Cabanga ukuthi uhlala uzwa ubuhlungu emhlane noma ohlangothini lwakho, noma udokotela uthi umfutho wegazi lakho uphakeme kancane. Sivame ukukhohlwa ngalezi zinto, sicabanga ukuthi zivamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi okufihliwe ngemuva kwalezi zinto kuyinkinga ehlobene nezinso edinga ukunakwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, esingalawulwa kahle uma siphathwa kahle.
Kalula nje, iyini i-ADPKD?
Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease , noma i-ADPKD ngamafuphi. Okwenzekayo ukuthi ngaphakathi kwezinso zakho, kunezingxenyana eziningi ezincane ezigcwele uketshezi ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-cyst . Njengoba la ma-cyst eqala ukukhula, izinso azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ojwayelekile wokuhlanza igazi kahle.
Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zempilo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme , izifo zomgudu womchamo , kanye namatshe ezinso. Kwabanye abantu, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, size siholele nasekuhlulekeni kwezinso. Kodwa akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu.
Ezimweni eziningi, abantu bangaphila iminyaka eminingi bengazi ukuthi banalesi sifo. Izimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-40. Yingakho ibizwa nangokuthi "i-PKD yabantu abadala."
Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliphelele lalokhu, uma ulondoloza indlela yokuphila enempilo, uthatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho, futhi ikakhulukazi ulawule umfutho wegazi lakho, unganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo wezinso zakho.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo? Sizizwa kanjani?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-ADPKD ozoba nezimpawu. Abanye abantu bangase bangazi ukuthi banazo iminyaka eminingi. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu kubantu abanalesi simo umfutho wegazi ophakeme , ukutheleleka njalo komgudu womchamo , kanye namatshe ezinso . Ake sichaze lezi zimpawu.
| Izimpawu ezivamile | |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu emhlane noma ezinhlangothini zombili zomgogodla | Esikhathini esiningi, lobu buhlungu buvela lapho kuqhuma i-cyst, kwakheka itshe lezinso, noma ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo. |
| Igazi emchameni | Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo. Umchamo ungase ubonakale upinki noma unsundu. |
| Ukukhulisa isisu | Njengoba ama-cyst ekhula, izinso zingase zivuvuke futhi zizwe sengathi ziphuma esiswini. |
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, la ma-cyst angakhula abe makhudlwana futhi alimaze izinso, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso kwabanye abantu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ( Ukukhathala )
- Isidingo sokuphuza njalo
- Imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile kwabesifazane
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, izandla, nezinyawo
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile kwabesilisa
Kungani lolu hlobo lwesifo luvela? Ingabe luyifa?
Yebo, lesi yisifo esizuzwa njengefa . Kalula nje, lesi sifo sibangelwa ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo emizimbeni yethu. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, sibangelwa ukukhubazeka kwenye yezakhi zofuzo ezimbili ezibizwa ngokuthi `PKD1` kanye `PKD2`. Lezi zakhi zofuzo yizo ezinikeza amangqamuzana ezinso isignali yokuthi "kufanele akhule nini". Ngakho-ke uma kukhona ukukhubazeka kwenye yalezi zakhi zofuzo, amangqamuzana ezinso akhula ngendlela engalawuleki futhi ama-cyst esikhulume ngawo aqala ukwakheka.
Ukuze izifo eziningi ezizuzwa njengefa zikhule, udinga ukuzuza ifa lesakhi sofuzo esinokukhubazeka kumama wakho nakubaba wakho. Kodwa into ekhethekile nge-ADPKD ukuthi uma uzuza lesi sakhi sofuzo esinokukhubazeka kumzali oyedwa kuphela, kungaba umama wakho noma ubaba wakho , ingane yakho izoba nalesi sifo.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma umama noma ubaba wakho enalesi sifo, nawe unethuba elingu-50% lokuba naso.
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umuntu abe nalesi sifo ngisho noma abazali bakhe bengenaso lesi sifo, kodwa futhi singabangelwa yisici esisha esakhiweni somzimba wakhe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi unenkinga yezinso ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, angakuthumela kudokotela wezinzwa . Uzokubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Ziyini izimpawu zakho? Zaqala nini?
- Uyawazi umfutho wegazi lakho?
- Ingabe kukhona ubuhlungu noma kuphi? Uma kunjalo, bukuphi?
- Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onesifo sezinso?
- Wake wahlolwa izakhi zofuzo ngaphambili?
Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ama-cyst ezinso.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala isithombe sezinso. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukuhlolwa kokuqala okwenziwayo.
- I-MRI Scan noma i-CT Scan: Lezi ziskeni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zisetshenziselwa ukuthola ama-cyst amancane kakhulu ukuthi angabonakala nge-ultrasound.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DNA yakho ingahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi unephutha yini ku-'PKD1` noma `PKD2` gene. Kodwa-ke, yize lokhu kuhlolwa kungasho ukuthi unesifo noma cha, akukwazi ukubikezela ukuthi izimpawu zizovela nini noma ukuthi zizoba zimbi kangakanani.
Yini okufanele siyenze ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nasekhaya?
Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-ADPKD. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zempilo ezibangelwa yilesi sifo zingelashwa futhi ukwehluleka kwezinso kungavinjelwa noma kubambezeleke. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:
- Imithi ebambezela ukuqhubeka kokwehluleka kwezinso: Imithi efana neTolvaptan (Jynarque) ingasiza ekulawuleni ukwehla kokusebenza kwezinso kubantu abadala abasengozini yokuthola lesi sifo ngokushesha.
- Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu: Ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ama-antibiotic okutheleleka komgudu womchamo
- Ama-Painkiller
Uma izinso zakho zihluleka ukusebenza, kuzodingeka wenze i-dialysis . Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlanza igazi lakho ngomshini. Ungase futhi ufanelekele ukufakelwa izinso . Kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe.
Imikhuba okufanele siyilandele ukuze sihlale siphilile
Ukuze uvikele izinso zakho futhi uzigcine zisebenza kahle isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Yidla ngendlela efanele: Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo okunosawoti omncane. Usawoti ungakhuphula umfutho wegazi.
- Hlala usebenza:Ukuzivocavoca kungasiza ekulawuleni isisindo kanye nomfutho wegazi, kodwa gwema imidlalo yokuthintana engalimaza izinso zakho.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kungalimaza imithambo yegazi ezinso futhi kwandise ingozi yokwakheka kwama-cyst.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungandisa ingozi yokwakheka kwama-cysts.
Yini esingayilindela esikhathini esizayo? Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinkinga?
Ama-cyst avame ukukhula kancane kakhulu. Uma ulawula umfutho wegazi lakho futhi uphila impilo enempilo, ungakugcina lokhu kukhula kulawulwa. Kodwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka, angakhula abe makhulu ngokwanele ukulimaza izinso zakho.
Izinga lokuqhubeka kwesifo lincike ekutheni unesiphi isakhi sofuzo (i-PKD1 noma i-PKD2). Ngokuvamile, abantu abanesiphako sesakhi sofuzo se-PKD1 basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukwehluleka kwezinso kunalabo abanesiphako sesakhi sofuzo se-PKD2.
I-ADPKD iphinde ibe nengozi yezinye izinkinga zempilo.
| Inkinga engaba khona | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aneurysm (ubuthakathaka nokuvuvukala kodonga lomthambo wegazi ebuchosheni) | Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Uma kukhona emndenini oke waba nalesi simo, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela. |
| Ama-cysts esibindini kanye nakuma-pancreas | Ngaphezu kwezinso, ama-cyst angavela nakulezi zitho. |
| Izifo ze-valve yenhliziyo | Ingozi yokuba nezimo ezifana ne-mitral valve prolapse inganda. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (i-Preeclampsia) | Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu komama abakhulelwe abane-ADPKD. |
| I-Hernias kanye ne-Diverticulosis | Izimo ezibangelwa ubuthakathaka bezindonga zesisu kanye namathumbu amakhulu. |
Kubalulekile ukuhlala uqinile engqondweni uma unesifo esifana nalesi. Khuluma nomndeni wakho nabangani ngalokhu. Futhi, hlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho futhi ulandele iseluleko sakhe ngqo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADPKD yisifo esidluliselwa ngofuzo esibangela ukwakheka kwama-cyst ezinso.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uwuphawu oluvame kakhulu nolusekuqaleni kwalesi sifo.
- Uma omunye umzali enalesi sifo, kunethuba elingu-50% lokuthi ingane izosithola.
- Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliphelele lalokhu, ubukhali besifo bungalawulwa ngokulawula umfutho wegazi nokuphila impilo enempilo.
- Kubalulekile ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo futhi ulandele iseluleko sakhe.
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