Uma uphathwa umkhuhlane, umzimba wakho uyaqaqamba, ikhala lakho liyacinana, amafinyila akho ayaphuma, bese ukhwehlela, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokuthatha umuthi owodwa wazo zonke lezi zifo ngokulandelana, ungase ucabange ukuthi, kungaba lula kangakanani ukube ungathola impumuzo emuthini owodwa. Lolu hlobo lomuthi, ongawuthenga emakhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, empeleni luyingxube yemithi eminingana ku-capsule noma isiraphu eyodwa. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngomunye umuthi "wokuhlanganisa" osetshenziswa kakhulu.
Luhlobo luni lomuthi lolu?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yemithi emine. Uma ihlangene, le mithi emine inikeza impumuzo ezimpawini eziningana zomkhuhlane ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- I-Acetaminophen: Lena yi-paracetamol esiyaziyo sonke. Isebenza ngokunciphisa ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nomkhuhlane.
- I-Chlorpheniramine: Lona umuthi we-antihistamine osetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukungezwani komzimba. Usiza ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa yiphunga, ukuthimula, kanye namehlo alumayo.
- I-Dextromethorphan: Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhwehlela. Kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhwehleleni okomile okungenamafinyila.
- I-Phenylephrine: Lona umuthi wokukhulula ukuminyana kwamakhala onciphisa ukuminyana kwamakhala. Uvimba imithambo yegazi ekhaleni, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lo muthi ulawula kuphela izimpawu zomkhuhlane ovamile. Awulaphi ukutheleleka ngegciwane emzimbeni wakho. Ngamanye amazwi, lo muthi unikezwa ukwelapha ukungakhululeki okubangelwa ukugula, hhayi isifo.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umuthi oxubile onjengalona, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo zezokwelapha noma izimo ezilandelayo. Lo muthi ungase uhlangane nezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
| Ingabe unalezi zimo? | Kungani kufanele unikeze ulwazi? |
|---|---|
| Isifuba somoya noma ukukhwehlela okunomuncu omningi | Eminye imithi ingandisa ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Isifo sikashukela | Ezinye izinhlobo zoju lwezokwelapha zingase zibe noshukela, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zemithi zingathinta amazinga kashukela egazini. |
| I-Glaucoma (ukwanda komfutho wamehlo) | Lomuthi ungase wandise ukucindezeleka kwamehlo. |
| Isifo senhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme | Imithi efana ne-phenylephrine ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| Isifo sesibindi noma ukuphuza utshwala njalo | I-Paracetamol (i-Acetaminophen) ingathinta isibindi, ngakho-ke iyingozi kubantu asebenesifo sesibindi kakade. |
| Izifo ze-thyroid | Le mithi ingaphazamisa izimpawu ze-thyroid. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama (isb., i-prostate ekhulisiwe) | Eminye imithi ingenza lesi simo sibe sibi kakhulu. |
| Ukuthatha imithi yokucindezeleka ye-MAOI ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ezedlule | Lo muthi akufanele uthathwe ngoba ungabangela ukusabela okuyingozi kakhulu. |
| Ukukhulelwa, ukuzama ukukhulelwa, noma ukuncelisa | Kuphoqelekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa. |
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?
- Landela imiyalelo esebhodleleni noma ephaketheni lomuthi ngqo .
- Uma lokhu kuwuhlobo loju, kala umuthi kuphela ngesipuni noma indebe ekhethekile eza nawo.Sebenzisa. Ungalinganisi ngezipuni noma izipuni ezitholakala ekhishini. Njengoba izilinganiso zazo zinganembile, ungase uthole umthamo ongalungile.
- Thatha umuthi ngezikhathi ezithile. Ungathathi ngaphezu kwenani elibekiwe noma kaningi .
- Uma unikeza izingane ezincane lo muthi, khuluma nodokotela wezingane ngakho. Kungadingeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Kuthiwani uma ngisebenzisa ngokweqile?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, ungawuthathi kalula. Shayela ngokushesha i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital , noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ezinye izinto ezingase zihlangane nalo muthi
Lo muthi ungase uhlangane neminye imithi nezinto ezithile uma usetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo.
| Izinto okungafanele zithathwe ngalo muthi | |
|---|---|
| I-MAOI (uhlobo lomuthi wokucindezeleka) | Isibonelo: I-Carbex, i-Marplan, i-Nardil. Kungaba nokusabela okubi kakhulu. |
| Imithi yohlobo lwe-stimulant | Isibonelo: i-dextroamphetamine. Ingathinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi. |
| Ezinye izinto okufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha futhi ezingase zibangele ukushayisana | |
| Utshwala | Kungabangela ukozela okukhulu kanye nesiyezi. Kungaba yingozi nasesibindini. |
| Imithi yokukhathazeka noma yokulala | Kukhulisa kakhulu ukozela. |
| Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu | Le mithi ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo kahle. |
| Eminye imithi yomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye neyokungezwani komzimba | Kukhona ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile uhlobo olufanayo lomuthi. |
| Noma yimuphi omunye umuthi oqukethe i-paracetamol (i-acetaminophen) | Kukhona ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile, okungabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi. |
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu, bona udokotela wakho .
- Funa iseluleko sikadokotela uma ubuhlungu, ukuminyana kwamakhala, noma ukukhwehlela kuqhubeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-7 .
- Uma umkhuhlane uhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu , funa iseluleko sikadokotela.
- Lomuthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele noma unesizungu . Ngakho-ke, ungashayeli, usebenzise imishini, noma wenze noma yini edinga ukuqapha uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena.
- Ikakhulukazi uma usukhulile, ungahlali noma ume ngokushesha kakhulu . Lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okuba nesiyezi nokuwa.
- Gwema ukuphuza utshwala. Utshwala bungadala imiphumela emibi yemithi, ikakhulukazi ukozela.
Isexwayiso: Ukweqisa i-Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) kuyingozi kakhulu!
Ungathathi eminye imithi equkethe i-paracetamol (isib. i-Panadol, i-Calpol) ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Hlola amalebula eminye imithi yobuhlungu noma yomkhuhlane oyithathayo ukuze ubone ukuthi iqukethe i-paracetamol. Uma uthatha i-paracetamol eningi ngengozi, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha, noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu. Ukweqisa umthamo kungabangela ukulimala kwesibindi okungenakuguqulwa.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
Njengayo yonke imithi, kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha:
- Ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okufana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi noma ubuso
- Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuqina
- Ukungaphumuli, ukukhathazeka, noma ukuqwasha
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile
- Ubunzima bokuchama noma ushintsho enanini lomchamo owukhiqizayo
- Ukuphuka noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ubuthakathaka ngendlela engavamile
- Ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba (i-jaundice)
Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka:
- Ukozela
- Amehlo nomlomo owomile
- I-Anorexia
- Ukungakhululeki kwesisu
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Le mithi ehlanganisiwe ilawula okwesikhashana izimpawu zomkhuhlane ovamile, hhayi ukwelapha lesi sifo.
- Ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi, yazisa udokotela wakho ngazo zonke ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo kanye nayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Ungalokothi weqe umthamo onqunyiwe. Ukweqisa umthamo we-paracetamol (i-Acetaminophen) ikakhulukazi kungaba yingozi kakhulu.
- Uma uthatha lo muthi, ungasebenzisi omunye umuthi oqukethe i-paracetamol.
- Gwema ukushayela nokwenza imisebenzi edinga ukuqaphela, njengoba kungase kube nobuthongo ngemva kokuthatha umuthi.
- Uma izimpawu zingathuthuki noma zingabi zimbi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Gcina yonke imithi endaweni ephephile, kude nezingane ezincane.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Iyini Imithi Yomkhuhlane Ehlanganisiwe?
Ngokuvamile, uma sithola umkhuhlane, sithola izimpawu eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa (impumulo egcwele amanzi, impumulo egobhozayo, ukukhwehlela, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba/ikhanda). Esikhundleni sokuthatha amaphilisi ahlukene ngakunye kwalokhu, i-Combination Cold Medicine iwumuthi ohlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zemithi ibe yiphilisi/izimpawu eyodwa (Multi-Symptom) ukwelapha zonke lezi zinkinga ezintathu kuya kwezine ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isibonelo, i-NyQuil, i-DayQuil.
💬 Yiziphi izithako zokwelapha eziyinhloko kule ngxube futhi zenzani?
1. Iziqeda-zinhlungu (isib. i-Paracetamol / i-Acetaminophen) - Yehlisa umkhuhlane, yehlisa ubuhlungu bomzimba/bekhanda. 2. Ama-Decongestants (i-Phenylephrine/i-Pseudoephedrine) - Vula ikhala ngokunciphisa imithambo yegazi evuvukele ekhaleni. 3. Ama-Antihistamine (i-Chlorpheniramine/i-Diphenhydramine) - Yeka ukuthimula kanye nekhala eligobhozayo. 4. Ama-Antitussives (i-Dextromethorphan/i-Codeine) - Yeka ukukhwehlela okomile ngokuthinta ubuchopho.
💬 Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko okufanele siziqaphele lapho sithatha lezi zinhlobo zemithi exubile?
Ingozi enkulu (i-Paracetamol Overdose)! Uma uphuza loluju oluxubile futhi uphuza amaphilisi ePanadol ahlukene (amaningi awo aqukethe i-Paracetamol), i-paracetamol izokwanda futhi isibindi esingu-100% sizobola futhi ungase ufe (awukwazi ukuphuza ngaphezu kuka-4000mg ngosuku). Enye into ukuthi, ama-(Decongestants) kulokhu angabangela ukushaya kwesifuba okusheshayo/umfutho wegazi kukhuphuke ngokuzumayo (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo/uhlangothi, ngakho-ke lokhu akuvunyelwe kubantu abanezinkinga zomfutho wegazi!
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