Ingabe nawe usola ukuthi kukhona ukungezwani nokudla? Ake sithole ngalokhu (Ukuhlolwa Kwenselele Yokudla)!

Abantu abaningi babhekana nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula uma bedla ukudla okuthile, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukubona ukuthi empeleni kuyi-allergy noma okunye. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, kukhona ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okungakusiza wazi kahle nangokuqinisekile ukuthi empeleni une-allergy ekudleni okuthile noma cha. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "Ukuhlolwa Kwenselele Yokudla", noma ukuhlolwa kwenselele yokudla.

Iyini le "Food Challenge Test"?

Kalula nje, lena yindlela ethembekile kakhulu yokuthola ukuthi umuntu une-allergy yini ekudleni okuthile . Cabanga ukuthi uzizwa into engavamile uma udla amakinati. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganquma ukuthi empeleni une-allergy yini kumakinati, noma ukuthi kumane nje kuyiphupho lakho. Futhi, abanye abantu bakhula bedlula ukungezwani komzimba ababenakho besebancane besebakhulile. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganquma nokuthi ukungezwani komzimba sekuphelile noma kufanele uqhubeke nokugwema lokho kudla .

Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka kancane kancane ukudla osola ukuthi une-allergy kukho ngemithamo eyandisiwe, ngaphansi kokuqondisa okugcwele kukadokotela wakho noma udokotela we-allergy.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungalokothi uzame ukuzihlola ekhaya, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba.

Nansi indlela lokhu kuhlolwa okusebenza ngayo ngokuvamile:

• Okokuqala, udokotela uzokunika umthamo omncane kakhulu wokudla osola ukuthi une-allergy kukho. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu uzokunikezwa ngesimo se-capsule.
• Udokotela uzobe esekuqapha ngokucophelela ukuze athole noma yiziphi izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
• Uma kungekho ukusabela ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-15, nikeza elinye idosi elincane lokudla okusolwayo.
• Ngale ndlela, lezi zinyathelo ziyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho kuvela ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba noma kunikezwe wonke umthamo onqunyiwe (ngokuvamile ohlukaniswe ngemithamo emine noma eyisithupha).
• Uma kuvela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, ukuhlolwa kuzomiswa ngokushesha futhi udokotela uzoqinisekisa ukuthi une-allergy kulokho kudla.
• Uma kungekho ukusabela ngisho nangemva kokunikeza umthamo ophelele, kusho ukuthi awunayo i-allergy kulokho kudla.
• Esikhathini esiningi, ukudla okukodwa kuphela okuhlolwa ngale ndlela ngesikhathi .

Lokhu kubhekwa "njengendinganiso yegolide" yokuxilonga ukungezwani nokudla.

Kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa? Kudingeka nini?

Ngokuvamile, isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola ukungezwani nokudla ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uthole ukungezwani nokudla. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlolwa kungase kungabi yinto eqinisekile.Yilapho-ke kungena khona lokhu `(Ukuhlolwa Kwenselele Yokudla)`. Kodwa khumbula, ezinye izivivinyo (ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba negazi) nazo zithembekile futhi ziwusizo kakhulu kodokotela.

Abantu abaningi benza lokhu kuhlola ukuze babone ukuthi banayo yini i-"IgE-mediated food allergy". I-"IgE-mediated" iwukusabela kwe-allergy okubangelwa ama-antibodies e-"IgE" emizimbeni yethu. Kulokhu kungezwani komzimba, ukusabela kuvame ukwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokudla ukudla.

Uyenza kanjani ngempela le `(Ukuhlolwa Kwenselele Yokudla)`?

Odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Zonke izindlela zihilela ukwandisa kancane kancane imithamo yokudla okusolwayo ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Ngezinye izikhathi ukudla okusolwayo kunikezwa njengoba kunjalo. Isibonelo, uma uhlola ukungezwani komzimba namakinati, ungase unikeze ama-peanut ambalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukudla kuxutshwa nokunye, njengebhotela lamakinati elifakwe ku-cookie. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze kube nzima ukubona ukudla, kufakwa ku-capsule bese kugwinywa njengephilisi.

Lezi zindlela zokulungiselela ukudla zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa amathuba okuthi umuntu aqaphele ukudla ngokubona noma ngokuhogela , okungase kuthinte umphumela.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi ulethe ukudla kwakho ekuhlolweni. Ungase futhi ucelwe ukuthi ulungiselele iresiphi ekhethekile equkethe ukudla okusolwayo. Ngemva kokudla ukudla, noma ngemva kokugwinya i-capsule, uzoqashwa ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale noma yikuphi ukusabela.

Ubani ongakwazi ukuhlanganyela kulolu vivinyo?

Abantu abake baba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba esikhathini esidlule abavunyelwe ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, basengakwenza lokhu kuhlolwa ukuze babone ukuthi umuntu akasenaso yini isifo sokungezwani komzimba. Khumbula, abantu abaningi bahlola ukudla okukodwa ngesikhathi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-`(Oral Food Challenge)` ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokuhlolwa "kwe-Oral Food Challenge". Zonke lezi zivivinyo zenziwa esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sezokwelapha.

1. Isivivinyo `(Esingaboni kabili, esilawulwa yi-placebo)`

Ngale ndlela, wena noma udokotela wakho awazi ukuthi iyiphi i-capsule noma ukudla okuqukethe i-allergen okusolwayo, nokuthi iyiphi equkethe i-"Placebo" (into engenangozi engenayo i-allergen). Le allergen kanye ne-"Placebo" kunikezwa njalo emahoreni ambalwa, noma njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Inzuzo yalokhu ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa cishe ayinakuthonywa ukwesaba komuntu noma imibono kadokotela kusengaphambili. Kalula nje, wonke amathonya angaphandle ayasuswa . Nakuba lena kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza "Ukuhlolwa Kwenselele Yokudla", ayisetshenziswa kakhulu emtholampilo futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ngezinjongo zocwaningo.

2. Ukuhlolwa `(Okungenaso isiqiniseko esisodwa)`

Kulolu vivinyo, udokotela wakho kuphela owaziyo.Yikuphi ukudla noma i-capsule equkethe i-allergen, nokuthi iyiphi equkethe i-"Placebo". Lokhu kunikezwa njalo emahoreni ambalwa noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

3. Ukuhlolwa `(Ukudla okuvulekile)`

Kulokhu, wena nodokotela wakho niyazi ukuthi yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba okunikezwayo. Udokotela uvame ukuhlukanisa inani lokudla libe yizingxenye bese ekunika lona ngemithamo eyanda kancane kancane esikhathini esingangehora. Uzoqashwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba yini. Lena yindlela evame kakhulu.

Ingabe udinga ukulungiselela lolu vivinyo kusenesikhathi?

Yebo, impela. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza isethi yemiyalelo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa imiphumela ethembekile. Le miyalelo ingafaka izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Gwema ukudla ukudla owaziyo ukuthi une-allergy kukho cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Yeka ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi kadokotela noma ama-antihistamine atholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (imithi yokungezwani komzimba) ngaphambi kokuhlolwa .
• Gwema ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo. Ungakuhlehlisi ukuthatha i-inhaler ngenxa ye-asthma noma ukuthatha i-epinephrine esimweni esiphuthumayo ngoba nje une-test. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yimiphi imithi okufanele uyithathe, nini, futhi kanjani .

Futhi, uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ekuseni kokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlehlise ukuhlolwa.

Yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane noma ukhathazekile ngalesi sivivinyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, siyisivivinyo esiphephile . Udokotela wakho uzoqapha izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile kulo lonke isivivinyo.

Udokotela wakho uzokunika inani elincane lokudla osola ukuthi une-allergy kukho bese ebheka ukuthi kuzokwenzekani. Uma kungekho zimpawu, uzonikezwa umthamo wesibili. Uzoqashwa ngokucophelela ngemva komthamo ngamunye.

Uma ubonisa noma yikuphi ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba, ukuhlolwa kuphelile. Udokotela uzokunikeza imithi yokusiza ngezimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlolwa?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphendula kanjani, ukuhlolwa kungathatha cishe amahora amathathu kuya kwamane ukuphothulwa . Odokotela abaningi bakunikeza inani elincane le-allergen njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15. Uma une-allergy reaction ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa kuzomiswa. Kodwa-ke, uzoqashwa cishe amahora amabili ngemva kwalokho. Lesi sikhathi singase sibe side, kuye ngokuthi uphendula kanjani. Ngisho noma uthola umthamo ogcwele futhi ungenawo ukusabela, udokotela wakho angakugcina uqashwe cishe amahora amabili ngemva kwalokho.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Uma udokotela wakho eqinisekisa ukuthi une-allergy, uzokweluleka ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani lokho kudla. Bazokunikeza nemithi, njenge-epinephrine auto-injector (njenge-EpiPen®). Uma ungenalo i-allergy kulokho kudla, ungakufaka ekudleni kwakho okuvamile. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuphumelela ukuhlolwa kwenselele yokudla, mancane amathuba okuthi uzophinde usabela kulokho kudla futhi.

Ingabe le "Nselele Yokudla Okudlayo" iphephile?

Kunezingozi ezithile kulokhu kuhlolwa. Yingakho kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, ehhovisi labo noma esibhedlela. Iningi labantu libhekana nokusabela okuncane, njengokuqubuka kwesikhumba nokulunywa. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi yokusiza ekunciphiseni lezi zimpawu.

Ukusabela okukhulu akuvamile , kodwa uma kwenzeka, udokotela wakho uzobe ekulungele ukukunikeza ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okudingayo. Izingozi ezinkulu ze-Oral Food Challenge zingafaka ubunzima bokuphefumula noma i-anaphylaxis (ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okungaba yingozi empilweni) .

Yiziphi izinzuzo zalolu vivinyo?

Izinzuzo zalolu vivinyo ukuthi lukuvumela ukuthi wandise ukudla ongakudla futhi lukuvumela ukuthi wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ukudla okuthile kubangela yini ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Ukwazi ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba kungakusiza ukuthi uvimbele ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba esikhathini esizayo.

Ithini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwenselele yokudla ngomlomo ivame ukwaziwa cishe ngokushesha . Odokotela bavame ukuhlukanisa imiphumela ngokuthi "Ibekezelelwe" noma "Isabela."

• `Kubekezelelwe`: Lokhu kusho ukuthi awuzange ube nokusabela kokungezwani nokudla, ngakho-ke ukudla kuphephile ukukudla.
• `Kusabelewe`: Lokhu kusho ukuthi kube nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi ungathola "umphumela ongaphelele." Uma lokho kwenzeka, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi ugweme lokho kudla ukuze ube sendaweni ephephile.

Ake sifunde futhi nge-"Food Sensitivity Test" engenziwa ekhaya.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlolwa: ukuhlolwa kwenselele yokudla okwenziwa udokotela wakho kanye nokuhlolwa kokuzwela kokudla ongakwenza ekhaya. Iningi lalezi zivivinyo zasekhaya emakethe azivunyelwe yi-Food & Drug Administration (FDA) futhi azinawo umsebenzi wezokwelapha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zivivinyo, ongazithenga ku-inthanethi noma ekhemisi, azithathi indawo yokuxilongwa okwenziwe udokotela.

"Isivivinyo Senselele Yokudla Komlomo" sibhekwa njenge- "Gold Standard" yokuxilonga ukungezwani nokudla. Sihilela ukudla ngamabomu ocabanga ukuthi une-allergy kukho.Kungethusa ukutshelwa ukuthi kufanele udle. Kodwa khumbula, udokotela wakho uzoba nawe kulo lonke ukuhlolwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo, njengokuthi kwenzekani esimweni esiphuthumayo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, lokhu `(Ukuhlolwa Kwenselele Yokudla)` kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa yokuhlola ngokunembile ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani nokudla noma cha. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha, endaweni enezikhungo zezokwelapha ezifanele. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukunqoba ukwesaba kwakho ukudla okuthile futhi ulungise ukudla kwakho. Uma ufuna futhi ukwazi ngokuhlolwa okunjalo, ungakhohlwa ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

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