Ingabe uzwa ukulunywa, ukuqubuka, namehlo abomvu, anamanzi uma uthinta uthuli, uphuma emakhazeni, noma udla okuthile? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uba nobunzima bokuphefumula? Sivame ukukubiza ngokuthi 'ukungezwani komzimba'. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngomunye wabalingiswa abaphambili ngemuva kwalokhu kungezwani komzimba. Uyi -histamine. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa leli gama kudokotela noma egameni lomuthi owuthathayo we-allergies yakho. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini i-histamine nokuthi yenzani emzimbeni.
Kalula nje, ubani lo histamine?
Cabanga ngemizimba yethu njengezwe elivikelwe kahle. Ngisho noma umhlaseli wangaphandle engena kuleli zwe, ngisho nento engenangozi emizimbeni yethu (isibonelo, uthuli, i-stamen yezimbali, noma ukudla okufana ne-shrimp), uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela (amasosha omzimba) ngezinye izikhathi luyiphutha njengesitha.
Ngaleso sikhathi, amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba wethu akhipha ikhemikhali ukuze axhumane namanye amangqamuzana, ukuze ashintshane ngemiyalezo. Kufana nokuthumela umlayezo oyisixwayiso, "Nansi isitha, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha!" Leso sithunywa sibizwa ngokuthi i-histamine.
Leli khemikhali elibizwa ngokuthi i-histamine ligcinwa emizimbeni yethu ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zamaseli.
1. Amaseli e-mast: Lawa uhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi atholakala ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo kuyo yonke imizimba yethu. Atholakala kakhulu ngaphansi kwesikhumba, eduze kwemithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo ye-lymph, ezinzwa, emaphashini nasemathunjini.
2. Ama-Basophil: Lolu olunye uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elitholakala egazini.
Uma into eyingozi ithinta umzimba, la maseli akhipha i-histamine, okubangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ngokuvamile, lezi zimpawu zikhawulelwe endaweni eyodwa yomzimba, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kusabela kungaba kubi kakhulu . Sikubiza ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esithinta umzimba wonke futhi esingasongela ngisho nokuphila.
Yini eyenziwa yi-histamine emzimbeni? Kuyini lokhu ngama-receptor?
I-Histamine akuyona nje umuntu omubi obangela ukungezwani komzimba. Yenza imisebenzi eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni. Lokho okwenziwa yi-histamine emzimbeni kuncike ku-receptor ebopha kuyo. Njengoba nje ukhiye ofanayo ungavula iminyango eminingana, igumbi ongena kulo lizohluka kuye ngokuthi uvule luphi umnyango. Ososayensi bathole izinhlobo ezine zama-histamine receptors.
Ake sibheke lokhu ukuze sikuqonde kahle.
| Uhlobo Lokwamukela | Izindawo eziyinhloko | Kwenzekani uma ivuliwe? |
|---|---|---|
| Umamukeli we-H1 | Kuwo wonke umzimba, ikakhulukazi kumaseli ezinzwa, umgudu wokuphefumula, kanye namaseli emisipha ebushelelezi emithanjeni yegazi. |
|
| Umamukeli we-H2 | Ikakhulukazi emaselini akhiqiza i-asidi esiswini, emaseli emisipha ebushelelezi, kanye nakumaseli enhliziyo. | |
| Umamukeli we-H3 | Kumaseli ezinzwa zesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko (ubuchopho). | |
| Umamukeli we-H4 | Emangqamuzaneni amathambo kanye namangqamuzana angavuthiwe aba amaseli egazi. |
Uyaqonda? Lokho kusho ukuthi yize sicabanga ukuthi kuyi-allergy, i-histamine ihileleke ngasese ezintweni eziningi emzimbeni wethu, njengokulala, inkumbulo, ukufunda, kanye nokulawula izinga lokushisa komzimba.
Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha eziyinhloko ezingahlotshaniswa ne-histamine?
Izimo zokungezwani komzimba zibangelwa kakhulu yisenzo se-messenger histamine. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- I-Atopic dermatitis (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-eczema): Isimo esibangela isikhumba ukuba some, sibe bomvu, sibe namaxolo, futhi silume kakhulu, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'i-eczema'.
- I-contact dermatitis: Ukungezwani komzimba okwenzeka lapho okuthile kuthinta isikhumba. Isibonelo, amakha okwenziwa, izinsimbi ezithile (njenge-nickel), kanye nezilondolozi.
- I-allergic rhinitis (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hay fever): Lesi yisimo esivamile abantu abaningi ababhekana naso. Sibangelwa izinto ezifana nothuli, impova, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nezibungu zothuli, okubangela ikhala eligobhozayo, ikhala eligobhozayo, kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala.
- Isifuba somoya esibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba: Izimbangela ezifanayo nezingenhla, kodwa lapha izindlela zomoya ziyancipha, okubangela ubunzima bokuphefumula nokukhwehlela.
- I-allergy conjunctivitis: Isimo lapho i-conjunctiva yamehlo ivuvukala, ibomvu, ilume, futhi ibe namanzi ngenxa ye-allergen.
Kuyini Ukungabekezelelani Kwe-Histamine?
Lokhu kuhlukile kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi amazinga e-histamine emzimbeni wethu aba phezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba awukwazi ukuphula i-histamine kahle. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungavela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene.
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda noma i-migraines
- Ukuminyana kwekhala
- Ukhathele njalo
- Ama-Hives
- Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla
- Imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile kwabesifazane
Uma unalezi zimpawu njalo, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela bese ukhuluma ngakho.
Ngakho-ke uyilawula kanjani le histamine?
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezinconywa odokotela ukulawula ukungakhululeki okubangelwa yi-histamine. Lezi yizo ezifika engqondweni uma uzwa igama elithi umuthi wokungezwani komzimba.
- Ama-antihistamine e-H1: Lawa yimithi esivame ukuyazi ngokuthi 'amaphilisi okungezwani komzimba'. Asebenza ngokuvimbela ama-receptor e-H1 okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla. Lokhu kuvimbela i-histamine ekubopheni kulawo ma-receptor futhi kubangele ukulunywa kanye nama-hives. Lawa eza ngezindlela ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, ama-syrup, ama-cream, namaconsi amehlo. Amanye awo angathathwa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, kodwa kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yimuphi umuthi okulungele wena.
- Ama-antihistamine e-H2: Lawa asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinkingeni zesisu. Anikezwa izimo ezifana ne-gastritis, isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), kanye nokungagayeki kahle kokudla (i-dyspepsia). Asebenza ngokuvimbela ama-receptor e-H2 esiswini akhiqiza i-asidi.
- Ama-Corticosteroids: Siwabiza ngokuthi 'ama-steroid'. Asiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yi-histamine. Isibonelo, ama-inhaler amaningi asetshenziswa ukulawula i-asthma aqukethe le mithi yama-steroid.
- Imijovo ye-Epinephrine: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Lo mjovo unikezwa njengokwelashwa okuphuthumayo ezimweni ezisongela ukuphila, njengokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba, noma i-anaphylaxis. Uvula ngokushesha imigudu yomoya futhi ubuyisele umfutho wegazi.
- Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi amavithamini athile, njengevithamini C, ithusi, kanye nevithamini B6, angasiza ekunciphiseni amazinga e-histamine emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ungathathi noma yiziphi zalezi zithako ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma une-allergies yesizini noma ubhekene nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nokuthile, ikakhulukazi uma ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela. Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ukuze anqume ukuthi yini ngempela onayo i-allergy futhi ancome ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Futhi, khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zokungabekezelelani kwe-histamine okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla.
Nakuba i-histamine ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemizimba yethu, ngezinye izikhathi uma isebenza kakhulu, ingasibangela izinkinga eziningi. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokuhlushwa ukungakhululeki okunjalo. Lezi zimo zingalawulwa kangcono ngokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Histamine iyisithunywa semvelo samakhemikhali esikhishwa amasosha omzimba wethu.
- I-Histamine iyimbangela eyinhloko yezimpawu eziningi zokungezwani komzimba, njengokulunywa, ukuthimula, kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala.
- I-Histamine ibopha kuma-receptor abizwa ngokuthi i-H1, i-H2, i-H3, kanye ne-H4 atholakala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba futhi enza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene.
- Imithi efana nama-antihistamine ingavimba ukusebenza kwe-histamine futhi ilawule izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba zinkulu noma ziphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko nokwelashwa okufanele.
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