Ingabe uzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele usuku nosuku? Kanye nobuhlungu besisu kanye nesicanucanu, ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uba nesifiso esingajwayelekile sokudla okunosawoti? Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale njengezinto ezivamile, mhlawumbe ngemuva kwalokhu kukhona isimo esingakazwa kakhulu ngaso, kodwa esidinga ukuphathwa kahle. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye salezo zimo, isifo sika-Addison.
Iyini ngempela i-Addison's Disease?
Kalula nje, isifo sika-Addison siyisifo esingamahlalakhona esenzeka lapho izindlala ze-adrenal emzimbeni wethu zingakhiqizi ngokwanele ama-hormone amabili abalulekile, i-cortisol ne -aldosterone .
Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi ziyini izindlala ze-adrenal. Lezi yizindlala ezimbili ezincane, ezingonxantathu ezihlala njengesivalo phezu kwezinso zethu. Ziyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu.
- I-Cortisol: Le hormone ibalulekile empilweni yethu. Cabanga nje uma ugula, unengozi, noma uhlinzwa, umzimba wakho uzizwa ucindezelekile kakhulu. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, i-cortisol hormone isiza umzimba ukuthi ubhekane nalolo kucindezeleka. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi kusiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, amasosha omzimba, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
- I-Aldosterone: Le hormone ilawula ibhalansi ye-sodium (usawoti) ne-potassium egazini lethu. Iphinde ilawule ukuthi izinso zethu zikhipha uketshezi olungakanani njengomchamo. Lokhu kuthinta ngqo umthamo wegazi lethu kanye nomfutho wegazi.
Isifo sika-Addison saziwa nangokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal okuyinhloko . Kukhona esinye isimo esihlobene naso esibizwa ngokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal okwesibili . Kulesi simo, i-pituitary gland ebuchosheni ayikhiqizi i-hormone eyanele ebizwa ngokuthi i-ACTH . Le hormone, i-ACTH, ivuselela izindlala ze-adrenal ukuthi zikhiqize i-cortisol.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesifo sika-Addison kanye nesifo sika-Cushing?
Ungazididanisi lezi ezimbili. Kulula kakhulu.
- Isifo Sika-Addison: Ukunganele kwe- cortisol (ne-aldosterone) emzimbeni.
- I-Cushing's Syndrome: Ukwanda kwe -cortisol emzimbeni.
Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi simo?
Nakuba isifo sika-Addison singaba khona kunoma yimuphi ubudala, sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50.Phakathi kwabantu. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.
Futhi, abantu abanezifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba basengozini enkulu yokuzithola benaso. Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba siwukuba amasosha omzimba wethu ahlasele ngephutha amangqamuzana ethu aphilile. Abantu abanezifo ezilandelayo basengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sika-Addison:
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo I
- I-anemia eyingozi
- Isifo samathuna
- I-thyroiditis engapheli
- I-dermatitis herpetiformis
- I-Vitiligo
- I-Myasthenia gravis
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sika-Addison?
Kulesi sifo, ukulimala kwezindlala ze-adrenal kuvame ukwenzeka kancane kancane, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zivela kancane kancane. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuzizwa njalo kokukhathala okukhulu | Lesi yisibonakaliso esivamile futhi esikhula kancane kancane. |
| Amabala amnyama esikhumbeni (i-Hyperpigmentation) | Ubumnyama besikhumba, ikakhulukazi eduze kwamanxeba, izibazi, imibimbi yesikhumba (izingqiniba, amadolo), kanye nezinsini. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza | Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla. |
| Ukuqunjelwa (uhudo) | Ukuqaqamba kwesisu okuvamile kanye nesifo sohudo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo | Ukwehlisa isisindo nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. |
| Ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga | Izimo ezinjengobuhlungu bomzimba kanye nokuqina kwemisipha. |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophansi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu futhi uphelelwa amandla uma umi. |
| Ukufisa usawoti ngokweqile | Uphawu olubangelwa ukwehla kwamazinga kasawoti emzimbeni. |
| Ushukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) | Izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bomzimba nokujuluka zingase zibe khona. |
| Izinguquko zengqondo | Intukuthelo engachazeki, ukucindezeleka, kanye nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. |
Uma abesifazane benalesi sifo, bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile, ukulahleka kwezinwele emzimbeni, kanye nokuncipha kwesifiso sobulili.
Isimo Esiphuthumayo: Iyini Inkinga Ye-Addisonian?
Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka okukhulu emzimbeni (isib. ukugula okukhulu, ingozi), izimpawu zingaba zimbi ngokuzumayo futhi zibe yingozi empilweni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Addisonian crisis , noma i-acute adrenal failure .
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma singelashwa kahle, ukushaqeka ngisho nokufa kungavela.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enezimpawu ezilandelayo, myise eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zenkinga yase-Addisonian | |
|---|---|
| 1. | Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nobuthakathaka obungazelelwe. |
| 2. | Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu esiswini esingezansi, emhlane, noma emilenzeni. |
| 3. | Ukuhlanza okukhulu kanye nohudo, okuholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni. |
| 4. | Umfutho wegazi wehla kakhulu. |
| 5. | Ukuzizwa udidekile engqondweni, ukungabi nakuthula, noma ukwesaba. |
| 6. | Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. |
Yini ebangela isifo sika-Addison?
Imbangela eyinhloko yesifo sika-Addison impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba . Kalula nje, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu (uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba) luhlasela ngephutha izicubu zethu ezinempilo. Kulesi sifo, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba luhlasela ingxenye engaphandle yezindlala ze-adrenal (i-adrenal cortex). Yilapho kukhiqizwa khona i-cortisol ne-aldosterone. Izimpawu ngokuvamile azibonakali kuze kube yilapho sekuvele cishe u-90% walo monakalo. Lokhu kungathatha izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka. Lesi yimbangela yama-75% eziguli zika-Addison.
Esikhathini esidlule, isifo sofuba sasiyimbangela enkulu yalokhu, futhi siseyimbangela enkulu emazweni asathuthuka.
Kunezinye izizathu ezingavamile:
- Izifo ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS kanye nezifo ezibangelwa yisikhunta.
- Ukusabalala kwamaseli omdlavuza kusuka kwenye indawo kuya ezindlaleni ze-adrenal.
- Ukopha okuya ezindlaleni ze-adrenal (ukuphuma kwegazi).
- Ukususwa kwezindlala ze-adrenal ngokuhlinzwa.
- Izifo ezifana ne-amyloidosis.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zivela kancane kancane futhi zivame kwezinye izifo eziningi, kungaba nzima ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokunembile.
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uyasola lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kubonisa amazinga aphansi e-sodium noma amazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini. Amabala amnyama esikhumbeni angenye impawu enkulu eyenza umuntu asole lokhu.
Uma udokotela wakho esola isifo sika-Addison ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kulinganisa amazinga e-sodium, potassium, cortisol, kanye nama-hormone e-ACTH egazini lakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kokukhuthazwa kwe-ACTH: Lokhu kuhilela ukujova i-hormone ye-ACTH yokwenziwa nokubheka ukuthi izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zikhiqiza i-cortisol yini. Amazinga aphansi e-cortisol angase abonise ukuthi izindlala azisebenzi kahle.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-hypoglycemia okubangelwa yi-insulin: Lokhu kuhlola ukubona ukuthi inkinga yakho ihlobene yini ne-pituitary gland.
- I-CT scan: Lokhu kungahlola umonakalo ezindlaleni ze-adrenal noma ukutheleleka.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Isifo sika-Addison selashwa ngokufaka izidakamizwa zokwenziwa esikhundleni sama-hormone angekho emzimbeni.
- Kunikezwa umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-hydrocortisone esikhundleni se-cortisol.
- I-Aldosterone ithathelwa indawo umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-fludrocortisone .
Isifo sika-Addison siyisifo esingamahlalakhona, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka uphuze le mithi impilo yakho yonke .
Umthamo walo muthi uyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Futhi, udokotela wakho angandisa umthamo womuthi ukuze avimbele inkinga ye-Addisonian uma ubhekene nokucindezeleka, njengokutheleleka, ingozi, noma ukuhlinzwa.
Uma unesifo sika-Addison, uzinakekela kanjani?
Uma unalesi sifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinakekela.
- Gqoka njalo ikhadi lomazisi noma isongo lesaziso sezokwelapha ukuze ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bazi ngesimo sakho uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okufanele ukwenze uma ugula noma ucindezelekile kakhulu, njengoba umthamo wakho wemithi ungadinga ukulungiswa ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi.
- Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayoBuza udokotela wakho mayelana nokugcina umjovo we-cortisol esandleni kanye nokufundisa ilungu lomndeni ukuthi ungawunikeza kanjani.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela wakho?
Uma unesifo sika-Addison, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho (ngokuvamile isazi se-endocrinologist) njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo wemithi yakho ulungele wena.
Uma ubhekene nokucindezeleka okukhulu, njengengozi, ukugula, noma ukufa kothandekayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngoba kungadingeka ushintshe umthamo wemithi yakho.
Uma kuvela izimpawu zenkinga ye-Addisonian (njengobuthakathaka obukhulu obungazelelwe, ubuhlungu obukhulu), hamba ngokushesha uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa.
Ukwazi ukuthi unesifo esingamahlalakhona kungaba yinto ekhathazayo ngokomzwelo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi isifo sika-Addison singaphathwa ngempumelelo ngemithi. Ngokubona udokotela wakho njalo, uthatha umthamo ofanele wemithi, nokuzinakekela, ungaphila impilo enempilo nejwayelekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sika-Addison siyisifo esingavamile nesingapheli lapho izindlala ze-adrenal zingakhiqizi khona ama-hormone anele i-cortisol ne-aldosterone.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ukukhathala okwandayo, amabala amnyama esikhumbeni (ikakhulukazi lapho isikhumba sigoqeka khona), kanye nokulangazelela ngokweqile ukudla okunosawoti.
- Inkinga ye-Addisonian iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo, futhi uma kuvela izimpawu, kufanele uye ngokushesha emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (i-ETU).
- Ukwelashwa kudinga ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni samahomoni impilo yonke.
- Ngokulandela iseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha kanye nokuphuza imithi yakho njengoba nje kuyalelwe, ungaphila impilo enempilo nejwayelekile ngokuphelele.
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