Konke ofuna ukukwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi!

Unjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngento abantu abaningi abavame ukuyizwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi baze bazizwe besaba kancane. Lokho kumayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Yebo, yebo, lokho kuhlolwa lapho kufakwa khona inaliti bese kuthathwa igazi elincane. Abanye abantu bayesaba kancane uma bezwa lokhu, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki, empeleni lokhu kuyinto esisiza sithole ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yemizimba yethu. Ake sibheke eminye imininingwane ngalokhu.

Kuyini ngempela ukuhlolwa kwegazi?

Kalula nje, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyindlela evamile odokotela abayisebenzisa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ungase uhlolwe igazi njengengxenye yokuhlolwa ngokomzimba okuvamile, noma ungase ube nesimo sezokwelapha noma izimpawu ezidinga lokho. Cabanga nje, ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele, bese udokotela angase athi, "Singalwenza yini uhlolo lwegazi?"

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ezinye izivivinyo zibheka izinto ezifana namaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet egazini lakho. Ezinye zibheka izinto ezifana nama-electrolyte, amaprotheni, nama-hormone egazini lakho. Lezi zivivinyo zingabheka nezinye zezimbiwa egazini lakho.

Kodwa nansi into okufanele uyikhumbule : Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuwusizo olukhulu kodokotela ekuxilongeni izifo, kodwa umbiko wokuhlolwa kwegazi awulona ukuxilongwa okuqondile. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe kukhona into engavamile embikweni wegazi, akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesifo esibi. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ngemva kokubona umbiko, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola imininingwane eqondile.

Kufanele ngihlolwe nini igazi?

Igazi lakho liyinto emangalisayo ephethe ulwazi oluningi mayelana nempilo yomzimba wakho wonke. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubaluleke kangaka. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi:

• Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba okuvamile kwaminyaka yonke: Ngalesi sikhathi, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuze ahlole impilo yakho iyonke. Isibonelo, kungase kucelwe ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC), iphaneli ye-metabolic eyisisekelo (i-BMP), noma iphaneli ye-metabolic ephelele.
• Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze izivivinyo zokuhlola: Lezi zivivinyo zenziwa ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu. Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi usengozini yokuthola isifo esithile, njengomdlavuza, angase akucele lezi zivivinyo. Isibonelo, uma usengozini yokuthola isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, angase enze izivivinyo eziningana zegazi ukuze abone ukuthi ingozi yakho iphakeme kangakanani.
• Uma ungazizwa kahle:Uma unezimpawu ezithile, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze athole ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu. Isibonelo, uma unezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi ungase ukhulelwe, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokukhulelwa. Lokhu kuhlola i-hormone ethile ekhiqizwa ngumzimba wakho kuphela uma ukhulelwe.
• Uma unesimo esibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo zakho: Kuye ngesimo sakho, amaseli akho egazi nama-platelet angase akwazi ukubona izinguquko zofuzo. Ngale ndlela, ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izakhi zofuzo eziguquliwe kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlele ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
• Uma welashelwa isifo: Udokotela wakho angase ahlole igazi njalo ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi kusebenza kahle yini.
• Uma usengozini yokuthola isifo ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa: Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho uzothatha isampula yegazi ukuze ahlolwe izakhi zofuzo ukuze asize ekunqumeni ukuthi usengozini yokuthola isifo esithile.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisani ngempela?

Kalula nje, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa izinguquko emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa akusona isithombe esiphelele, kumane kuyisithombe nje. Ngemva kokubona leso sithombe, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwengeziwe ukuze abheke ngokujulile. Nazi ezinye zezinto udokotela wakho angazibona ekuhlolweni kwegazi:

• Indlela igazi lakho elisebenza kahle ngayo: Isibonelo, amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi yiwo athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabonisa ukuthi unenani eliphansi lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, okusho ukuthi une-anemia. Uma udokotela wakho ebheka amangqamuzana akho ngaphansi kwe-microscope, angase abone ukuthi amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi makhulu kunokuvamile noma anesimo esihlukile kunamaseli abomvu egazi avamile. Lezi zinguquko zingaba izimpawu zezinkinga ezithile zegazi noma umdlavuza wegazi.
• Hlola amazinga akho ama-enzyme nama-electrolyte: Ama-enzyme amaprotheni asheshisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni, asiza ekwakheni nasekubhidlizeni izinto. Ama-electrolyte ayizinto ezisiza ekulawuleni ukusabela kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni futhi zigcine ibhalansi yoketshezi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli.

Yiziphi izivivinyo zegazi ezivame kakhulu?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ezinye izivivinyo - isibonelo, ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC), iphaneli ye-metabolic eyisisekelo (i-BMP), iphaneli ye-metabolic ephelele (i-CMP), kanye namaphaneli e-electrolyte - hlola izingxenye eziningana ezahlukene zegazi lakho ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kunezinye izivivinyo zegazi ezibheka kuphela izinto ezithile kakhulu egazini lakho.

Yini ebhekwa ukuhlolwa kwe-Complete Blood Count (CBC)?

Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvame ukwenziwa futhi kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okuningana okukhethekile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC:

• Amaseli akho abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet ayabalwa futhi alinganiswe . Ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit, okulinganisa iphesenti lamaseli abomvu egazi egazini lakho.
• Izinga lakho le-hemoglobin liyalinganiswa .
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-RDW kulinganisa izinguquko ngobukhulu kanye nomthamo wamaseli akho abomvu egazi (i-RDW imele “ububanzi bokusatshalaliswa kwamaseli abomvu egazi”).
• Usayizi ojwayelekile wamaseli akho abomvu egazi ulinganiswa ngokuhlolwa kwe-Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV).

Ibonisani i-Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)?

I-BMP ilinganisa izinto eziningana egazini lakho. Odokotela basebenzisa ama-BMP ukubheka impilo yakho iyonke nokuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo kusenesikhathi, noma ukuqapha inkinga ekhona. I-BMP ingafaka izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose egazini: Hlola isifo sikashukela.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-calcium: Kuhlola ukuthi une-calcium eyanele yini, okusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi wenze izinto eziningi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): I-Urea iwumkhiqizo ongcolile ohlungwa yizinso zakho. Lokhu kulinganisa inani le-urea nitrogen ezinso zakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Creatine Kinase (CK): Lokhu kuhlola umkhiqizo ongcolile okhiqizwa yimisipha yakho. Uma izinga lakho le-CK liphezulu, kungaba uphawu lokuthi imisipha yakho yonakele.
• Izinga le-sodium.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-CO2: Kukala inani le-bicarbonate egazini lakho. Lokhu kuhlonza i-carbon dioxide.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-potassium egazini: Kukala amazinga e-potassium. I-potassium isiza inhliziyo yakho, izinzwa, ukusebenza kwemisipha, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-metabolism.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-chloride: I-chloride iyi-electrolyte esiza ukugcina ibhalansi yoketshezi kanye ne-asidi emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-Globulin: Kukala ukuthi isibindi sakho sikhiqiza malini kule phrotheni.

Yini efunwa yi-Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)?

I-CMP ihlanganisa zonke izivivinyo zegazi ku-BMP. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezivivinyo zegazi ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-Albumin: I-Albumin iyiprotheni esegazini lakho. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso nesibindi.
• I-Alanine Transaminase (ALT): Odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuhlola impilo yesibindi.
• I-Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): Uma izinga lale enzyme liphezulu, kungaba uphawu lwesifo sesibindi noma ezinye izifo zamathambo.
• Amazinga e-ammonia: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa inani le-ammonia egazini lakho. Amazinga aphezulu e-ammonia angaba uphawu lokulimala kwesibindi nezinso.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-Bilirubin: I-Bilirubin iyinto etholakala enyongweni evela esibindini sakho. Uma kunenyongo eningi egazini, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga yesibindi.
• I-Aspartate Transferase (AST): Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-AST, lokhu kulinganisa inani le-enzyme i-aspartate transferase egazini lakho. Odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuhlola impilo yesibindi.

Iphaneli ye-electrolyte ibonisani?

Ama-electrolyte amaminerali egazini lakho. Uma kukhona ukungalingani kulezi zinto, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga ngenhliziyo yakho, izinso, noma amaphaphu. Iphaneli ye-electrolyte ihlanganisa zonke izivivinyo ze-electrolyte ku-BMP kanye ne-CMP. Iphinde ihlole izinto ezifana ne-magnesium kanye ne-anion gap. I-magnesium isiza ubuchopho bakho, inhliziyo, kanye nemisipha. Ukuhlolwa kwe-anion gap kuhlola ibhalansi ye-acid-base egazini lakho.

Yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okusiza ekuxilongeni izimo ezithile zezokwelapha?

Nakuba izivivinyo ezahlukene zephaneli okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili zinikeza ulwazi oluningi, kukhona nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondene ngqo nezifo ezithile okusiza odokotela ukuxilonga nokwelapha izimo ezithile.

• Ukungezwani komzimba: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kokungezwani komzimba kuhlola amazinga aphezulu ama-antibodies e-immunoglobulin E (IgE) egazini lakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola ukungezwani komzimba ekudleni, ezifuywayo, empoveni, noma kwezinye izinto.
• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo: Lezi zifo zenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela umzimba wakho ngephutha esikhundleni sokukuvikela kubahlaseli abanjengamagciwane, izimuncagazi, kanye namaseli omdlavuza. Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufana nalokhu:
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antinuclear Antibody (ANA): I-ANA iyi-antibody ehlasela ngephutha amasosha omzimba wakho. Amazinga aphezulu e-ANA egazini angaba uphawu lwezifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-CE: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga nokuqapha izifo ezizimele njenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-lupus.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-C-reactive protein (CRP): Le protein yenziwa futhi ikhishwe yisibindi sakho. Amazinga aphezulu e-CRP angaba uphawu lwezimo zokuvuvukala, okuhlanganisa nezinye izifo zokuzivikela komzimba.
• Izinga Lokuthuthwa Kwegazi Eliphuma Egazini (ESR): Ukuhlolwa kwe-ESR kusiza ukuthola ukuvuvukala.
• Ukuskena Kwegazi Okuseduze (i-PBS): Lena inqubo esetshenziswa odokotela ukuhlola amangqamuzana akho egazi abomvu namhlophe kanye nama-platelet ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Izifo zegazi ezingezona ezomdlavuza/ezingenawo umdlavuza:
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi komdlavuza: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi komdlavuza kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine eziyisisekelo - inani eliphelele legazi (i-CBC), izimpawu zesimila, ukuhlolwa kwamaprotheni egazi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwesimila esijikelezayo. I-CBC, izimpawu zesimila, kanye nokuhlolwa kwesimila esijikelezayo kungasiza ekutholeni ezinye izimila eziqinile. Igazi elisendle noma emchameni wakho lingaba uphawu lomdlavuza.
• I-CBC ilinganisa amazinga amangqamuzana egazi abomvu namhlophe kanye nama-platelet. Uma lokhu kuphakeme noma kuphansi ngendlela engavamile, kungaba uphawu lwezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.
• Izimpawu zesifo sezimila ziyizinto ezenziwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma amangqamuzana avamile emzimbeni wakho ngenxa yomdlavuza. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lezimpawu zesifo sezimila kuhlanganisa:
• I-Alpha-fetoprotein (`(Alpha-fetoprotein - AFP)`) yomdlavuza wesibindi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-CA-125 komdlavuza wesibeletho.
• I-Calcitonin (`(Calcitonin)`) yomdlavuza we-thyroid (`(Umdlavuza we-thyroid)`).
• Ama-Antigens omdlavuza 15-3 kanye no-27-29 omdlavuza webele.
• I-Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) yomdlavuza ohlukahlukene.
• I-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) yomdlavuza wamasende kanye nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• I-Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) yomdlavuza we-prostate.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesimila esijikelezayo kuyindlela entsha yokuhlola umdlavuza. Kubheka amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphuke esimila futhi ajikeleza egazini. Okwamanje kusiza ekutholeni izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, njengomdlavuza webele, we-prostate, kanye nowe-colorectal. Ososayensi basathuthukisa lobu buchwepheshe.
• Ngomdlavuza wegazi noma izifo zegazi ezingezona ezomdlavuza: Odokotela bangasebenzisa izivivinyo ezifanayo ukuthola lezi zifo:
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-D-dimer: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fibrinogen: I-Fibrinogen iyiprotheni esiza ukujiya kwegazi.
• I-Kappa noma i-Lambda free light chain: Lokhu kuthola amazinga aphezulu eprotheyini egazini. Kungasetshenziswa ukuxilonga izifo zegazi ezingezona ezomdlavuza njenge-amyloidosis noma umdlavuza wegazi njenge-multiple myeloma.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwesikhathi Se-Prothrombin (PTT): Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuxilonga izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi.
• Inani lama-reticulocyte: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi umnkantsha wakho ukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele yini.
• Ezinye izivivinyo ezingadingi isampula yegazi:
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Lomlingo Wendle (FOBT): I-FOBT ihlola umdlavuza wamathumbu ngokubheka igazi esitulweni.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Odokotela bangakusebenzisa lokhu ukuhlola amaseli egazi emchameni.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu ye-endocrine: Uhlelo lwakho lwe-endocrine lwakhiwe yizindlala. Izindlala zikhiqiza ama-hormone. Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola izifo ezithinta izingxenye zesistimu ye-endocrine. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvame kakhulu yile:
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose egazini: Lokhu kulinganisa izinga lakho le-glucose egazini. Kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela. Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwesifo sikashukela yi-A1C, elinganisa amazinga e-glucose egazini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale isifo se-thyroid.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-Pancreas: I-pancreas yakho ikhiqiza ama-enzyme. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola amazinga akho e-lipase ne-amylase.
• Isifo senhliziyo: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okunye kungahlola ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo:
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lenhliziyo: Udokotela wakho uzoyala lokhu kuhlolwa uma usengozini yokuba nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Arterial Blood Gas (ABG): Lokhu kulinganisa izinto ezifana namazinga omoya-mpilo kanye namazinga e-carbon dioxide. Kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu kanye nokuma kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile:
• Izinga le-ammonia: Libonisa inani le-ammonia egazini. Amazinga aphezulu angabangela ukulimala kwesibindi/izinso.
• Okuqukethwe Utshwala Egazini (BAC): Kukala inani lotshwala emzimbeni.
• I-Ferritin (`(Ferritin)`): Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-CBC kubonisa ukuthi awunayo i-iron eyanele, ukuhlolwa kwe-ferritin kungenziwa.

Kufanele ngihlolwe nini igazi?

Kuncike esimweni sakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke, okungafaka phakathi i-CBC. Ngokuvamile, odokotela batusa ukuhlolwa ngokusekelwe kulokho abakwaziyo ngawe. Isibonelo, uma ukhuluphele kakhulu (inkomba yesisindo somzimba - i-BMI) ngaphezu kuka-25) noma ukhuluphele kakhulu (i-BMI engaphezu kuka-30), bangase batuse ukuhlolwa kweglucose njalo egazini.

Ulungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi?

Lokhu kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa olwenzayo. Isibonelo, okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kudinga ukuthi uzile ukudla amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ungaphuzi lutho ngaphandle kwezinkomishi ezimbalwa zamanzi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningi akudingi ukuthi uzile ukudla, kodwa kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini okungafanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ezinye izinto ongazenza zifaka:

• Uma ungafuni ukuzila ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi, kodwa ungakwazi, phuza amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuhlolwa . Kulula ukudonsa igazi uma umanzi ngokwanele.
• Faka i-moisturizer ezandleni zakho ukuze wenze isikhumba sibe bushelelezi . Lokhu kungenza kube lula ukufaka inalithi bese ukhipha igazi.
• Ngesikhathi usalinde ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho , yenza ukuzivocavoca ukuze ukhuphule umfutho wegazi lakho kancane .

Kwenzekani uma uthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ngabasebenzi bezempilo (odokotela be-phlebotomist) abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukudonsa igazi. Nakhu okwenzekayo lapho kudonswa igazi:

• Uzohlaliswa esihlalweni, esinendawo yokubeka izingalo ukuze ukwazi ukugcina izingalo zakho zeluliwe.
• Uma ugqoke ihembe elinemikhono emide, kuzodingeka ugobe ingalo yakho ngaphezu kwengqiniba.
• Umuntu othatha igazi uzofaka isisombululo se-antiseptic endaweni egobile yengalo yakho (ohlangothini olubhekene nendololwane) bese ebopha ibhande le-elastic elizungeze ingalo yakho (ngaphezu kwendololwane).
• Ungabacela ukuthi bahlikihle izandla zakho ukuze bathuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi.
• Uzofaka inaliti engalweni yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Uzozwa inaliti ingena esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukubhoboza imithambo yegazi.
• Igazi ligeleza liye epayipini, elivalwa bese lithunyelwa elebhu ukuze lihlolwe. Kuye ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuyalelwe udokotela wakho, umuntu okhipha igazi lakho kungadingeka athathe amasampula amaningana egazi lakho.
• Ngemva kokuthatha igazi elanele, uzosusa ibhande le-elastic eliboshwe engalweni yakho kanye nenaliti.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ibhandishi phezu kwendawo lapho inaliti ifakwe khona.

Ingabe kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngakunye kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi. Indlela evame kakhulu ukubhoboza igazi. Ezinye izindlela zifaka:

• Induku yomunwe: Udokotela uhlaba umunwe wakho ngenaliti bese ethatha igazi elincane. Isampula yegazi ifakwa ephepheni elikhethekile bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe.
• Ukuhlatshwa kwesithende: Wonke umntwana ozelwe e-United States uhlolwa igazi ngokuhlaba isithende ngenaliti bese ethatha isampula yegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegesi yegazi lemithambo: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, odokotela bathatha igazi emthanjeni wakho, hhayi emthanjeni.

Lingakanani igazi elithathwayo ekuhlolweni kwegazi?

Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) kuthatha cishe amamililitha angu-30 (30 mL) egazi. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuningi uma unezimbobo ezimbalwa zegazi, akunjalo ngempela. Umuntu omdala unegazi eliphakathi kuka-4,500 no-5,700 mL emzimbeni wakhe. Ngakho inani elincane ngeke lilimaze.

Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyalimaza?

Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba buhlungu, kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa kwegazi olwenzile. Into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ama-blood drawer aqeqeshwe ukuthatha amasampula egazi ngokushesha nangokungenabuhlungu.

Nokho, ukuhlolwa okudonsa igazi emthanjeni kungaba buhlungu kakhulu kunokuhlolwa okudonsa igazi emthanjeni. Ngisho nalapho kukhishwa igazi emthanjeni, kungaba buhlungu kancane uma umuntu odonsa igazi enobunzima bokufaka inalithi emthanjeni. Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile, tshela umuntu odonsa igazi . Bazozama ezinye izindlela zokuthatha isampula yegazi lakho.

Ngihlala ngesaba ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Yini engingayenza ukuze ngizizwe ngikhululekile kakhudlwana?

Abantu abaningi bazizwa besaba futhi bekhathazekile ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokho kujwayelekile. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingasiza ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi:

• Qonda ukuthi kungani wenza lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile. Ukwazi isizathu kuzokwenza ungesabi kakhulu.
• Phefumula kakhulu uma ufaka inaliti esandleni sakho, bese ukhipha umoya.
• Ungabheki inaliti esandleni sakho, bheka ngenye indlela.
• Zama ukugxila engqondweni yakho kwenye into , isibonelo, ubale ufike ku-10 engqondweni yakho.

Khumbula, awuwedwa obhekene nalokhu kwesaba. Tshela udokotela wakho noma umuntu othatha igazi lakho ngokwesaba kwakho. Bazokusiza.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi?

Udokotela wakho uzofaka ibhandishi endaweni yokufaka inaliti. Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa kwegazi, ungase ucelwe ukuba uphumule cishe umzuzu ngaphambi kokuvuka nokuhamba.

Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Kuncike nasekuhlolweni kwegazi kanye nokukhetha kukadokotela wakho. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi imiphumela izokwamukelwa kanjani. Ezinye izivivinyo zegazi zikunikeza imiphumela zingakapheli amahora ambalwa. Ezinye, njengokuhlolwa kofuzo, zivame ukuthatha isikhathi eside. Abanye abahlinzeki bezempilo banikeza ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase akhethe ukuxoxa nawe ngemiphumela yakho ngocingo noma mathupha.

Uma udokotela ethi ufuna ukukhuluma ngemiphumela, ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle?

Lutho neze.Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwenziwe njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile, udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukuxoxa nawe ngemiphumela. Bangase futhi banikeze izincomo zokukusiza ukuthuthukisa impilo yakho. Uma welashwa ngesimo sezokwelapha, udokotela wakho angase afune ukuxoxa ngemiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ngokuningiliziwe futhi achaze ukuthi isho ukuthini.

Ekugcineni, kufanele ngithi... (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi cishe kuyinto yokugcina ohlwini lwabantu abaningi lwezinto okufanele zenziwe ezijabulisayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyithuluzi elibalulekile odokotela abalisebenzisayo ukuqapha impilo yakho iyonke nokuxilonga izimo zezokwelapha. Ungadinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile noma ngoba unezimpawu.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isizathu sakho sokuhlolwa kwegazi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi nakuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza odokotela ukuthi bahlole izimo, akusikho ukuxilongwa okuqondile. Umphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi ongavamile awusho njalo ukuthi unesifo esibucayi. Uma udokotela wakho encoma ukuhlolwa kwegazi, uzokujabulela ukukuchazela ukuthi kungani kunconywa ukuhlolwa nokuthi kungabonisani. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukuhlolwa kwegazi uma udinga ukuhlolwa. Kuwusizo olukhulu empilweni yakho!

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