Asicabangi kakhulu ngobuhlungu esibuzwayo lapho sigwinya ukudla, siphuza amanzi amancane, noma sinomphimbo obuhlungu, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu, kukhona ingxenye encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu esebenzayo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngenzwa eyodwa ekhethekile kakhulu. Leyo yinzwa ye-glossopharyngeal. Nakuba igama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, umsebenzi eliwenzayo ulula kakhulu futhi ubalulekile.
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Ake siqale sibone, ziyini lezi zinzwa?
Kalula nje, imizwa ifana nohlelo lwezintambo ezincane ezigijima emizimbeni yethu. Ubuchopho bethu buyisikhungo esiyinhloko sokulawula. Kusukela kulesi sikhungo sokulawula, imiyalezo iyiswa kuzo zonke izitho zethu zokuzwa, njengezingalo zethu, imilenze, amehlo, izindlebe, nomphimbo, futhi kusukela kulezo zitho, imiyalezo iyiswa ebuchosheni ngalolu hlelo lwezintambo ezibizwa ngokuthi imizwa. Kufana nohlelo lwezintambo zikagesi endlini yethu. Imiyalezo kagesi neyamakhemikhali (ama-neurons) avela ebuchosheni ihamba ngalezi zinto.
Ngakho-ke, iyini le nzwa ye-Glossopharyngeal?
I-glossopharyngeal nerve ingeyesishiyagalolunye kwezimbili eziyinhloko zemizwa (i-9th Cranial Nerve noma i-CN IX) ezivela engxenyeni engezansi yobuchopho bethu (brainstem). Ziza ngambili, okusho ukuthi kukhona eyodwa ngakwesokudla kwentamo yethu kanye nenye ngakwesobunxele.
Ikhono lale nerve ukuthi ingenza izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemisebenzi, njengokungathi umuntu ofanayo wenza imisebenzi emithathu.
- Ukunyakaza komzimba: Kusiza ekunyakaziseni imisipha. Yilokhu okwenza imisipha emphinjeni isebenze lapho sigwinya ukudla.
- I-Parasympathetic: Isiza izitho zomzimba nezicubu ukuba ziphumule lapho singasebenzi, okungukuthi, siphumule. Isibonelo, yilokhu okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe emlonyeni ngemva kokuqeda ukudla.
- Inzwa: Isinika imizwa. Le ngxenye isisiza ukuzwa izinto ezifana nokunambitha, ukuthinta, kanye nokushisa. Yile ngxenye esinika ubuhlungu lapho umphimbo wethu ubuhlungu noma umuzwa lapho izindlebe zethu zigcwele.
Cabanga nje, inzwa efanayo ikusiza ukugwinya ukudla, ikunikeza umuzwa wokunambitha ngemuva kolimi lwakho, futhi ithumela ngisho nomyalezo ebuchosheni bakho mayelana nomphimbo obuhlungu. Lokho kuyamangalisa ngempela, akunjalo?
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I-glossopharyngeal nerve idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emphinjeni nasemlonyeni wethu. Ake sibheke ukuthi yenzani.
| Ingxenye yomzimba efanele | Umsebenzi ulula. |
|---|---|
| Ingemuva lolimi | Lo mthambo unesibopho sokunambitheka kokudla esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yesithathu yolimi. Uma sidla into ebabayo, njengegawuni elibabayo, ukunambitheka okubabayo kuzwakala kakhulu ngemuva kolimi, ngakho-ke lo mthambo unesibopho salokho. |
| Inqubo yokugwinya | Umsipha we-stylopharyngeus emphinjeni uyasebenza, osiza ekuphakamiseni i-larynx kanye ne-pharynx yethu. Le nqubo yiyo esivumela ukuthi sigwinye ukudla neziphuzo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. |
| Ama-Tonsils | Yingxenye ezwelayo yale nerve edlulisela ubuhlungu esibuzwayo lapho sinomphimbo obuhlungu noma amathonsi avuvukele ebuchosheni. |
| Indlebe ephakathi | Lo mthambo yiwona osenza sizizwe ubuhlungu esibuzwayo lapho sinesifo sendlebe, noma ukugcwala esikuzwayo lapho indlebe igcwele uketshezi olufana ne-mucus. |
| Indlala ye-Parotid | Uma sesiqedile ukudla, le nzwa ilawula ukukhiqizwa kwamathe okungadingekile emlonyeni futhi inciphise ukukhiqizwa kwamathe. |
| I-Carotid sinus | Lona umthambo wegazi osentanyeni yethu. Lo mthambo usiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi wethu, okungukuthi, ukuwugcina usezingeni elidingekayo. |
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta lo mthambo?
Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitho, i-glossopharyngeal nerve ingathinteka yizifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nokulimala, ezinye zazo ezingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yethu yansuku zonke.
I-Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia (GPN)
Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu nesibuhlungu esihlotshaniswa nale nzwa. Kalula nje, lokhu ubuhlungu obukhulu emsipheni.
- Kwenzekani?: Ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, ngokuzumayo uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, obubukhali, obufana nogesi emphinjeni wakho, ngemuva kolimi lwakho, noma ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho.
- Ubuhlungu buqala kanjani?: Lobuhlungu bungahlala imizuzwana embalwa kuya kwemizuzu embalwa. Bungavela ngokuzumayo uma ugwinya, ukhuluma, uthimula, ukhwehlela, noma uhleka kakhulu.
- Umphumela: Lobuhlungu bukhulu kangangokuthi abanye abantu bayesaba ukudla noma ngisho nokuphuza amanzi ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi ubuhlungu buzobuya.
I-Glossopharyngeal Nerve Palsy
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingozi, isifo sohlangothi, noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha silimaza le nzwa futhi sibangele ukuthi ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kwayo. Inzwa ingase ingasebenzi kahle noma ingasebenzi ngokuphelele.
- Izimpawu:
- Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia).
- Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokunambitha ngemuva kolimi.
- Ukushintsha kwezwi.
- Ukulahlekelwa noma ubuthakathaka bokuzwa ngemuva komphimbo (i-gag reflex).
Ezinye izizathu
Ngaphezu kwezimo ezingenhla, le nzwa ingonakalisa ngenxa yezizathu eziningana.
- Izimila kanye nomdlavuza: Izimila noma ezinye izimila ebuchosheni, emlonyeni, emphinjeni, emathonsilini, noma esisekelweni sogebhezi zingabangela ukucindezelwa kwale nerve.
- Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa okuthile:
- Ukususwa kwe-Carotid Endarterectomy: Lo mthambo ungonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe amafutha emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi entanyeni.
- Ukususwa kwamathonsi: Kwezinye izimo, izicubu zesilonda ezakheka ngemva kokususwa kwamathonsi futhi ziphulukiswa zingacindezela le nzwa, okubangela ubuhlungu. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Eagle Syndrome.
- Ngesikhathi sokubulala izinzwa: Amanye amashubhu (i-laryngeal mask airway) afakwa emphinjeni ngesikhathi sokubulala izinzwa angalimaza izicubu ezibucayi zomphimbo kanye nale nerve.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sivikele lo mzwelo?
Ngezinye izikhathi, izimo ezifana ne-glossopharyngeal neuralgia zingenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, okwenza kube nzima ukuzivimbela. Kodwa-ke, ngokunciphisa izici eziyingozi esingazilawula, singanciphisa umonakalo kulo mthambo.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Uma ubhema, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuyeka. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Lezi zinto zinciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza womlomo nomphimbo.
- Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-HPV:I-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) ingabangela umdlavuza womphimbo. Ukuthola lo muthi kunganciphisa leyo ngozi.
- Ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokuzivocavoca: Ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo kungasiza ekugcineni impilo enhle iyonke.
- Ukukhetha udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi lokuhlinzwa: Uma udinga ukuhlinzwa emphinjeni noma entanyeni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi oluhle kulo mkhakha. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.
Ngingayibona nini udokotela?
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, ungazinaki futhi nakanjani bonana nodokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
- Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla nokuphuza (dysphagia).
- Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile noma ubuhlungu lapho uvula umlomo wakho.
- Uma uvame ukuzwa umlomo owomile.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwe umuzwa ngemuva komlomo wakho noma emphinjeni.
- Uma i-gag reflex izwakala ibuthakathaka noma ingekho.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obubukhali, obufana nogesi endaweni yomphimbo, indlebe, noma ulimi.
Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu njengobuhlungu nje bomphimbo. Zingaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi esiyisisekelo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-glossopharyngeal nerve iyi-nerve ekhethekile evela ebuchosheni bethu futhi ibalulekile ekugwinyeni, ekunambitheni nasekuzweleni umphimbo.
- I-glossopharyngeal neuralgia (ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obubukhali emphinjeni, endlebeni, noma ngemuva kolimi) kungaba yisimo esihlobene nale nerve.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokugwinya, izinguquko zezwi, noma ukulahlekelwa ukunambitha olimini.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole iseluleko esifanele kanye nokwelashwa.
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