba yethu ithola ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Ikakhulukazi izifo ezifana ne-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever, ezibangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Group A Streptococcal (GAS). Lapho la magciwane engena emzimbeni, isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba wethu, isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, siqala ukulwa nawo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kulwa kuyaphambuka. Isimiso sethu sokuzivikela sixubana namagciwane kanye namaseli ethu aphilile.
Kuleli qophelo, amasosha omzimba, kanye nokuhlasela amabhaktheriya, aqala ukuhlasela izingxenye zomzimba wethu, ikakhulukazi inhliziyo, amalunga, isikhumba kanye nobuchopho. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wonke. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-rheumatic fever .
Lokhu kuvuvukala kungalimaza ama-valve athambile enhliziyweni. Ama-valve enhliziyo afana neminyango. Avuleka futhi avaleke kahle ukuze igazi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic ungabangela ukuthi la ma-valve abe nezibazi, anciphe (stenosis) noma angavaleki kahle, okuvumela igazi ukuthi livuze emuva (regurgitation). Yilapho ama-valve enhliziyo onakele unomphela, futhi sikubiza ngokuthi yi-Rheumatic Heart Disease .
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lo monakalo ungenzeki ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kungemva kokuba ukutheleleka komphimbo sekuqalile futhi umkhuhlane wamathambo usufikile futhi wadlula, eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, mhlawumbe eminyakeni eyi-10 noma engama-20 kamuva, lapho izimpawu zenhliziyo ziqala khona ukuvela.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abantu abaningi baqala izimpawu kancane kakhulu. Zibonakala kuphela ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ngemva kokuqala komkhuhlane wamathambo. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela ebudaleni obusha.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Kuba nzima ukuphefumula uma uzivocavoca, uphumule, noma ulele phansi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba amaphaphu ayathinteka uma inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngendlela efanele. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ungase uzizwe ukuqina noma ubuhlungu esifubeni sakho ngoba inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Inhliziyo izwa sengathi ishaya ngokushesha noma ngokungajwayelekile. Izwa sengathi kukhona okundizayo esifubeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kube nesimo sokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile njenge- atrial fibrillation . |
| Ukuvuvukala komzimba | Isisu, imilenze, amaqakala, kanye nezandla kungase kuvuvuke. Lokhu kubangelwa ukunqwabelana koketshezi emzimbeni lapho umsebenzi wokushaya kwenhliziyo ubuthakathaka. |
| Ukukhathala okuvamile | Ngenxa yokuthi izingxenye zomzimba azitholi igazi elanele elinomoya-mpilo, uhlala uzizwa ukhathele futhi ungakwazi ukwenza lutho. |
| Imisindo yenhliziyo engavamile (i-Heart Murmur) | Uma udokotela ehlola nge-stethoscope, angase ezwe umsindo ongavamile obangelwa igazi eligeleza nge-valve eyonakele. |
| Ukukhwehlela igazi | Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esibi kakhulu. Kungenzeka uma ingcindezi enhliziyweni ikhuphuka futhi ithinta amaphaphu. |
Ingabe lesi sifo siyathelelana? Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Cha. Isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic asisabalali ngqo sisuka komunye umuntu siya komunye. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka komphimbo okubangelwa yi-streptococcal kuyimbangela. Leli gciwane lingasabalala emoyeni uma uthimula noma ukhwehlela.
Ngakho-ke, ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
- Kulabo abathola izifo zomphimbo njalo futhi abangazisebenzisi kahle izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane: ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobuntwana.
- Kulabo abahlala ezindaweni ezinezikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo ezilinganiselwe: Labo abangenayo indawo yokubona udokotela futhi abathola imithi basengozini enkulu.
- Kulabo abahlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi nezingenazo izinsiza: Izifo zivame ukusabalala ezindaweni ezinjalo.
Emazweni athuthukile njengeMelika, lapho kunikezwa khona ama-antibiotic ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlaselwa yi-strep throat, umkhuhlane wamathambo kanye nesifo senhliziyo samathambo manje sekuyivelakancane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, emazweni anjengelethu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya nezinabantu abaningi, lesi simo siseyinkinga enkulu yezempilo.
Iyini imiphumela yesikhathi eside yesifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic?
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umonakalo kuma-valve enhliziyo unganda, okuholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene.
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Isimo lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia): Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile okubangelwa yizimo ezifana ne-'Atrial Fibrillation'.
- I-Infective Endocarditis: Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu lapho amagciwane avela egazini engena kuma-valve avele onakele bese ebangela ukutheleleka.
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme Wephaphu: Ukucindezeleka okukhulu emithanjeni yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emaphashini.
- Ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokuqhekeka kwegazi: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kungabangela ukwakheka kwamaqhubu egazi ngaphakathi enhliziyweni, okungahamba kuye ebuchosheni bese kubangela ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
Kuyingozi kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amalunga. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umthamo wegazi lomzimba uyakhuphuka, okwenza inhliziyo isebenze kanzima. Inhliziyo enama-valve alimele ingaba nobunzima bokusingatha lo mthwalo owengeziwe. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo kumama kanye nomntwana.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma utshela udokotela wakho ngezimpawu zakho, uzokuhlola ngokucophelela. Ikakhulukazi, bazolalela inhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope futhi bahlole noma yimiphi imisindo engavamile (ukububula). Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazobuza ukuthi wake waba nomphimbo obuhlungu noma umkhuhlane useyingane.
Kungenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukuvuvukala emzimbeni noma izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Hlola ukuthi inhliziyo ikhulisiwe noma ukuthi kunezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Lesi isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu. Sifana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Singabona ngokucacile ukuthi ama-valve enhliziyo onakele, ancishisiwe, noma avuza kangakanani.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Iqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo futhi ihlole ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi lesi sifo singelapheka ngokuphelele yini. Iqiniso liwukuthi, umonakalo kuma-valve enhliziyo obangelwa yisifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amalunga omzimba awunakuguqulwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuyisimo esihlala njalo . Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okuhle, ungakwazi ukulawula izimpawu, uvimbele lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu, futhi uphile impilo evamile.
Izindlela zokwelapha zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Wenzani? |
|---|---|
| Imithi | Imithi inikezwa ukulawula ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, nokususa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni. Uma kunengozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi, kunganikezwa imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant) . |
| Inqubo Engangeni Kakhulu | Uma i-valve ye-mitral yenhliziyo incishisiwe, kukhona indlela yokwandisa i-valve ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kusetshenziswa ipayipi elincane elifakwe emlenzeni, njengebhaluni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Valvuloplasty . |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Valve Yenhliziyo | Uma isifo sibi kakhulu, ivalvu eyonakele kungadingeka ilungiswe noma isuswe ngokuphelele futhi kungadingeka ukuthi kufakwe ivalvu yokwenziwa noma ivalvu yezicubu. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungasivimbela kanjani lesi sifo?
Yebo, lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yalesi sihloko. Isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic siyisifo esingavinjelwa ngokuphelele. Kukhona into eyodwa elula kakhulu ongayenza ukuze usivimbele.
Ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele ngama-antibiotic esigabeni sokuqala sokutheleleka komphimbo we-streptococcal.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimpawu ezingezansi, sicela ningahlali nje ekhaya nicabange ukuthi kuyinto elula. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- I-tonsillitis
- Ubuhlungu bamalunga
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- Amaqhubu esikhumba noma izilonda
- Ukuthuthumela okungalawuleki kwezitho noma ikhanda (i-Chorea)
Uma udokotela ehlola futhi eqinisekisa ukuthi kuyigciwane elibangelwa amagciwane, uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kubalulekile ukuthatha umuthi ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ungayeki phakathi nokwelashwa ngoba nje ubuhlungu sebuphelile. Ukwenza kanjalo ngeke kuwabulale ngokuphelele amagciwane futhi kuzokwandisa ingozi yokuba nomkhuhlane wamathambo.
Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amalunga, ukutheleleka komphimbo okuphindaphindiwe kungandisa umonakalo enhliziyweni yakho. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uthathe umjovo we-penicillin wanyanga zonke isikhathi eside, mhlawumbe impilo yakho yonke, ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic sibangelwa ukutheleleka komphimbo okubangelwa yibhaktheriya okwenzeka ebuntwaneni.
- Lesi sifo sibangela umonakalo ongapheli kuma-valve enhliziyo. Lo monakalo awunakuguqulwa.
- Izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhathala, nokuvuvukala kwemilenze kuvela eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokuqala kwalesi sifo.
- Ungawushayi indiva umphimbo obuhlungu noma umkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha, futhi uma kudingeka, thatha ama-antibiotics isikhathi esiphelele esinqunyiwe.
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo esihambisana namathambo, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nokwelashwa ngqo. Hamba uyohlolwa njalo.
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