Uyayibona imivimbo efana nale ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho? Ake sixoxe ngemivimbo ye-Angioid!

Wake waya kudokotela wamehlo wezwa into efana nokuthi, "Ungayibona le migqa emincane ngaphakathi kweso lakho, siyibiza ngokuthi i-Angioid Streaks"? Noma usanda kulizwa leli gama? Ungase wesabe kancane ukuzwa lokhu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Angioid Streaks ngendlela elula neqondakalayo.

Uyazi ukuthi yini i-Angioid Streaks?

Kalula nje, i-Angioid Streaks imincane, emangelengele ebonakala ngaphansi kwe-retina yeso lakho. Ibukeka njengemithambo yegazi, kodwa empeleni ayiyona imithambo yegazi. Ivame ukubonakala lapho udokotela wakho wamehlo ehlola amehlo akho. Ivame ukubonakala kuwo womabili amehlo. Abanye abantu bawabiza nangokuthi i-Knapp streaks noma i-Knapp striae.

Cabanga nje, ngaphakathi kweso lakho kukhona i-'Optic Disc' (okungukuthi, ingxenye yokugcina yenzwa ye-optic ngaphambi kokuba ixhumeke ebuchosheni), futhi le migqa ibonakala idlulela ngaphandle kusukela lapho. Yakheka lapho kuvela izicubu ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Bruch's membrane' ngaphakathi kweso. Le 'Bruch's membrane' iyisimbozo sangaphakathi se-'Choroid' (yilapho kutholakala khona imithambo yegazi eletha igazi nezakhamzimba esweni). Itholakala phakathi kwe-'Retina' ne-'Sclera'.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Esikhathini esiningi, azikho izimpawu ze-angioid streaks. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase ungaboni noma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungakhululeki. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nale streaks ye-angioid ngezinye izikhathi zingaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono. Yingakho odokotela bekhathazekile ngalokhu.

Kungani le migqa ye-angioid yakheka?

Isizathu esiyinhloko ukwakheka kwemifantu ku-'Bruch's membrane' esikhulume ngayo ngaphambili. Kwabanye abantu, lolu daka luyaqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lubeke izinto ezifana ne-calcium, futhi luqhekeke kalula. Yilapho-ke kwakheka khona le mifantu efana nemicu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungabangelwa nokulimala kwamehlo.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Kunezinye izimo zempilo ezingabangela i-Angioid Streaks. Ukuze bakhumbule lokhu, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa isifinyezo esithi PEPSI . Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• I-P - I-Pseudoxanthoma elasticum: Lesi yisifo esizuzwa njengefa. Sibangelwa ukugcwala kwamaminerali emicu enwebekayo yomzimba. Lesi sifo sivame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-Angioid Streaks.
• I-E - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: Lesi futhi yisimo sofuzo esithinta izicubu zomzimba ezixhumeneyo.
• Isifo sethambo sika-P - Paget: Lesi yisifo esithinta amathambo. Sithinta indlela amathambo amasha akheka futhi aphuka ngayo.
• Isifo se-S - I-Sickle cell: Lesi yisifo esizuzwe njengefa esithinta amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ayakhubazeka futhi angabanjwa emithanjeni yegazi.
• Izimo ze- Idiopathic : Lezi yizimo lapho kungatholakali khona imbangela ethile . Lezi zingathinta i-hemoglobin (ingxenye yamaseli akho abomvu egazi) noma i-collagen (ingxenye ebalulekile yezicubu ezixhumeneyo) egazini lakho.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi, akudingeki ube nazo zonke izifo ezishiwo yi-PEPSI ukuze ube ne-Angioid Streaks. Lezi yizifo eziyinhloko ezingahlotshaniswa nazo.

Ezinye izinto eziyingozi

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimo ezinkulu zezokwelapha, ezinye izici eziningana zingandisa ingozi yokuthola i-Angioid Streaks:

• Ukuguga: Izinguquko kulwelwesi lukaBruch zingenzeka ngokuguga.
• Ukulimala kwamehlo: Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokushaywa okukhulu emehlweni.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Angioid Streaks?

Nakuba ukuba nemigqa ye-angioid ngokuvamile kungenangozi, ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela izinkinga ezithinta umbono wakho. Lezi yizo eziyingozi.

Kunezinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Ukuvuselelwa kwemithambo yegazi emisha: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi emisha, engaphilile ikhula ku- retina. Lokhu kufana nokhula, futhi akukuhle emehlweni. Kungakhipha igazi noma kuvuze uketshezi, okubangela ukubona okufiphele kanye nokuphambuka.

2. Ukopha kwegazi okungaphansi kwe-subretinal: Le mithambo yegazi ebuthakathaka esanda kwakheka ingaqhuma futhi yophe ngaphansi kwe-retina. Lokhu kungalimaza nokubona.

Kulapho kuvela izinkinga ezinjengalezi kuphela lapho umbono wakho uqala ukuphambuka noma ukuncipha khona.

Kuhlolwa kanjani lokhu? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?

Esikhathini esiningi, udokotela wakho wamehlo angathola le mivimbo ye-angioid ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, ukuze aqinisekise isimo, akhiphe ezinye izimo, futhi anqume ukuthi kukhona yini izinkinga, udokotela wakho angase afune ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ezengeziwe. Ngezinye izikhathi, bangase bakucele ukuthi lezi zivivinyo ziphindwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze babone ukuthi isimo sakho sishintsha kanjani.

Izinhlobo zokuhlolwa ezenziwe

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kwezithombe okwenziwe yilezi:

• I-angiography ye-fluorescein:Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikhamera ekhethekile ithatha izithombe njengoba idayi ihamba emithanjeni yegazi engaphakathi kweso lakho. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi yakho, njengemithambo yegazi emisha.
• I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Lokhu kufana nokuskena ingaphakathi leso. Isebenzisa imisebe yokukhanya ukuthatha izithombe ezihlukanisayo zengaphakathi leso. Ingabheka izinto ezifana nobukhulu bezingqimba ze-retina, ukwakheka koketshezi, kanye nemithambo yegazi emisha.
• I-Fundus autofluorescence: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa into yemvelo ebizwa ngokuthi i-lipofuscin etholakala ngaphakathi kweso ukuze kutholakale izinguquko kanye nomonakalo emaselini esweni.

Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okudingayo ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholwe kulezi zivivinyo.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha i-Angioid Streaks?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-Angioid Streaks. Okusho ukuthi, okwamanje akukho muthi wokususa leyo mivimbo. Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha izinkinga ezivela kuyo, nokwelapha noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingase zihlotshaniswe nayo (njengalezo ezisohlwini lwe-PEPSI).

Ukwelashwa okuqondile kwezinkinga

Uma unesimo esifana nalesi esikhulume ngaso esibizwa ngokuthi "i-choroidal neovascularization" (okungukuthi ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emisha, engadingeki), udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukwakheka kwegazi: Lokhu kusebenzisa i-laser ukubhubhisa imithambo yegazi engafuneki.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Photodynamic (PDT): Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza umzimba wakho umuthi okhethekile ozwela ukukhanya, bese uqondisa ukukhanya okukhethekile esweni lakho ukuze kubhujiswe imithambo yegazi engafuneki.
• Imithi ye-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF): Le yindlela yokwelapha evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ihilela ukufaka umuthi okhethekile oketshezini olufana nejeli ngaphakathi kweso olubizwa ngokuthi i-vitreous humor. Le mithi ilawula ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emisha. Ibizwa nangokuthi ama-VEGF inhibitors. Le mijovo ingadinga ukuphindaphindiwe njalo ngenyanga noma njengoba kudingeka.
• Ukusebenzisa imithi ye-PDT kanye nemithi yokulwa ne-VEGF ndawonye: Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezimbili zingasetshenziswa ndawonye.

Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi/izinkinga zokwelashwa?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, lokhu kwelashwa kungaba nemiphumela emibi noma izinkinga. Kuhle ukukwazi nalokho.

• Ukwenziwa kwe-laser photocoagulation:Nakuba lokhu kungasusa umbono ngesikhathi esifushane, ngezinye izikhathi kungalimaza izicubu ezinempilo, kubangele ukopha kwe-retina kanye nokulahlekelwa umbono ophakathi.
• Imithi yokulwa ne-VEGF: Imiphumela emibi evela kule mijovo ivame ukuba yesikhashana. Ingafaka phakathi ubuhlungu bamehlo, ukubomvu, ukudabuka, kanye nokuntanta. Kunengozi encane kakhulu yokutheleleka kwamehlo okukhulu ngomjovo ngamunye.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-PDT: Kungase kube nokwanda kwesikhashana kokushiswa yilanga ngemva kwalokhu. Kungase kube nendawo engaboni emehlweni. Kungase kube nokusabela kokungezwani nemithi ezwela ukukhanya, futhi akuvamile ukuthi kwakheke imithambo yegazi emisha, engafuneki.

Uma usikiselwa ukwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngokugcwele nodokotela wakho ngezinzuzo, ububi kanye nemiphumela engaba khona.

Kwenzekani uma ngine-Angioid Streaks?

Uma une-angioid streaks kuphela, okungukuthi, uma kungekho ezinye izinkinga, akuyona ingozi kangako. Kodwa-ke, uma ulimele esweni, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela wamehlo futhi uthole ukwelashwa.

Uma unesifo esiyisisekelo somzimba esibangela imivimbo yakho ye-angioid, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa lukadokotela wakho futhi uthole ukunakekelwa kwamehlo okudingekayo.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa? Ingozi ingancishiswa kanjani?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela imivimbo ye-angioid ebangelwa yizimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo. Kodwa-ke, ungazivimbela lezo ezibangelwa ukulimala kwamehlo.

Ukuvikela amehlo akho yinto ebaluleke kakhulu lapha. Ukugqoka izingubo zamehlo ezivikelayo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yalokhu:

• Uma usebenza ngemishini noma izinto ezingabangela ukulimala kwamehlo (isib. ukushisela, ukusebenzisa umshini wokugaya, ukusebenza ngokhuni).
• Uma ugibela isithuthuthu (ufake i-visor esigqokweni).
• Uma udlala imidlalo enzima kancane (isib. ukudlala ikhilikithi, ikakhulukazi uma ushaya ibhethi, ukushaya ibhendi).
• Uma usebenza engadini, ikakhulukazi lapho usika amagatsha futhi ususa izihlahla.

Yiziphi izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zokuya kudokotela?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubona udokotela wamehlo njalo ukuze ahlolwe amehlo akho. Uma unesifo samehlo noma esinye isimo esingathinta amehlo akho, kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho kaningi.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zinkinga zamehlo, bheka udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha:

• Uma unesifo samehlo.
• Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni (isib. ukufiphala, ukuphambuka, amabala amnyama).

Kulesi simo, bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo:

• Uma ulimale iso.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukopha ngaphakathi kweso.
• Uma umbono wakho unyamalala ngokuzumayo noma uba lufifi kakhulu.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela/udokotela

Uma usuyazi ukuthi une-Angioid Streaks, ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Kungani nginalezi zimpawu ze-angioid?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa engiludingayo?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yalezi zindlela zokwelapha?
• Kufanele ngikubone kangaki?
• Yibaphi abanye ochwepheshe okufanele ngibabone (isib. uma kukhona inkinga ekhona)?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma izimpawu zesimo esibi okufanele ngiziqaphele?
• Sizoba njani isimo sami esikhathini esizayo (isibikezelo)?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-'Lacquer cracks' kanye ne-'Angioid Streaks'?

Zombili lezi zinto zibukeka njengemicu ngaphakathi kweso uma uhlola amehlo. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kwawo kanye nezimbangela zawo kuhlukile.

• Imifantu ye-lacquer: Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala emehlweni abantu abanenkinga yokubona eduze kakhulu.
• I-Angioid Streaks: Lokhu kungabangelwa ezinye zezimo esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, noma ukulimala kweso.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukubonakala kwale migqa kungacacile, udokotela kungadingeka enze izivivinyo zezithombe ezifana ne-OCT ukuze ahlukanise ngokunembile phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uthathwe ekhaya

Uma une-angioid streaks, ungase ungazi nokuthi ikuphi. Ivame ukutholakala udokotela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Ezimweni eziningi, akukho ongakwenza ngazo ngaphandle kokuzibuka. Okusho ukuthi, linda ubone ukuthi ziyashintsha yini.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase acabange ukuthi unesifo esiyimfihlo esihlobene nalokhu. Uma kunjalo, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi nokulalela ngokucophelela lokho okushiwo udokotela wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ubuza imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ozobe uzenza nokuthi imiphumela izokutshelani. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likhona ukukusiza futhi likusize wenze izinqumo ezifanele. Thola ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo futhi uvikele amehlo akho, futhi unganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga eziningi.

I- Angioid Streaks, I-Angioid Streaks, Izifo Zamehlo, I-Eye Streaks, i-Retina, i-Bruch's Membrane, Impilo Yamehlo