Uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza, uzizwa ukwesaba okukhulu nokushaqeka. Bese kuthi, lapho odokotela bekhuluma ngokwelashwa, uzwe imithi eminingi emisha namagama amasha ongawaqondi. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ungaziqondi kahle lezi zinto, ukwesaba kwakho kuyanda nakakhulu. I-Avastin umuthi ohlukile kancane osetshenziswa ekwelapheni umdlavuza . Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalo muthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Avastin (Bevacizumab) ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi lo muthi ungowaziphi izithibi ze-Angiogenesis.
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sisebenzise isibonelo esilula. Cabanga ngesimila seseli lomdlavuza njengokhula olubi olukhula engadini yethu. Yini edingwa yilolukhula ukuze lukhule futhi lusabalale engadini yonke? Ludinga amanzi ngempela. Ngokufanayo, isimila somdlavuza sidinga nokunikezwa kwegazi ukuze sikhule futhi sisabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Ngakho-ke lo mdlavuza ubuqili kakhulu. Uthumela "isignali" emzimbeni wethu ukuze uthole igazi olidingayo futhi ukhule imithambo yegazi emisha . Njengoba nje leso sitshalo sokhula sikhulisa uhlelo olusha lwamapayipi ngaphansi komhlaba ukuze lulethe amanzi. Imithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-angiogenesis inhibitors iyamisa ukukhula kwale mithambo yegazi emisha. Okusho ukuthi, ivimba "imithambo yegazi" eya kumdlavuza. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho igazi lilahleka, umdlavuza awukwazi ukukhula noma ukusabalala.
Ngakho-ke isebenza kanjani i-Avastin (i-Bevacizumab)?
I-Avastin umuthi ongowesigaba se-Angiogenesis inhibitor esikhulume ngaso ngenhla. Ukuze kube sobala, lo muthi usesigabeni esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-Monoclonal antibody .
Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini i-antibody ye-monoclonal. Kalula nje, iyiprotheni yokwenziwa eyenziwe ngokukhethekile elabhorethri, efana nama-antibodies akhiqizwa ngumzimba wethu ngokwemvelo ukulwa nezifo. Into ekhethekile ngalokhu ukuthi ayithinti wonke amaseli emzimbeni njengemithi ejwayelekile ye-chemotherapy, kodwa ithinta kuphela amaseli omdlavuza ekwelashweni okuqondiwe .
I-Avastin ihlasela i-VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)I-molecule. Sishilo ngaphambilini ukuthi umdlavuza uthumela "isignali" yokwenza imithambo yegazi emisha, futhi leso signali yi-VEGF. Lokho okwenziwa yi-Avastin ukuthi inamathela kule molecule ye-VEGF bese iyivimba ukuthi isebenze. Kufana "nokuvala" isignali. Lapho i-VEGF iyeka ukusebenza, imithambo yegazi emisha ayikhiwa, futhi umdlavuza ulahlekelwa umsoco wawo.
Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali uma ngithatha i-Avastin?
Yebo, lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. Nakuba i-Avastin iyindlela yokwelapha eqondiwe, ayisebenzi yodwa . Ifana nomdlali osekelayo. Umdlali oyinhloko wale ndaba, okuyi-chemotherapy, usadingeka.
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali uhlobo olunamandla lomuthi olubulala amangqamuzana ahlukana ngokushesha (njengamaseli omdlavuza). I-Avastin isebenza ngokusiza nge-chemotherapy.
Kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi, uma i-Avastin ihlanganiswa ne-chemotherapy, imiphumela ye-chemotherapy iphumelela kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, uma le mithi emibili ihlanganiswa, ukulwa nomdlavuza kuba namandla nakakhulu. Ngokunciphisa ukutholakala kwegazi esimila, imithi ye-chemotherapy ibulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza eziphathwa nge-Avastin?
I-Avastin ivunyelwe izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza . Kodwa-ke, ayinikezwa yonke imidlavuza. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lomdlavuza onawo, isigaba sawo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ezinye zezinhlobo zomdlavuza ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa i-Avastin.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Ulwazi olubalulekile |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza Wamathumbu Amancane Noma We-Rectal | Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimweni lapho umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (i-metastatic). Ngokuvamile inikezwa kanye nemithi ye-chemotherapy efana ne- 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) noma i-capecitabine (Xeloda) . |
| Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu | Isetshenziselwa ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu osuthuthukile. |
| Umdlavuza Wezinso | Isetshenziselwa i-metastatic renal cell carcinoma. |
| Umdlavuza Wesibeletho | Isetshenziswa njengokwelapha ezinye izimo zomdlavuza wesibeletho. |
| Umdlavuza Wesibeletho | Isetshenziselwa umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ophinde wavela noma osakazeke. |
| I-Glioblastoma | Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho, futhi lolu hlobo lokwelashwa lunganikezwa uma kwenzeka ukuphinda kwalesi sifo. |
Ingabe i-Avastin ayinikezwa umdlavuza webele?
Nakuba i-Avastin yayisetshenziswa ngaphambilini ukwelapha umdlavuza webele, izifundo zakamuva zaqinisekisa ukuthi izingozi zemiphumela emibi zidlula izinzuzo zalo muthi. Ngakho-ke, izikhungo ezifana ne-FDA e-United States azisakuvumeli ukusetshenziswa kwe-Avastin komdlavuza webele.
Ingabe i-Avastin ingayelapha ngokuphelele umdlavuza wamathumbu?
Cha. I-Avastin akuyona umuthi "omlingo" ozowelapha ngokuphelele umdlavuza . Kodwa-ke, izivivinyo zemitholampilo zikhombisile ukuthi lo muthi ungandisa kakhulu impilo yeziguli . Isibonelo, ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi iziguli ezathola i-Avastin nge-chemotherapy zaphila cishe izinyanga ezi-5 isikhathi eside kunalezo ezathola i-chemotherapy kuphela. Siyazi ukuthi lesi sikhathi siyigugu kangakanani kumuntu olwa nomdlavuza.
Yiziphi imiphumela emibi ye-Avastin?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi onamandla, i-Avastin ingaba nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oyithathayo ozobhekana nale miphumela emibi . Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu futhi wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ngezansi kuneminye yemiphumela emibi engathi sína nevamile engase ivele.
| Imiphumela emibi ye-Avastin | |
|---|---|
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Okufanele ukwazi ngalokhu |
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha | |
| Ukubhoboza kwamathumbu | Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, umkhuhlane, kanye nesicanucanu. Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa. |
| Ukopha kwangaphakathi | Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezisongela ukuphila njengesifo sohlangothi. |
| Ukupholisa amanxeba okulibaziseka | Udokotela uqaphela kakhulu ngokunikeza lo muthi ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo | Ingozi iphezulu kakhulu uma ithathwa neminye imithi ye-chemo ethinta inhliziyo. |
| Ukulimala kwezinso | Izimpawu ezifana nokwanda kweprotheni emchameni zingase zivele. |
| Eminye imiphumela emibi evamile (tshela udokotela) | |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Kubalulekile ukuqapha umfutho wegazi njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. |
| Ukukhathala | Lokhu futhi kuyimiphumela emibi evamile ye-chemotherapy. |
| Amahlule egazi emithanjeni | Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze kanye nobuhlungu. |
| Uhudo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, izilonda emlonyeni | Lezi ngokuvamile ziyimiphumela emibi elawulekayo. |
| Igazi emchameni | Kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona lokhu. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungacabangi nje ukuthi, “Lokhu akulutho.” Yazisa udokotela wakho noma umnyango ofanele wesibhedlela lapho welashwa khona ngokushesha. Uma usheshe ukubike, kuzoba lula ukuphatha lesi simo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Avastin (i-Bevacizumab) akuyona imithi yendabuko ye-chemotherapy. Iyindlela yokwelapha eqondisiwe evimba ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngegazi kumaseli omdlavuza.
- Lo muthi awuvame ukusetshenziswa wodwa. Unikezwa kanye ne-chemotherapy ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kwawo.
- Lokhu kusetshenziselwa kuphela izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, njenge-colon, i-lung, i-kidney, kanye ne-ovarian.
- Ngenxa yokuthi imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingaba khona, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
- Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho ninikezwe i-Avastin njengokwelashwa komdlavuza, qiniseka ukuthi nixoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho nodokotela wakho . Bazokwazi ukukunikeza ulwazi olunembile kakhulu.
I-Avastin, i-Bevacizumab, umdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, i-chemotherapy, i-angiogenesis inhibitor, umuthi womdlavuza, imiphumela emibi, i-pilika prathikara, i-anathuru abada, ukwelashwa komdlavuza i-sinhala
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