Ngezinye izikhathi asizinaki kakhulu izinguquko ezithile emizimbeni yethu, isibonelo, ukukhuluphala okungazelelwe, ukwanda kwezinwele emzimbeni, noma ukukhathala okukhulu, akunjalo? Kodwa lokhu kungaba izimpawu zenkinga ngezindlala ezimbili ezincane ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, izindlala ze-adrenal. Nakuba lokhu kuyindaba engathi sína, ungesabi. Ukuqwashisa kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo somdlavuza esihlobene nalezi zindlala ze-adrenal.
Uyini umdlavuza we-adrenal?
Kalula nje, lokhu kungokweqembu lomdlavuza ongakhula ezindlaleni ezikhiqiza ama-hormone emzimbeni wethu. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi ama-neuroendocrine tumors (ama-NET). Umdlavuza we-adrenal ukhula ezindlaleni zethu ze-adrenal. Cabanga ngale ndlela, kunezindlala ezimbili ezincane phezu kwezinso zethu, njengezigqoko ezimbili. Lezi yizindlala ze-adrenal. Umdlavuza ungakhula kwenye noma zombili lezi zindlala.
Lezi zindlala zikhiqiza ama-hormone , noma amakhemikhali, alawula izinto eziningi ezibalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Isibonelo, umfutho wegazi wethu, ukukhula kwezinwele, isifiso sobulili, ngisho nendlela esibhekana ngayo nokucindezeleka kuncike kula ma-hormone. Amanye amathumba e-adrenal gland aqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone awo.
Lesi simila singaqala engxenyeni engaphandle yendlala, odokotela abayibiza ngokuthi "i-cortex". Noma, singaqala engxenyeni ephakathi yendlala, ebizwa ngokuthi "i-medulla".
Ezimweni eziningi, iqhubu lingase libe likhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi uqala ukuba nezimpawu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokulwa nalo mdlavuza. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngakho nodokotela wakho nokukhuluma nomndeni wakho nabangani ngakho bese uthola ukwesekwa kwabo. Bazoba umthombo omkhulu wamandla ohambweni lwakho lwezempilo.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Uma isimila sisincane, ungase ungaboni zimpawu. Kodwa njengoba sikhula, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zivele ngenxa yezinguquko emazingeni ahlukahlukene ama-hormone. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi.
| Imbangela yezimpawu | Izimpawu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezibangelwa yiqhubu ngokwalo | - Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma iqhubu esiswini - Ukuzizwa usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane |
| Ukwanda kwama-hormone e-androgen (Ama-hormone abesilisa) | - Ukukhula kwezinwele okungafunwa ebusweni noma emzimbeni - Ukwanda kwepenisi kubafana abancane noma i-clitoris emantombazaneni amancane |
| Ukwanda kwe-hormone ye-estrogen (Ama-hormone abesifazane) | - Ukuya esikhathini kusenesikhathi noma ukukhula kwamabele kwamantombazane - Ukuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile noma ukujula kwezwi kwabesifazane - Ukopha kwabesifazane ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini - Ukukhula kwamabele kwabesilisa, ukungabi namandla noma ukuncipha kwesifiso sobulili |
| I-hormone ye-cortisol eyandisiwe | - Ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba - Ubuso bubukeka bukhukhumele - Ukukhula kwezinwele ezincane ebusweni, emzimbeni ongaphezulu, noma ezingalweni - Amamaki okwelula esikhumbeni - Ubuthakathaka bamathambo nemisipha - Ukuphuka kwesikhumba ngisho noma kubangelwa ukulimala okuncane - Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa njalo, ukucindezeleka - Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye namazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini |
| Ukwanda kwe-hormone ye-aldosterone | - Ubuthakathaka bomzimba, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha - Umfutho wegazi ophakeme - Amazinga e-potassium egazini anciphile - Ukoma ngokweqile - Ukuchama njalo |
Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zomdlavuza we-adrenal?
Akukho sizathu esicacile sokuthi kungani abanye abantu beba nalezi ziqhubu. Kodwa-ke, uma unesinye sezimo ezilandelayo zofuzo, ingozi yakho yokuthola lo mdlavuza iphakeme kancane.
- I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome
- I-Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
- I-Carney complex
- I-neoplasia eminingi ye-endocrine
- I-polyposis yomndeni ye-adenomatous
- I-Lynch syndrome
Lezi yizimo zofuzo ezingavamile. Ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho ekutshelile ukuthi unesinye salezi, ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile ngakho.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zomdlavuza we-adrenal?
Yebo, izimila ze-adrenal gland zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: eziyingozi nezingenabungozi. Lezi ziqanjwa ngokusekelwe lapho ziqala khona.
Izimila ezibulalayo
- I-Adrenocortical carcinoma: Lokhu kuqala engxenyeni engaphandle (i-cortex) yendlala. Lolu hlobo lwesimila lukhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-hormone.
- I-pheochromocytoma eyingozi kakhulu: Lona umdlavuza ongavamile kakhulu oqala engxenyeni ephakathi yendlala (i-medulla).
- I-Neuroblastoma: Lokhu kuqala nasebuchosheni obuphakathi futhi kuvame ukubonakala ezinganeni.
- I-paraganglioma ebulalayo: Lokhu kungakhula ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwe-adrenal gland.
Amaqhubu angewona umdlavuza (angewona awemvelo)
- I-Adenoma: Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungakhiqiza i-cortisol eningi, isimo esisibiza ngokuthi "i-Cushing's syndrome".
- I-pheochromocytoma engeyinhle
- I-paraganglioma engeyinhle
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma unezimpawu noma uma unezici eziyingozi zalo mdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona yini iqhubu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganquma nesigaba somdlavuza nokuthi ngabe ususakazekele kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
- Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nomlando wezokwelapha: Udokotela uzobuza ngemikhuba yakho yezempilo kanye nezimo zakho zezokwelapha zangaphambilini.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhiqiza ama-hormone ocansi amaningi noma ama-steroid. Isibonelo, kuhlola amazinga aphansi e-potassium noma amazinga aphezulu e-cortisol noma i-estrogen.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ama-scan asetshenziselwa ukubheka amaqhubu noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ama-X-ray, ama-ultrasound, ama-CT scan, ama-MRI scan, kanye nama-PET scan.
- I-Laparoscopy: Kulokhu, kufakwa ipayipi elincane kakhulu elinekhamera encane emzimbeni ukuze kubonwe ukuthi umdlavuza ukhula kuphi.
- I-Biopsy: Kuthathwa isampula encane yezicubu kusetshenziswa inaliti bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma ubheka isimo sakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke, udokotela wakho uzoncoma uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele kakhulu kuwe.
- Ukuhlinzwa:Lokhu kungaba ukuphela kokwelashwa okunganikeza ukwelashwa okuphelele. Udokotela wakho angase anqume ukususa eyodwa noma zombili izindlala zakho ze-adrenal. Uma umdlavuza ususakazeke, kungase kudingeke ukuba kususwe nama-lymph node aseduze.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ukuvimba ukukhula kwesimila. Ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Imithi: Umuthi ovame kakhulu onikezwayo umuthi obizwa ngokuthi `i-mitotane (i-Lysodren).` Uvimba ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone yizindlala ze-adrenal futhi ubhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi ehamba emzimbeni wonke futhi ibulale amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungalimaza namangqamuzana anempilo.
- Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Le mithi ihlasela futhi ibhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela, ngaphandle kokulimaza amangqamuzana anempilo.
- Ukususwa kwezicubu: Lena indlela yokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kusetshenziswa ukushisa okukhulu noma ukubanda okukhulu kulabo abagula kakhulu ukuba bahlinzwe noma lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukwelashwa ini, nakekela umzimba wakho kanye nengqondo yakho. Buza udokotela wakho ngamaqembu okusekelana lapho ungakhuluma khona nabanye ababhekene nesimo esifanayo nesakho.
Iyini inhloso yalesi sifo?
Impilo yakho yesikhathi esizayo incike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yakho, ubukhulu besimila lapho sitholakala, kanye nokuthi isimila siyawakhiqiza yini ama-hormone noma cha.
Ngokwezibalo, abantu abangaba ngu-73 kwabayi-100 abaphathwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usakazeke ngale kwezindlala ze-adrenal bazophila iminyaka emi-5 noma ngaphezulu. Uma ususakazeke ezicutshini noma ezithweni eziseduze, lelo nani lehla laya cishe ku-53% kwabayi-100. Uma ususakazeke ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba, lelo nani lehla laya cishe ku-38% kwabayi-100.
Khumbula, lezi yizibalo nje. Isiguli ngasinye sihlukile. Ngakho-ke ungadikibali ngalezi zinombolo. Kubalulekile ukubhekana nokwelashwa ngendlela eyakhayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Qaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile emzimbeni wakho, ikakhulukazi ukukhuluphala okungazelelwe, ukukhula kwezinwele ngokweqile, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Umdlavuza we-adrenal uyisimo esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungazinaki izimpawu.
- Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuyisinyathelo esikhulu ekwelashweni okuphumelelayo. Uma unemibuzo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha, futhi udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okukulungele.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo emndenini, kubangani, kanye namaqembu okusekelana.
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