Kunzima ukuchaza usizi oluzwayo lapho ubona ilungu lomndeni noma umngane oseduze ekhohlwa kancane kancane konke futhi engakwazi ukwenza ngisho nemisebenzi yansuku zonke eyedwa. Isifo i-Alzheimer's siyisimo esibuhlungu kakhulu. Kuze kube manje, bekukhona imithi elawula izimpawu kuphela, kodwa manje umhlaba ukhuluma ngokwelashwa okusha okuqondise ngqo imbangela yalesi sifo. Namuhla sikhuluma ngaleli themba elisha, eliyi-Anti-Amyloid therapy.
Kalula nje, iyini le ndlela yokwelapha i-Anti-Amyloid?
Ebuchosheni bomuntu onesifo i-Alzheimer's, uhlobo lweprotheyini olubizwa ngokuthi i-'beta-amyloid' luyaqongelela ngokungadingekile. Cabanga ngalo njengogesi odlula ngentambo kagesi, okuyiyona ndlela ulwazi oluhamba ngayo phakathi kwama-neurons ebuchosheni bethu. Leyo phrotheyini ye-'beta-amyloid' iyaqongelela futhi yakhe ama-'plaque' afana nokugqwala phakathi kwala maseli ezinzwa. Lokhu-ke kuphazamisa ukuhamba kolwazi. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo nokungakwazi ukucabanga kahle.
Lolu hlobo olusha lwemithi, olubizwa ngokuthi i-anti-amyloid, lusebenza ngokususa ama-plaque e-'beta-amyloid' aqongelelwe ebuchosheni. Lokho kusho ukuthi luhlasela imbangela eyisisekelo yalesi sifo kunokuba lucindezele izimpawu nje. Ithemba liwukuthi ngokususa la ma-plaque, amangqamuzana obuchopho azokwazi ukusebenza kahle isikhathi eside.
Empeleni lokhu kungokwesigaba sokwelashwa esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-immunotherapy'. Ukuze kube sobala, le mithi inikezwa njengohlobo lwe-antibody (i-monoclonal antibody) eyenziwe ngokukhethekile elabhorethri. Lapho la ma-antibodies engena emizimbeni yethu, athola lawo maprotheni ayingozi 'e-beta-amyloid', anamathele kuwo, bese ewabhubhisa.
Imithi emibili eyinhloko yokulwa nama-amyloid evunyelwe njengamanje yi-`donanemab (Kisunla)` kanye ne-`lecanemab-irmb (Leqembi)`. Kukhona futhi umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-`aducanumab (Aduhelm)` kodwa manje usususiwe emakethe yinkampani eyawenza.
Ngingayithola kanjani le ndlela yokwelashwa? Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?
Lo muthi unikezwa ngesisombululo sikasawoti (i-IV infusion) emthanjeni. Lokhu kuthatha cishe ihora. I-`Leqembi` ivame ukunikezwa njalo emavikini amabili, kanti i-`Kisunla` ivame ukunikezwa njalo emavikini amane. Uqala ngomthamo omncane bese ukhulisa kancane kancane ube umthamo onqunywe udokotela wakho.
Kodwa udinga ukuqaphela ingozi enkulu kakhulu ehambisana nalokhu kwelashwa. Kubizwa ngokuthi `ARIA (Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities)`.
Kalula nje, lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni noma amabala amancane okopha ngaphakathi ebuchosheni. Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukuzixazulula, kubalulekile ukukuqaphela lokhu. Yingakho kufanele uhlolwe njalo ubuchopho nge-MRI phakathi nalolu hlobo lokwelashwa.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-ARIA (ingozi enkulu) | Ukuvuvukala noma ukopha okuncane ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukudideka, kanye nezinkinga zokubona. |
| Eminye imiphumela emibi | - Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba - Ukuwa - Uhudo |
| Ukunakwa okukhethekile | Ososayensi basola ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kungandisa ingozi yokopha kobuchopho uma kunikezwa umuntu othatha imithi yokwehlisa igazi. Kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. |
Lo muthi usebenza kangakanani ngempela?
Nansi ingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi le mithi ingasusa ama-plaque e-'beta-amyloid' ebuchosheni. Lokho kuyinto enhle.
Kodwa-ke, kusekhona ukungezwani kwemibono mayelana nokuthi inkumbulo yesiguli kanye nekhono lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke kuzothuthuka kangakanani ngemva kokususwa kwalawo ma-plaque. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi lokhu kunganciphisa kancane ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Lokho akusho ukuthi lesi sifo seselaphekile ngokuphelele, kodwa kunciphisa ijubane lesifo ekubeni sibi kakhulu.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi imiphumela emihle kakhulu ingalindelwa uma lokhu kwelashwa kuqalwa ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo , ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni.
Ubani ongathola lokhu kwelashwa?
Lokhu akuyona indlela yokwelapha enganikezwa wonke umuntu one-Alzheimer's. Njengamanje, lokhu kunconywa kuphela kubantu abambalwa kakhulu.
- Kubantu abasesigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo: Okusho ukuthi, labo abanesifo i-Alzheimer's esiqala ekuqaleni noma labo abanesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'ukukhubazeka kwengqondo okungekuhle'. Akukaziwa okwamanje ukuthi lokhu kuzoba wusizo yini kubantu abanesifo esithuthukile.
- Kulabo okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi bane-amyloid plaques:Ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho akunike lo muthi, kudingeka aqinisekise ukuthi lawa ma-plaque akhona ngempela ebuchosheni bakho. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukuhlolwa kwe-PET noma ukumpompa komgogodla.
Ubani ongakwazi ukuthola lokhu kwelashwa?
Lo muthi awukafundwa ezivivinyweni eziningi zemitholampilo, ngakho-ke kungaba yingozi ukunikeza lo muthi kubantu abanezinkinga zempilo ezilandelayo:
- Abantu abasebenzisa imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi (ngaphandle kwe-aspirin).
- Labo abake bahlushwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
- Abantu abanezinkinga zokopha.
- Abantu abanesifo sezinso noma sesibindi.
Enye into ukuthi, lezi zindlela zokwelapha zibiza kakhulu . Ezweni elifana neSri Lanka, kungaba nzima ngabantu abaningi ukuthola lezi zindlela. Lezi azivamile ngisho nanamuhla.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anti-amyloid uhlobo olusha lomuthi olususa ama-plaque 'e-beta-amyloid' aqoqana ebuchosheni futhi angabangela isifo se-Alzheimer's.
- Lokhu kuhlose ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo yalesi sifo hhayi izimpawu.
- Lokhu kunganikezwa kuphela iziguli ezisesigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo futhi okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi zinama-plaque ebuchosheni.
- Ngenxa yengozi yokuvuvukala kobuchopho noma ukopha e-ARIA, ukuqapha njalo nge-MRI scans kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
- Qonda ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kusesesigabeni sokucwaninga, kubiza kakhulu, futhi kutholakala kubantu abambalwa kuphela .
- Uma othandekayo wakho enezimpawu ze-Alzheimer's, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngolwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezinketho zokwelapha ezifanele wena.
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