Ake sifunde ngalezi zinto ezimbili eziyigugu (Amahlaya) ezingaphakathi kwamehlo akho? (Amahlaya Amanzi kanye Namahlaya Angama-Vitreous)

Sawubona! Unjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngento ebaluleke kakhulu emehlweni ethu. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngayo, kodwa kunezinhlobo ezimbili zoketshezi ezikhethekile ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu. Lezi yizo ezisisiza ukuthi sigcine umbono wethu ulungile futhi amehlo ethu ephilile. Lezi zinhlayiya ezimbili zibizwa ngokuthi i-Aqueous Humor kanye ne-Vitreous Humor . Enye yezincazelo zegama elithi "Humor" "uketshezi emzimbeni." Ngakho womabili la magama abhekisela kulolu ketshezi olungaphakathi kweso.

Kungani lezi zinto ezimbili eziwuketshezi zibaluleke kangaka emehlweni ethu?

Kalula nje, amehlo ethu awakwazi ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kwalezi zinto ezimbili eziwuketshezi. Ake sithathe ngalinye sibone ukuthi lenzani.

Kwenzekani kumahlaya amanzi?

Cabanga ngakho, iso lakho lifana nebhola elincane, akunjalo? Uketshezi olusiza ukugcina leli bhola lisesimweni esihle futhi likhukhumele lubizwa ngokuthi i-aqueous humor. Luwuketshezi olucacile olufana namanzi . Lolu ketshezi lukhiqizwa njalo ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu, futhi uketshezi oludala luyasuswa. Kufana nokugcwalisa ithangi lamanzi endlini, bese kukhishwa amanzi angaphezulu kulo.

Lokhu kuhilela kakhulu ukulawula ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso (Ukucindezeleka Kwamehlo) . Lokhu kucindezela kugcinwa lapho inani loketshezi olungena esweni lilingana nenani loketshezi oluphuma kulo. Lolu ketshezi luphinde lunikeze iso izakhamzimba ezidingekayo. Okusho ukuthi, iso lithola izinto elizidingayo ukuze lihlale liphilile ngalolu ketshezi.

Kwenzekani nge-vitreous humor?

I-Vitreous Humor ingenye into ebalulekile ngaphakathi kweso. Kodwa-ke, ayiwona nje amanzi afana ne-aqueous humor, kodwa ijiyile kancane futhi ifana nejeli . Itholakala ngaphakathi kweso, igcwalisa isikhala esikhulu ngemuva kwelensi naphambi kwe-retina. Lesi sikhala sibizwa ngokuthi i-vitreous cavity.

Le vitreous humor nayo iyondla iso. Iphinde isize ekugcineni isimo semvelo seso . Njengoba nje ibhaluni ligcwala umoya uma uphefumula umoya kulo, le jeli isiza ukugcina isimo sengaphakathi leso. Ixhunywe ku-retina, ingxenye yeso ethumela lokho esikubonayo ebuchosheni. Iphinde isize ukukhanya ukuthi kungene esweni.

Uyazi, ngezinye izikhathi ososayensi bezobunhloli basebenzisa leli gama elihlekisayo ukuze babheke noma yiziphi izinto ezingekho ngokwemvelo emzimbeni womuntu oshonile.

Zikuphi ngempela lezi zinhlayiya ezimbili ngaphakathi kweso?

Ake sibone manje ukuthi i-aqueous humor kanye ne-vitreous humor zikuphi ngaphakathi kweso.

Indawo Yehlaya Lamanzi

Ngaphakathi kweso lakho kukhona ingxenye ebizwa ngokuthi ikamelo elingaphambili . Lokhu kuphakathi kwelensi ne-cornea (ingxenye ecacile engaphambili kweso). FuthiKukhona nengxenye ebizwa ngokuthi 'igumbi elingemuva'. Lokhu kutholakala phakathi kwelensi ne-iris (ingxenye enombala yeso).

I-aqueous humor ikhiqizwa umzimba we-ciliary ekamelweni elingemuva. Uketshezi lugeleza ngomfundi luye ngaphambili kweso. Ukusuka lapho, luphuma iso bese luhlangana negazi. Luphuma endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-scleral venous sinus.

Indawo ye-Vitreous Humor

I-Vitreous Humor itholakala engxenyeni yeso ebizwa ngokuthi i-Vitreous Body . Itholakala ku -Vitreous Cavity phakathi kweLens ne-Retina. Le Vitreous Humor imbozwe yi-membrane evikelayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Vitreous Membrane. Nakuba ijiyile kancane kunamanzi, icacile kakhulu ekukhanyeni. Ubuwazi ukuthi le vitreous humor yakha cishe u-80% womthamo ophelele weso lethu !

Zenziwe ngani lezi zinto ezimbili eziwuketshezi?

Zombili lezi ziphuzo ikakhulukazi zingamanzi . Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, zingamanzi angaba ngu-98% kuya ku-99%.

• Ngaphezu kwamanzi , i-vitreous humor iqukethe usawoti, ushukela, amaprotheni kanye ne-collagen. Iphinde ibe nama-phagocyte, uhlobo lweseli olusiza ukugcina iso lihlanzekile.
• I-Aqueous Humor iqukethe amanzi, ama-amino acid, ama-electrolyte afana ne-sodium ne-potassium, i-ascorbic acid, i-glutathione, kanye nama-immunoglobulins.

Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezivamile ezithinta la manzi?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo. Ngoba noma yisiphi isimo singelashwa futhi sibe nemiphumela emihle uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi . Kunezimo eziningana ezingahlotshaniswa ne-aqueous humor kanye ne-vitreous humor:

• I-Glaucoma: Lesi yisimo lapho umswakama ongaphakathi kweso uqongelela khona futhi ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso iyanda, kulimaze i-optic nerve. I-Glaucoma iyimbangela yesibili ehamba phambili yobumpumputhe emhlabeni .
• Ukuhlukaniswa Kwe-Vitreous Yangemuva: Njengoba ukhula, i-vitreous humor iyancipha futhi kancane kancane iqala ukuhlukana ne-retina. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungase ubone amachashazi amancane amnyama (ama-floater) noma ukukhanya okubonakala sengathi kukhanya phambi kwamehlo akho. Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kungaholela ekuqhekekeni noma ekuqhekekeni kwe-retina. Ngakho-ke, uma uqala ukubona ama-floater noma ukukhanya, kufanele nakanjani uhlolwe amehlo akho.
• I-Uveitis:Empeleni leli yiqembu lezifo. Lingabangela ukubomvu, ubuhlungu, kanye nokuvuvukala emehlweni. Lingathinta i-retina, i-uvea (equkethe umzimba we-ciliary okhiqiza i-aqueous humor), kanye ne-sclera (ingxenye emhlophe yeso).
• Ukuguga Okuhlobene Nokuguga Kokukhubazeka Kwe-Macular (AMD): Izinguquko ku-vitreous humor njengoba siguga nazo zingaba imbangela ye-AMD. I-AMD iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulahlekelwa umbono kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50. Ithinta i-macula, ingxenye ye-retina ebangela umbono wethu oyinhloko (ngamagama alula, lokho esikubonayo uma sibheka phambili).
• Imbobo Ye-Macular: Imbobo ku-macula ingenzeka ngenxa yengozi noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile ithinta iso elilodwa kuphela. Ukwelashwa okukodwa yi-vitrectomy, lapho i-vitreous humor isuswa khona bese kufakwa into efana negesi.

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungakhululeki ekuboneni kwakho, bonana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha . Ungalibali.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zezifo ezihlobene nalezi ziketshezi?

Uma uvakashela udokotela wamehlo, uzokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, umlando wezokwelapha womndeni, kanye nezimpawu zamanje. Lezi zimpawu zingafaka:

• Amachashazi amancane amnyama, izinto ezifana newebhu (ama-floaters) kanye nokukhanya (ama-flashes) okuhamba phambi kwamehlo.
• Ukwehla kokubona, ukubona okufiphele , ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kanye nezinkinga zokubona eceleni.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo .
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile okuhlola impilo ye-aqueous humor kanye ne-vitreous humor

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzohlola amehlo akho ngokucophelela. Angase enze ezinye noma zonke lezi zivivinyo:

• Amabhodi ezinhlamvu kanye nokuhlolwa kombala: Cishe uke wayibona ibhodi enezinhlamvu. Izinhlamvu ziya ziba zincane kakhulu umugqa nomugqa. Ungenza futhi ukuhlolwa ngamachashazi anemibala ukuze ubone ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemibala.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Yokubona: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi amehlo akho ahamba kahle kangakanani nokuthi ungabona kude kangakanani ohlangothini ngalunye. Udokotela uhambisa umunwe wakhe phambi kobuso bakho, awusondeze eduze kakhulu. Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukuhambisa amehlo akho. Ungasebenzisa nekhompyutha kulokhu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvulekile: Udokotela uzokufaka umuthi emehlweni akho. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi imbobo ibe nkulu. Lokhu kuzomvumela ukuthi abone konke okungaphakathi kweso lakho kangcono. Uzobheka ngaphakathi kweso lakho ngethuluzi eliphathwa ngesandla elibizwa ngokuthi i-ophthalmoscope (fundoscopy).

Futhi, amehlo angavulwa ukuze kuthathwe izithombe ze-retina kanye ne-optic nerve, njenge- fundus photography noma i-optical coherence tomography (OCT) .

• I-Tonography: Lokhu kuhlola ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso. Idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-tonometer isetshenziselwa ukufutha umoya esweni. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma idivayisi ithinta iso, amaconsi eso angasetshenziswa ukuthulisa iso. Kukhona nendlela lapho idivayisi ingathinti iso.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zezifo ezihlobene nalezi ziketshezi?

Lokhu okulandelayo kungenziwa njengokwelashwa kwezimo ezihlobene ne-aqueous humor noma i-vitreous humor:

• Imithi: Lokhu kungaba amaconsi amehlo (ukunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso) noma imithi enikezwa iso ukuvimba ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emisha.
• Ukwelashwa Nge-Laser: Lokhu kungenziwa ukuze kuncishiswe imithambo yegazi noma kulungiswe i-retina.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma kukhona ukudabuka noma ukuhlukana kwe-retinal, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa. I-Vitrectomy ingenye yokuhlinzwa okunjalo.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine lezi zinto ezitholakala emehlweni ziphilile?

Kunezinto ongazenza ukuze ulondoloze futhi uthuthukise impilo yamehlo akho. Uma wenza lezi zinto, impilo ye-aqueous humor yakho kanye ne-vitreous humor yakho nayo izoba yinhle. Nazi lezo zeluleko:

• Yidla ukudla okuhle nokunomsoco. Faka imifino eluhlaza, izithelo, nezinhlanzi ezifana ne-salmon, i-tuna, ne-halibut ekudleni kwakho.
• Uma ubhema, yeka. Akukuhle emehlweni akho nhlobo.
• Ukuzivocavoca. Kuhle emzimbeni wakho wonke jikelele. Kukusiza futhi ukuthi ugcine isisindo esinempilo. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola ezinye izifo ezingathinta umbono wakho, njengesifo sikashukela.
• Hlola amehlo njalo. Uma unezinkinga zokubona, hlala utshela udokotela wakho.
• Vikela amehlo akho. Gqoka izibuko zakho zamehlo (uma kudingeka), izibuko zelanga, kanye nezibuko zokuphepha uma wenza umsebenzi ongalimaza amehlo akho.
• Uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ubuka ikhompyutha, i-TV, noma ifoni, landela umthetho we-20/20/20. Lokho kusho ukuthi, njalo ngemizuzu engama-20, bheka into eqhele ngamamitha angama-20 cishe imizuzwana engama-20.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukubona kuyinto eyigugu kakhulu kithi sonke, akunjalo? Kunezinto ongazenza ukuze ugcine amehlo akho ephilile. Uma wenza lezi zinto, uketshezi olubili olungaphakathi kwamehlo akho, olubizwa ngokuthi i-aqueous humor kanye ne-vitreous humor, luzohlala luphilile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo nokubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungakhululeki ekuboneni kwakho. Khumbula, njenganoma iyiphi inkinga yezempilo, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, nakekela amehlo akho. Yilokho okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza!

Amehlo , Amahlaya Amanzi, Amahlaya E-Vitreous, Impilo Yamehlo, I-Glaucoma, Umbono, Izifo Zamehlo