Uke wezwa ngalo mthambo we-brachiocephalic emzimbeni wakho? Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomthambo wegazi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu okungenzeka awukaze uwuzwe. Lona umthambo wegazi we-brachiocephalic. Nakuba igama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, umsebenzi wawo ulula kakhulu futhi ubalulekile. Wenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokuthwala igazi liye ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lomzimba wethu.

Iyini le mithambo ye-brachiocephalic?

Kalula nje, umthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic umthambo wegazi osuka ku-aorta, umthambo omkhulu osesifubeni sakho. Wake wayibona ingxenye egobile yenduku? Yileyo ndlela ingxenye ephezulu ye-aorta yethu ebukeka ngayo, futhi siyibiza ngokuthi i-aortic arch. Umthambo we-brachiocephalic umthambo wegazi wokuqala osuka ku-aorta arch. Usiza ekuhlinzekeni igazi ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lomzimba wakho.

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi:

• Isiqu se-Brachiocephalic: Ngoba sifana nesiqu samagatsha amabili amakhulu emithambo yegazi.
• Umthambo we-Innominate: Leli futhi igama elidala.

Umthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic uyingxenye yesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi, uhlelo oluthwala igazi emizimbeni yethu yonke.

Kwenzekani emthanjeni we-brachiocephalic?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic wenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Uthwala igazi elihlanzekile neligcwele umoya-mpilo uye ezithweni nasezicutshini ezisengxenyeni engenhla yomzimba wethu. Ngokukhethekile, uthatha igazi elivela ku-aorta yakho bese uliyisa emthanjeni wakho we-subclavian kwesokudla kanye nomthambo we-carotid ovamile kwesokudla. Leli gazi linikeza umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba engalweni yakho engenhla kwesokudla, ohlangothini lwesokudla lobuchopho bakho, ohlangothini lwesokudla lobuso bakho, kanye nohlangothi lwesokudla lwentamo yakho. Cabanga ngomsebenzi omkhulu lo mthambo omncane ongakwenza!

Ingabe lo mthambo uthwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo noma igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo?

Umbuzo omuhle! Umthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic uthwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo . Inhliziyo yethu ipompa igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo liye e-aorta. Ukusuka lapho, leli gazi lihamba ngeminye imithambo ephuma ku-aorta (kufaka phakathi umthambo we-brachiocephalic) ukuze yondle imizimba yethu.

Ikuphi i-brachiocephalic artery?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic (noma isiqu) utholakala ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lwesifuba sakho, ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho nangaphansi kancane kwentamo yakho. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, usendaweni yesifuba sakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-"Mediastinum". Lesi sikhala esibizwa ngokuthi i-"Mediastinum" sibaluleke kakhulu ngoba siqukethe inhliziyo yakho kanye nezingxenye zeminye imithambo yegazi emikhulu.

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, umthambo we-brachiocephalic yigatsha lokuqala elixhuma kusuka ku-`(Aortic arch)` yakho, okuyingxenye egobile ephezulu ye-aorta yakho. ``Okokuqala'' kusho ukuthi yigatsha eliseduze nenhliziyo yakho. Kodwa-ke, akulona igatsha lokuqala elixhuma kusuka ku-`(Aorta)` yakho. Ngoba, ngaphambi kwe-`(Aortic arch)`, kukhona ingxenye ye-aorta yakho ephuma enhliziyweni yakho, ebizwa ngokuthi i-`(Ascending aorta)`. Imithambo ye-coronary ehlinzeka ngegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo yakho ihlukane nale `(Ascending aorta)`. Ngakho-ke, igatsha lokuqala elixhuma kusuka ku-aorta yakho empeleni yimithambo yakho ye-coronary.

Okubalulekile, umthambo we-brachiocephalic awuyona enye yemithambo yegazi eyinhloko yenhliziyo, futhi awuxhumene ngqo negumbi lenhliziyo. Umane nje uyigatsha le-aorta.

Yiziphi izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zomthambo we-brachiocephalic?

Lo mthambo we-brachiocephalic uhlukana ube amagatsha amabili njengoba uhamba usuka enhliziyweni, okungukuthi, ukhuphuke. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubizwa nangokuthi `(Bifurcates)`. Amagatsha amabili yilawa:

• Umthambo we-subclavian wesokudla: Lo mthambo uhlinzeka ngegazi engxenyeni engenhla yengalo yakho yesokudla. Uphinde usakaze igazi ezingxenyeni zekhanda lakho, entanyeni nasesifubeni.
• Umthambo we-carotid ofanele: Lokhu kunikeza igazi ebuchosheni bakho nakwezinye izingxenye zekhanda lakho, ubuso, nentamo.

Lawa abizwa ngokuthi amagatsha asekugcineni ngoba umthambo we-brachiocephalic uphela lapha. Lokhu kuhlukana kwenzeka engxenyeni yesokudla ye-sternoclavicular, lapho i-clavicle ne-sternum kuhlangana khona ngakwesokudla kwakho.

Ingakanani le mithambo ye-brachiocephalic?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic (isiqu) uvame ukuba ngamasentimitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-5 ubude . Ububanzi bawo, noma ububanzi, bungamamilimitha angu-10.5 kuya kwangu-13.7 . Mncane, kodwa wenza umsebenzi omningi, akunjalo?

Kwenziwe ngani lokhu?

Njengeminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, umthambo we-brachiocephalic unodonga olwakhiwe ngezingqimba ezintathu:

• I-Tunica intima `(Tunica intima / interna)`: Lolu ungqimba olungaphakathi kakhulu. Lune-lining eyenziwe uhlobo lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi `(amaseli e-Endothelial)`. Yilokhu okusiza igazi ukuthi ligeleze kahle ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa.
• I-Tunica media: Lena ungqimba oluphakathi. Amaseli emisipha abushelelezi kulolu ngqimba asiza umthambo ukuba unwebeke futhi unciphe njengoba kudingeka, ngaleyo ndlela ulawule ukugeleza kwegazi.
• I-Tunica adventitia (i-Tunica adventitia / yangaphandle): Lolu ungqimba olungaphandle. Lunikeza amandla nokusekela imithambo yegazi. Lolu ungqimba lwakhiwe yi-collagen nezinye izicubu ezixhumanisayo.

Ingabe kukhona ukuhlukahluka kokwakheka komzimba endaweni yomthambo we-brachiocephalic?

Yebo, impela. Njengoba umthambo we-brachiocephalic uhlukaniswe yigophe le-aorta, ukuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene kule arch ye-aortic kungathinta nendawo yomthambo we-brachiocephalic. Ukuhlukahluka okuvame kakhulu ku-arch ye-aortic iphethini lapho kuhlukaniswe khona amagatsha amabili kuphela.

Ngokuvamile, imithambo yegazi emithathu ihlukana ngqo ne-aorta yakho. Yile:

• Umthambo we-Brachiocephalic (isiqu).
• Umthambo we-subclavian wesobunxele.
• Umthambo we-carotid ovamile kwesobunxele.

Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, esikhundleni salezi ezintathu, amagatsha amabili kuphela angahluma kusukela ku-`(i-Aortic arch)`. Amaphethini amabili anjalo yilawa:

1. Umthambo we-brachiocephalic kanye nomthambo we-carotid wesobunxele ovamile zivela endaweni efanayo: Lokhu kusho ukuthi zombili imithambo zivela esiqwini esifanayo, esivamile, "i-Aortic arch". Umthambo we-subclavian wesobunxele uhlukana ube yigatsha lesibili elihlukile, "umthambo we-subclavian wesobunxele".

2. Umthambo we-carotid ojwayelekile wesobunxele ovela kumthambo we-brachiocephalic: Kulokhu, esikhundleni sokuvela ngqo kumthambo we-aorta, umthambo we-carotid ojwayelekile wesobunxele uphuma kumthambo we-brachiocephalic. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuvame ukwenzeka cishe ngesentimitha elilodwa ukusuka kumthambo we-aorta. Umthambo we-subclavian wesobunxele uhlukana ngokwehlukana.

Lezi zinguquko ngokuvamile aziyona inkinga enkulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi odokotela bazi ngazo.

Ingabe ikhona imithambo ye-brachiocephalic yesokudla nesobunxele?

Iningi labantu line -brachiocephalic artery eyodwa kuphela . Itholakala ngakwesokudla kwesifuba. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ngokushintshashintsha okuthile ku-`(Aortic arch)`, kungase kube ne-brachiocephalic artery kokubili ohlangothini lwesokudla nolwesobunxele, noma kungase kube noyedwa ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Lezi yizimo ezingavamile kakhulu.

Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta umthambo we-brachiocephalic?

Umthambo we-brachiocephalic ungathinteka nayizimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• I-Tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF): Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. I-TIF iwukuxhumana okungajwayelekile phakathi komphimbo wakho (i-trachea) kanye nomthambo we-innominate (brachiocephalic). Lokhu kuyinkinga esongela impilo ye-tracheostomy, inqubo yokuhlinzwa entanyeni yokugcina umoya uvulekile. Ingabangela ukopha okukhulu, ngakho-ke ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ngokushesha. Uma usune-tracheostomy isikhathi eside, udokotela wakho angenza ama-CT scan ukuze ahlole ingozi yokuthola i-TIF.

• I-atherosclerosis:Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngalokhu. I-atherosclerosis yisimo lapho ama-fatty deposits (abizwa ngokuthi i-plaque) akheka khona ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, okungabangela ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezahlukene zomzimba. Lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni kuncipha ngale ndlela (isifo se-cerebrovascular), ngokuvamile imbangela kuba ama-fatty deposits emithanjeni yegazi ye-carotid. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ama-fatty deposits angakheka nasemithanjeni yegazi ye-brachiocephalic futhi abangele ukuthi incishiswe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwelashwa okufana nokubekwa kwe-stent kungadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwegazi.

• I-Aneurysm: I-aneurysm iwukuvuvukala odongeni lwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yobuthakathaka. I-Aneurysms emthanjeni we-brachiocephalic ayivamile kakhulu. I-Supra-aortic aneurysms yenzeka emithanjeni yegazi engaphezulu kwe-aortic arch, engaba ngu-3 kwezingu-100.

Ngingayigcina kanjani imithambo yami ye-brachiocephalic iphilile?

Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze ugcine hhayi nje kuphela umthambo wakho we-brachiocephalic, kodwa nayo yonke eminye imithambo emzimbeni wakho iphilile. Nazi ezimbalwa:

• Gwema ukusebenzisa ugwayi: Ukubhema, ukufutha i-vape, nokusebenzisa ugwayi ongenantuthu konke kuwela ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo okunamafutha agcwele kanye ne-sodium eningi: Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi amaphethini okudla njengokudla kwaseMedithera alungele inhliziyo kanye nemithambo yegazi.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo: Zama ukwenza ukuzivocavoca kwe-aerobic (okwandisa izinga lokuphefumula kwakho) okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele: Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yisiphi isisindo sakho esifanele nokuthi ungasifinyelela kanjani.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Abesifazane abaphuzi ngaphezu kwesiphuzo esisodwa ngosuku. Abesilisa abaphuzi ngaphezu kweziphuzo ezimbili ngosuku.
• Lawula ukucindezeleka: Funda izindlela ezintsha zokuphumula.
• Sebenzisa imithi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele: Lokhu kuhlanganisa imithi ye-cholesterol kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• Zama ukulala ngokwanele: Kubantu abadala, amahora ayisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalolunye okulala ngosuku kuhle empilweni yenhliziyo kanye nempilo iyonke.
• Bona udokotela wakho njalo: Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ungaphuthelwa yizikhathi zokubonana nodokotela wakho.

Ukufunda ngemithambo yethu yegazi, kanye nezinye izingxenye zesimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi, kungaba yinto eyethusa ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa futhi kungaba mnandi kakhulu. Ungase ufunde ngalezi zinto ngenxa yesimo sempilo noma ngenxa nje yelukuluku. Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. I-Anatomy yinto eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi akuwona wonke umzimba ofana. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlanganisa lokho okufundayo nolwazi lukadokotela wakho, kulula ukuthola isithombe esiphelele.

Izinto okufanele sizikhumbule kule ndaba (Umyalezo Ohamba Nawo Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, ukukubeka kalula, i-Brachiocephalic Artery esikhulume ngayo namuhla,

Lona umthambo wegazi obalulekile osuka e-aorta yethu. Lo mthambo uhlinzeka ngegazi elinomoya-mpilo, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lomzimba wethu, okungukuthi, ingalo yesokudla, uhlangothi lwesokudla lwentamo, uhlangothi lwesokudla lwekhanda, kanye nohlangothi lwesokudla lobuchopho.

Sixoxe ngendawo yayo, ubukhulu bayo, njll. Sixoxe nangezinkinga eziningana zezokwelapha ezingayithinta, nokuthi yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine lo mthambo uphilile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo ukuze ugcine lo mthambo uphilile, njenganoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yomzimba wethu. Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela. Yilokho okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza.

Umthambo we - Brachiocephalic, i-Aorta, imithambo yegazi, ukujikeleza kwegazi, impilo yenhliziyo