Ufuna ukwazi konke mayelana nezintambo zezwi ezinika amandla izwi lakho?

Sonke sinezwi lethu eliyingqayizivele, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi, noma singamboni umuntu, siyambona ngendlela akhuluma ngayo. Ngakho-ke, wake wazibuza ukuthi izwi lethu lakhiwa kanjani? Yikuphi okuncane emzimbeni wethu okusiza ngalokho? Impendulo yizintambo zezwi . Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalezi zintambo zezwi ezinhle, umsebenzi wazo, nokuthi singazigcina kanjani ziphilile.

Ziyini izintambo zezwi? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, izintambo zakho zezwi ziyimicu emibili yemisipha etholakala endaweni encane efana nebhokisi emphinjeni wakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-larynx . Le larynx itholakala ngaphezu kwe -trachea yakho, ipayipi elithwala umoya liye emaphashini akho uma uphefumula.

Uma uphefumula ngaphakathi nangaphandle, lezi zintambo ezimbili zezwi ziyakhululeka, zivumela umoya ukuba udlule ngokukhululeka. Kodwa uma uqala ukukhuluma, lezi zintambo ezimbili zezwi ziyasondelana, bese umoya owukhiphayo udlidliza ndawonye phakathi. Lokho kudlidliza yilokho okuphuma njengezwi lakho.

Odokotela abaningi babiza lawa “ma-vocal folds” kunokuthi “ama-vocal cord .” Kunesizathu salokho. Esikhathini esidlule, abantu babewabheka njengezintambo ezimbili zomculo ezazizwakala lapho zishaywa. Kodwa manje sesiyazi ukuthi azizona nje izintambo ezimbili, kodwa kunalokho ziwuchungechunge lwemisipha exhumene kanye nama-cartilage. Empeleni, azizona izakhiwo ezilodwa, kodwa zixhunywe emisipheni ehlukahlukene kanye nama-cartilage ngaphakathi kwe-larynx.

Yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezenziwa yizintambo zezwi?

Into eyinhloko ukukhiqiza izwi, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile yenziwa yilezi zintambo zezwi.

1. Ukudala izwi lethu eliyingqayizivele

Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma ukhuluma, uhlabelela, uhumzela, ukhala, uhlebela - konke lokhu kuyimisindo eyenziwa yilezi zintambo zezwi. Uma izintambo zezwi zifinyela, umoya ovela epayipini lomoya awukwazi ukuphuma futhi uvaleleke. Lo moya ovalelekile udala ingcindezi ezintanjeni zezwi. Kungenxa yalokhu kucindezela ukuthi umoya ukhishwe njengamaconsi, okubangela ukuthi izintambo zezwi zidlidlize. Kuye ngokuthi izwi lakho lizwakala kanjani, lezi zintambo zezwi zingadlidliza izikhathi ezingamakhulu ngomzuzwana! Lokhu kudlidliza nomoya ndawonye kudala izwi lakho.

Cabanga nje, zonke izinto ezisebusweni bakho, njengezindebe zakho, ulimi, amazinyo, izihlathi, kanye nemigodi yama-sinus, zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zicacise, zihlobise, futhi ziguqule umsindo ovela kulezi zintambo zezwi, zidale izwi lakho eliyingqayizivele.

2. Ukuvikela imigudu yethu yomoya

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu futhi.

• Uma ugwinya: I-larynx yakho ifana nendawo yokuhlangana. Yilapho izindlela ezimbili eziya emhubheni womoya (umoya) kanye nomhubhe (ukudla nokuphuza) zihlukana khona. Uma udla, lezi zintambo zezwi ziyavaleka, zivimbele izinto ezifana nokudla nokuphuza ukuthi zingangeni emhubheni womoya. Uma ugwinya, i-larynx iyaphakama, iqondise ukudla ngqo emhubheni.
• Uma ukhwehlela:Uma into ethile izama ukungena emgudwini womoya, izintambo zezwi ziyafinyela ngokuzumayo, okubangela ukukhwehlela. Futhi, uma unomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela kusiza ukususa izinto ezingafuneki ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Njalo uma usula umphimbo wakho, njalo uma ukhwehlela, lezi zintambo zezwi ziyafinyela.

3. Ukulawula ukuphefumula kwakho

Uma uphefumula uphuma futhi ungena, izintambo zezwi ziyahlukana, okuvumela indlela yokuphefumula ukuthi idlule ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa.

Zitholakalaphi izintambo zezwi?

Izintambo zakho zezwi zitholakala engxenyeni yomzimba wakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-larynx , eyaziwa nangokuthi "ibhokisi lezwi." Lokhu kutholakala ngaphezu komphimbo womoya, ngemuva kwe-apula lika-Adam, elitholakala enkabeni yomphimbo wakho. Uma ubeka umunwe owodwa noma emibili kuleli thambo bese ulicindezela, uzolizwa likhuphuka. Uma uvula umlomo wakho, uzolizwa lehla.

Iyini ukuma nokwakheka kwezintambo zezwi?

Izintambo zezwi ziyizicucu ezimbili ezimhlophe phakathi kwe-larynx yakho. Uma izintambo zezwi zivulekile, engakwesokudla neyakwesobunxele ziyahlangana ukuze zakhe u-"V" ohlanekezelwe. Uma zivaliwe, ziyahlangana ukuze zibukeke njengomugqa omncane.

Lezi zintambo zezwi ziqala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwe-larynx ziye ohlangothini lwesokudla, kanye nangaphambili kuya emuva. Zinamathele emisipheni kanye noqweqwe ngaphakathi kwe-larynx okusiza ukulawula ukunyakaza kwezintambo zezwi.

Izintambo zezwi zimbozwe yisimbozo esimanzi nesivikelayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-mucous membrane . Ngaphansi kwalesi simbozo, izintambo zezwi zakhiwe ngezendlalelo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• Ingqimba engaphandle kakhulu yamaseli ibizwa ngokuthi i-epithelium .
• Ingqimba ephakathi, ebizwa ngokuthi i-lamina propria, yiyo esiza izintambo zezwi ukuthi zinyakaze.
• Ingqimba engaphakathi yemisipha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-Vocalis Muscle kanye ne-Thyroarytenoid Muscles .

Usayizi wezintambo zezwi ushintsha kanjani?

Uma uzalwa, izintambo zakho zezwi ziphakathi kwamamilimitha ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 ubude. Njengoba ukhula, nazo ziyanda. Ubude nobukhulu bezintambo zezwi kunquma ukuphakama kwezwi lakho. Izintambo zezwi ezijiyile zikhiqiza izwi elijulile nelihoshozelayo (iphimbo eliphansi).

• Kwabesilisa: Njengoba abafana befika esikhathini sokuthomba, i-hormone i- testosterone ibangela ukuba imisipha yabo yezwi ikhule futhi inde. Yingakho amazwi abo ejula. Imisipha evamile yezwi yabesilisa abadala iphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-1.75 no-2.5 ​​ubude. Lezi zinguquko azikwazi ukuguqulwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi labo abathola ukwelashwa kwama-hormone okwenziwa abesifazane ukuze babe ngabesifazane kuzodingeka basebenzisane nochwepheshe wezokukhuluma ukuze bashintshe iphimbo lezwi labo, bahlinzwe ukuze basebenzele ukuhlinzwa kokwenziwa kwabesifazane ngezwi, noma amazwi abo azohlala ejulile.
• Ezabesifazane:Amantombazane nawo abhekana nokwandiswa kwezwi njengoba efika esikhathini sokuthomba. I-vocal cord evamile yowesifazane omdala iphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-1.25 no-1.75 ubude. Uma bethatha ukwelashwa ngama-hormone e-testosterone (ukwelashwa ngama-hormone okukhulisa) ukuze babe ngamadoda, i-vocal cord yabo nayo iyakhula futhi ikhule. Ngenxa yalokho, amazwi abo ayajula.

Njengoba abanye abantu bekhula, imisipha yabo yezwi kanye neminye imisipha e-larynx iba buthakathaka futhi ishwabane, okwenza kube nzima ukukhuluma.

Yiziphi izifo ezithinta izintambo zezwi?

Imisipha yethu yezwi ingakha nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

Izimo ezivame ukubonakala:

• I-Laryngitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yezwi. Lokhu kungabangela izwi lakho ukuba lihoshe, libe buthaka, lihoshe, noma lihoshe. Kungabangelwa ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, izifo, ukubhema, kanye ne-acid reflux yesikhathi eside (GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) .
• Amaqhubu E-Vocal Cord, Ama-Polyp Nama-Cysts: Lawa amaqhubu angenawo umdlavuza (angewona umdlavuza). Amaqhubu nama-polyp angamaqhubu aqinile, kanti amaqhubu ayizikhwama ezigcwele uketshezi. Lokhu kungabangela nokuthi izwi lakho libe buthaka, lihoshoze, noma lingabi khona nhlobo. Imbangela evame kakhulu ukucindezela izwi lakho (ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile noma ukusetshenziswa kabi). Ezinye izimbangela zifaka phakathi ukubhema, i-sinusitis , kanye nokungezwani komzimba.
• Ukukhubazeka Kwentambo Yezwi: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izintambo zezwi zingakwazi ukuvula noma ukuvala ngokujwayelekile. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukukhuluma, ukuphefumula, nokugwinya. Izimo ezahlukahlukene ezilimaza imizwa zingabangela imisipha yezintambo zezwi ukuthi iyeke ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izwi lizwakale liphefumula, noma kwenze kube nzima ukukhwehlela noma ukuhlanza umphimbo wakho.

Izimo ezingavamile ukubonwa:

• Umdlavuza We-Laryngeal: Umdlavuza ungavela ezingxenyeni ze-larynx, kufaka phakathi izintambo zezwi.
• I-Laryngospasm: Lokhu ukushaqeka okungazelelwe kwemisipha yezwi, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula nokukhuluma. Lokhu kushaqeka akulindelwa futhi ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi komzuzu.
• I-Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imisipha ekhanda lakho nasentanyeni isebenza ngokweqile. Uqinisa imisipha ngaphakathi, ngaphandle, noma yomibili ye-larynx yakho. Lokhu kuqina kungenza kube nzima ukuthi izintambo zakho zezwi zihambe ngokukhululeka nangokulula, okubangela umuzwa wokuqina nokungakhululeki emphinjeni wakho kanye/noma entanyeni.
• I-Reinke's Edema: Lesi yisimo lapho uketshezi luqongelela endaweni yezintambo zezwi ebizwa ngokuthi 'isikhala sikaReinke' bese luvuvukala. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izwi libe likhulu futhi iphimbo liyehla.
• I-Spasmodic Dysphonia:Lesi yisimo sesikhathi eside lapho izintambo zakho zezwi ziba lukhuni noma ziqine uma uzama ukukhuluma.
• Ukuvinjelwa Kwe-Laryngeal Okungavuthwa (ILO): Lesi simo sibangela ubunzima ekuvuleni izintambo zezwi, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Vocal Cord Dysfunction .

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zezifo ze-vocal cord?

Izimpawu zincike esimweni esithile esithinta izintambo zezwi, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile:

• Ukuhosha kwezwi.
• Ukulahlekelwa yizwi.
• Izwi elibuthakathaka noma ukuzwa kancane.
• Ukushintsha kwezwi, ikakhulukazi ukushintsha kusuka ekuphakameni okuphezulu kuya ekuphakameni okuphansi noma ukushoshozela.
• Ukukhwehlela njalo, ubunzima bokugwinya, noma ubuhlungu bentamo.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya, ukukhuluma, noma ukuphefumula.

Yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziswayo ukuhlola izintambo zezwi?

Uma ushintsha izwi lakho (njengokuhosha, ubunzima bokukhuluma) isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, kungadingeka ubone uchwepheshe wezwi noma uchwepheshe wezindlebe, impumulo, nomphimbo (ENT). Kungadingeka futhi ubone udokotela wezindlebe, udokotela ochwepheshe bezifo ze-larynx, noma udokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma ochwepheshe bezwi.

Uma ubona udokotela wakho, uzobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi ahlole umzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• I-CT scan noma i-MRI: Lezi zivivinyo zesithombe zingabheka amaqhubu, amathumba, noma izimila emphinjeni wakho.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokukhiqizwa Kwamagciwane: Udokotela angase athathe isampula emphinjeni wakho ukuze ahlole amagciwane angabangela ukutheleleka.
• I-Laryngoscopy: Kule nqubo, udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane (i-laryngoscope) elinokukhanya nekhamera elangeni lakho ukuze ahlole izintambo zakho zezwi.
• I-Videostroboscopy: Lokhu kufana ne-laryngoscopy, kodwa isebenzisa ukukhanya okukhethekile ukuze udokotela abone ukuthi izintambo zakho zezwi ziyavevezela kanjani.
• I-Biopsy: Udokotela angase athathe isampula yezicubu emithanjeni yakho yezwi bese ehlola amangqamuzana angajwayelekile.
• I-Laryngeal Electromyography (LEMG): Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekuxilongeni ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-vocal cord. Kukala ukuthi izinzwa zakho zilawula kanjani imisipha ku-larynx yakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izifo ze-vocal cord?

Ukwelashwa kuncike nasohlotsheni lwesifo. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kuhlanganisa:

• Ukuphumula izwi (hhayi ukukhuluma noma ukucula - ukuphumula ngezwi).
• Imithi enciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokususa izinto ezifana namaqhubu kanye nezimila.
• Ukwelashwa Ngezwi: Lokhu kungasiza ekwelapheni izintambo zakho zezwi noma kukufundise ukuthi ungazisebenzisa kanjani kahle. Kungakusiza futhi ukuthi ukhulume ngokuzethemba okukhulu nokulawula.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine imisipha yethu yezwi iphilile?

Izwi lethu liyinto eyigugu kakhulu kithi. Ngakho-ke ukugcina lezi zintambo zezwi ziphilile nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Into engcono kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa kahle, ngaphandle kokuzicindezela.

Ungazibizi lezi zinto:

• Ukukhathaza izwi lakho ngokulisebenzisa kakhulu (ukukhuluma kakhulu, ukucula kakhulu).
• Uma izwi lakho lizwakala lishile noma libuthakathaka, zama ukukhuluma noma ukucula.
• Ukubhema, ukuchayeka entuthwini kagwayi.
• Ukumemeza isikhathi eside, noma ukukhuluma ngokuhleba. Zombili lezi zinto zicindezela izintambo zezwi.

Yenza lezi zinto:

• Uma une -GERD/LPRD , yelashwe ngendlela efanele.
• Phuza amanzi anele ngosuku futhi ugcine umzimba wakho unamanzi.
• Uma ufuna izwi lakho lizwakale kude, sebenzisa imakrofoni.
• Gwema izindawo lapho kunothuli oluningi khona kanye nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali anamandla.
• Uma unesifo, yehlisa inani (nomthamo) lokukhuluma.
• Uma ukhuluma noma uhlabelela, prakthiza ukuphefumulela emzimbeni wakho ongezansi, hhayi esifubeni sakho.
• Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esomile (njengobusika), sebenzisa i-humidifier ukuze ugcine umoya owuphefumulayo umanzi.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Izintambo zakho zezwi yizo ezikusiza ukuthi ukhulume, uhlabelele, futhi uphefumule. Ngisho noma zincane, abangani bakho nomndeni wakho bangakubona ngomsindo abawenzayo lapho zidlidliza.

Vikela imisipha yakho yezwi ekukhathaleni. Ungazicindezeli ngokukhuluma kakhulu noma ngokucula isikhathi eside kakhulu. Gwema ukubhema (kufaka phakathi intuthu ebhemayo), futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi. Ungazisebenzisi kabi imisipha yakho yezwi futhi ugcine izwi lakho liphilile. Phela, izwi lakho liyigugu kuwe!

Izwi , izintambo zezwi, i-larynx, izifo zomphimbo, ukugcinwa kwezwi, i-laryngitis, izinguquko zezwi