Ukubona kwakho kunjani? (Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo) Ake sithole.

Wake wadinga ukubheka ibhodi elinemigqa yombhalo odongeni uma uya kudokotela wamehlo? Yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi (Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo). Kalula nje, kuwukuhlolwa kokubona ukuthi amehlo akho abukeka kahle kangakanani. "Ukubona Okubonakalayo" yilokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi ubukhali bokubona kwakho.

Kungani lokhu (Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo) kubaluleke kangaka?

Cabanga nje, uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukubona izinto ezikude kancane, noma izinhlamvu ephephandabeni zibonakala zingacacile. Nansi indlela esheshayo yokuthola ukuthi kube noshintsho yini emehlweni akho. Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa, uchwepheshe wamehlo uzonquma ukuthi udinga ukugqoka izibuko zamehlo noma ama-contact lens, noma uma usuvele uwasebenzisa, ukuthi udinga ukushintsha amandla.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho. Kungenzeka ukuthi izibuko zakho zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukubona okufiphele kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesinye isimo esithinta amehlo.

Ukuhlolwa kokubona okubonakalayo kwenziwa nini? Yini engayithola?

Ngokuvamile, uma uya kohlolwa amehlo, lokhu (Visual Acuity Test) kwenziwa nakanjani. Odokotela benza lokhu ukuze bathole noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kunezinkinga eziningana zokubona ezingatholakala kakhulu ngalesi sivivinyo:

• I-Myopia : Ukungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacile.
• Ukubona eduze (i-Hyperopia): Ukungakwazi ukubona izinto eziseduze, ikakhulukazi lapho ufunda.
• I-Astigmatism : Ukubona okufiphele okubangelwa yiso elingagxili kahle ekukhanyeni.
• I-Presbyopia : Ukulahlekelwa umbono oseduze njengoba sikhula. Ngokuvamile kuqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-40.
• Ukungaboni imibala : Ukungakwazi ukuhlukanisa imibala ethile.

Kufanele uhlolwe amehlo akho kangaki?

Ngokuhlola amehlo akho njalo kanye nokubona kwakho, udokotela wakho wamehlo angakwazi ukubona noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi . Ukuvama kokuhlolwa kwamehlo akho kuvame ukuhluka kuye ngeminyaka yakho:

• Izingane ezincane: Kufanele udokotela wezingane ahlole amehlo engane yakho njalo lapho evakashela ingane ephilile kuze kube yilapho iqala isikole, bese kuba njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emibili ngemva kwalokho.
• Abantu abadala abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala: Njalo eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi.
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-54 ubudala: Njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemine.
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala: Kanye njalo eminyakeni eyodwa kuya kwemithathu.

Kodwa-ke, uma ugqoka izibuko noma ama-contact lens, noma unesifo esifana nesifo sikashukela, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo akho kaningi . Kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuthi kufanele uhlolwe amehlo kangaki.

Ubani owenza lokhu (Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo)?

Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngudokotela wamehlo wakho, okungaba udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nodokotela wakho ojwayelekile angenza lokhu (Visual Acuity Test), ikakhulukazi uma uya ukuyombona enezimpawu zamehlo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kokubona okubonakalayo ezikhona?

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlola ukubona kwakho. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu zokuhlolwa kokubona:

• Ishadi lamehlo likaSnellen: Leli ibhodi elinemigqa yezinhlamvu odongeni olikhumbulayo uma uzwa ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Izinhlamvu zinkulu phezulu, futhi izinhlamvu ziba zincane njengoba wehla. Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uzifunde uze ukwazi ukuzifunda kahle. Kwezinye izindawo, lokhu kuboniswe odongeni noma kuboniswe esikrinini.

• Ishadi lika-E elingahleliwe: Leli lifana neshadi lika-Snellen. Kodwa esikhundleni sezinhlamvu ezahlukene, linohlamvu "E" kuphela. Uhlamvu u-E luncane futhi luncane, lujikelezwe, lubheke phansi, futhi lujikelezwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kufanele ulifunde uze ungakwazi ukubona ukuthi uhlamvu u-E lubheke ngakuphi.

• Ukuhlolwa kokubona okunamandla: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela ubamba ikhanda lakho bese elinyakazisa kancane kancane kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye ukuze ahlole umbono wakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukugcina amehlo akho ezinzile ngenkathi ikhanda lakho lihamba (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-vestibulo-ocular reflex).

• Ukuhlolwa kokubona kwe-Pinhole: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okwenzelwe ngqo ukubona ukubona eduze, noma i-myopia. Njengokuhlolwa okuvamile, unikezwa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-paddle emboza iso elilodwa. Kodwa-ke, inembobo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezincane (imbobo ye-pin) kuyo. Esikhundleni sokubheka ngelinye iso, ufunda ishadi le-Snellen noma le-Random E ngalezi zimbobo.

• Ukuhlolwa kokubona kahle kwabantwana: Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlola ukubona kwabantwana abaneminyaka ehlukene. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngokuhlolwa kokubona kahle kwabantwana baseCardiff. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zisebenzisa izithombe noma imidwebo esikhundleni sezinhlamvu. Ungase futhi unikezwe izinhlamvu ephepheni elihlukile bese ucelwa ukuthi ufanise izinhlamvu eziseshadini lodonga.

Ungayihlola Kanjani I-Visual Acuity Test?

Ukuhlolwa okuningi kokubona kahle kwenziwa ngale ndlela:

1. Uzobekwa noma umiswe cishe ngamamitha angu-20 ukusuka esibonini esinezinhlamvu.

2. Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uvale iso elilodwa (ngokuvamile ngesandla sakho, noma ngalolo bhodi elincane).

3. Okulandelayo, batshelwa ukuthi bafunde kancane kusukela emgqeni ophezulu wezinhlamvu ezinkulu phansi .

4. Kufanele uqhubeke ufunda uze ungabe usakwazi ukubona izinhlamvu noma izimpawu ngokucacile .

5. Uma usuqedile ngeso elilodwa, vala elinye bese uphinda isivivinyo kusukela ekuqaleni.

Kulungile ukuzama ukuqagela ukuthi unenkinga yokufunda izinhlamvu njengoba zehla. Kodwa-ke, uma uqala ukubona izinhlamvu zingacacile noma unenkinga yokufunda, tshela udokotela wakho. Ungaphazamisi amehlo noma ukhame amehlo akho. Inhloso yalolu vivinyo ukuthola ukuhlolwa okunembile kombono wakho. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki ngokuthi "uhlulekile" noma "udlule" noma kunjalo.

Uma usuvele ugqoka izibuko noma ama-contact lens, udokotela wakho angakwenza lokhu (Visual Acuity Test) izikhathi eziningana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukubona kwakho kuzohlolwa kokubili ngaphandle kwezibuko zakho (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umbono ongalungiswanga) kanye nezibuko zakho (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umbono olungisiwe).

Ingabe kukhona engikudingayo ukulungiselela ngaphambi kwalokhu (Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo)?

Cha, akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo. Uma ugqoka izibuko noma ama-contact lens, qiniseka ukuthi uyawaletha nawe uma uzohlolwa amehlo. Udokotela cishe uzowasusa bese ehlola ukubona kwakho okungalungisiwe.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa kokubona kahle?

Ngemva kokuthi i-Visual Acuity Test isiqediwe, udokotela wakho wamehlo uzoqeda ingxenye esele yokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Kungase kudingeke futhi wenze ezinye izivivinyo, njengokuhlolwa kwe-Slit Lamp. Lokhu kuzohlola ezinye izimo ezingase zithinte amehlo akho, njenge:

• Ama-cataract
• I-Glaucoma (i-Glaucoma)
• Ukuwohloka kwe-macular

Ingabe ikhona ingozi kulokhu (Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo)?

Akukho bungozi. Ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile ngaphandle kwezibuko zakho noma ama-contact lens, kodwa lokhu kungokwesikhashana. Ungazigqoka futhi ngokushesha nje lapho udokotela eseqedile ukuhlola amehlo akho.

Iyini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-Visual Acuity?

Umphumela wakho Wokuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo uza njengengxenyana. Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi umbono wakho ongalungiswanga muhle kangakanani.

Ungase ukhumbule ukuthi umbono ongu-20/20 ubizwa ngokuthi umbono ofanele. Ukuba nombono ongu-20/20 kusho ukuthi ungabona ngokucacile into eqhele ngamamitha angu-20. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi umbono ongu-20/20 usho umbono "ophelele". Kodwa empeleni kusho ukuba nombono ojwayelekile noma onempilo .

Abantu abaningi abanawo umbono oqondile ngaphandle kwezibuko noma ama-contact lenses. Eqinisweni, abantu abadala abangu-35% kuphela e-United States abanombono oqondile ngokwemvelo.

Ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-Visual Acuity, udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokutshela ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze ulungise umbono wakho. Izindlela ezivame kakhulu ukugqoka izibuko noma ama-contact lens. Uma usuvele uwagqokile, angalungiswa ukuze afane nezinguquko ezitholakale esivivinyweni.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, bonana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha .

Uma umbono wakho uba mubi kakhulu ngokuzumayo, noma ulahlekelwa umbono kwelinye iso noma womabili, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngisho noma ungazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokubona kuyini, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wakwenza ngaphambili. Ukufunda kusukela phezulu kuya phansi kulelo bhodi lodonga kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udokotela wakho usebenzisa luphi uhlobo lokuhlolwa kokubona, khuluma iqiniso ngokuthi ungakwazi ukubona kude kangakanani nokuthi awukwazi ukubona kude kangakanani. Nakuba amanye ama-movie ehlekisa ngabantu abangaboni kahle abenza lokhu kuhlolwa, akusikho ukuhlolwa "kokwehluleka" noma "okubi".

Cishe wonke umuntu uzizwa ekhululekile, ekhululekile, futhi ephephile ngemva kokuhlolwa kokubona kahle nokuthola usizo aludingayo ukuze alungise umbono wakhe. Uma unenkinga noma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho noma emehlweni, khuluma nochwepheshe wamehlo akho.

Ukubona kwamehlo , ukuhlolwa kokubona, ukuhlolwa kokubona, ishadi lamehlo, i-myopia, izibuko zamehlo, udokotela wamehlo, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, ishadi le-Snellen