Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa unesithukuthezi ngakho konke, ungafuni ukwenza lutho, futhi uzizwe udabukile nje? Noma ingabe uthambekele ekuzizweni ukhathazekile futhi wesaba ngisho nangezinto ezincane kakhulu? Uma lezi zinto zingapheli ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa futhi ziqhubeka, ungase ube nesimo esifana nokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka. Lezi yizimo ezidlula kakhulu ukudabuka okuvamile futhi ezidinga ukwelashwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngemithi yokucindezeleka, uhlobo lomuthi odokotela abavame ukuwuncoma ngezinkinga ezinjalo zempilo yengqondo.
Ziyini lezi zidakamizwa zokucindezeleka?
Kalula nje, imithi yokucindezeleka iwuhlobo lwemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo zempilo yengqondo ezifana nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye nesifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokushaqeka (PTSD). Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa futhi ukwelapha ezinye izinkinga zokudla, ubuhlungu obungapheli, kanye nokungalali.
Ukucindezeleka kungaphezu nje kokuzizwa udangele. Kuyisimo esiqhubekayo esithinta imizwa yakho, imicabango, amandla, kanye nentshisekelo yokwenza izinto. Ungase ulahlekelwe yintshisekelo ezintweni obuzijabulela. Ungase ube nenkinga yokukhumbula izinto, ukudla kahle, nokulala kahle.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi le mithi inciphisa izimpawu zakho kuphela (njengokudabuka nokukhathala), kodwa ayiqedi imbangela eyinhloko yalesi sifo. Yingakho odokotela bevame ukuncoma ukwelashwa kwengqondo, okungukuthi ukwelashwa ngengxoxo, kanye nale mithi.
Lo muthi usetshenziselwa ziphi izimo?
Odokotela emhlabeni wonke baye bavuma le mithi yokucindezeleka ngenxa yezimo ezilandelayo:
| Isimo sesifo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukucindezeleka kanye nezimo ezihlobene nakho | Izimo ezifana ne-Major Depression Disorder. |
| Izinkinga Zokukhathazeka | Izinto ezifana ne-Generalized Anxiety Disorder kanye ne-Social Anxiety Disorder. |
| Isifo se-Bipolar | Isimo sokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwelo. |
| Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okungapheli (OCD) | Imicabango ephindaphindayo kanye nokuziphatha okungafunwa okuvela kuyo. |
| Isifo Sokwethuka | Ukwesaba okukhulu okungazelelwe kanye nezimpawu zomzimba. |
| Isifo Sokucindezeleka Ngemva Kokuhlukumezeka (PTSD) | Isimo sengqondo esenzeka ngemva kwesenzakalo esibuhlungu. |
| Izinkinga zokudla | Izimo ezifana ne-Bulimia Nervosa. |
| Ezinye izimo | Ubuhlungu Obungapheli, i-Fibromyalgia, Ubuhlungu Bezinzwa Obuhlobene Nesifo Sikashukela, kanye Nesifo Sokuphazamiseka Kwemizwa Ngaphambi Kokuya Esikhathini (PMDD). |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela angase anikeze umuthi wesimo esingavunyelwe ngokusemthethweni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukusetshenziswa okungekho ku-label." Isibonelo, eminye imithi yokucindezeleka endala inikezwa abantu abanenkinga yokungalali noma i-migraines.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokucindezeleka?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko, noma izinhlobo, zale mithi. Ngayinye yazo isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kancane.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Indlela esebenza ngayo ilula. |
|---|---|
| Ama-SSRI (Ama-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) | Lokhu kusebenza ngokwandisa ikhemikhali ebuchosheni bakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin, elawula isimo sethu sengqondo. Lezi yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. |
| Ama-SNRI (ama-Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) | Lokhu kwandisa i-serotonin kanye nekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-norepinephrine, esiza ekubhekaneni nesimo sengqondo, ukucindezeleka kanye nokuphaphama. |
| Ama-Tricyclic Antidepressants | Lokhu kwandisa futhi amakhemikhali womabili okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba le mithi iyimithi emidala, inemiphumela emibi eyengeziwe. |
| Ama-MAOI (ama-Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) | Lokhu kuvimbela i-enzyme ephula amakhemikhali ebuchosheni, okwandisa amazinga alawo makhemikhali. Lawa nawo angohlobo oludala. |
| Ezinye izinhlobo (Ama-Antrollerant Angavamile) | Imithi emisha engeyona eyezigaba ezingenhla futhi esebenza ngendlela ehlukile iwela ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba. |
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzoqala ngomuthi we-SSRI kuqala ngoba unemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo.
Lomuthi usebenza kanjani ngempela?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga ukwazi okuncane ngobuchopho. Ama-neurotransmitter ayizithunywa zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswa amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu ukuxhumana. I-Serotonin ne-norepinephrine yizo ezikhiqizayo. Ezimweni ezifana nokucindezeleka, ibhalansi yala makhemikhali iyaphazamiseka.
Ama-antidepressant asebenza ngokulawula la makhemikhali nokubuyisela ibhalansi yawo, okungathuthukisa isimo sakho sengqondo nokuziphatha kwakho.
Futhi, uma uqhubeka nokuthatha lo muthi, ubuchopho buyakwazi ukwenza ukuxhumana okusha phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa. Kufana nokuvala umgwaqo omdala, onemigodi nokwakha omusha, ongcono. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-neuroplasticity. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni okuhlala njalo kwemizwa yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?
Le mithi ivame ukuza ngesimo samaphilisi. Uma uqala ukuyithatha, udokotela wakho uvame ukuqala ngesilinganiso esiphansi kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzokuqapha njalo futhi andise kancane kancane umthamo uma kudingeka.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lokhu akufani nokuthatha iphilisi le-paracetamol. Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa, mhlawumbe inyanga noma amabili, ukuthi umuthi usebenze futhi uzizwe ungcono. Ngakho-ke kudingeka ubekezele.
Uma usuqala ukuzizwa ungcono, kufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha umuthi njengoba uyalelwe isikhathi eside njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshelile. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngokuzumayo ngoba nje uzizwa ungcono. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela izimpawu ezingathandeki (njengomkhuhlane, isiyezi, kanye nokungalali). Ngakho-ke, uma uyeka ukuthatha umuthi, kufanele wenze kanjalo ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho, unciphise kancane kancane umthamo.
Ngingayikhetha kanjani imithi efanele mina?
Lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyinqumele wena wedwa. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha umuthi ofanele kakhulu kuwe. Uzocabangela izici eziningana.
- Izimpawu zakho: Ingabe udabukile kakhulu? Ukhathazekile? Unezinkinga zokungalali?
- Imiphumela emibi engaba khona: Eminye imithi ibangela ukozela, kanti eminye ibangela ukukhuluphala.
- Ukuthi izosebenzisana yini neminye imithi osuvele uyithatha: Le mithi ingasebenzisana neminye imithi.
- Ezinye izifo onazo: Uma unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sikashukela, nazo zizocatshangelwa.
Cabanga ngakho, uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana, tshela udokotela wakho ngakho futhi. Ngoba kunemithi ephephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngayo yonke imininingwane yakho nodokotela wakho.
Ngezinye izikhathi umuthi wokuqala owunikwayo ungase ungasebenzi kahle. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungakhathazeki. Lokho kuvamile. Ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho bese ushintsha umthamo noma ushintshele komunye umuthi.
Iyini imiphumela emibi yemithi yokucindezeleka?
Njengayo yonke imithi, lo muthi ungaba nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiningi, lokhu akukubi kakhulu futhi kuzoncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba uqhubeka nokusebenzisa umuthi. Eminye yemiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ifaka:
- Isicanucanu
- Umlomo owomile
- Ukozela noma ukuqwasha
- Isiyezi
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukuncipha kwesifiso sobulili
- Ukwanda kwesisindo
- Ukujuluka
Uma ukhathazekile nganoma yimiphi yale miphumela emibi, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo.
Ingozi ethile okufanele uyiqaphele
Kukhona into ekhethekile okudingeka sikhulume ngayo lapha. Kukhona ingozi encane yokuthi imicabango yokuzibulala inganda lapho umuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-24 eqala ukuthatha lo muthi, ikakhulukazi emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Lokhu akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu nokutshela udokotela wakho noma umndeni wakho ngokushesha uma unale micabango.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuphuza lo muthi
Iningi labantu lithatha lo muthi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kodwa kuhle ukuqaphela ezinye izimo ezingathi sína ezingase zenzeke ezimweni ezingavamile.
| Inkinga | Okudingeka ukwazi |
|---|---|
| I-Serotonin Syndrome | Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa kubi kakhulu. Kwenzeka uma kune-serotonin eningi emzimbeni. Izimpawu zingabandakanya ukudideka, ukuqina kwemisipha, umkhuhlane omkhulu, kanye nokuxhuzula. |
| Isifo Sokuyeka Ukubhema | Uma uyeka ukuthatha imithi ngokuzumayo, ungase ube nomkhuhlane, isiyezi, ukuqwasha, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. |
| Ukweqisa umthamo | Ukuthatha imithi eminingi kunalokho okunconywa udokotela wakho kungasongela impilo. Uma usola ukuthi uthathe imithi eminingi kakhulu, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. |
Ungaba umlutha wemithi yokucindezeleka?
Cha. Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Le mithi ayiluthi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uma uyeka ukuyithatha ngokuzumayo, kufanele ukwenze lokho kuphela njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Kufanele ufune nini ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo?
- Uma ubona izimpawu ze -serotonin syndrome (umkhuhlane ophakeme, ukuxhuzula, ukudideka) noma usola ukuthi uphuze ngokweqile, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha.
- Uma unemicabango yokuzibulala , sicela ungabi wedwa. Khuluma nomuntu omethembayo (ilungu lomndeni, umngane, udokotela) ngokushesha. Noma, ungacela usizo enhlanganweni efana neSumithrayo eSri Lanka. Bakulungele ukukulalela nokukusiza. Impilo yakho iyigugu kakhulu.
Imithi yokucindezeleka ingasiza ngempela ngemizwa yokukhungatheka nokuphelelwa yithemba. Kodwa ithatha isikhathi. Udinga ukunikeza ubuchopho bakho isikhathi sokuvuselela lelo bhalansi.
Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole imithi efanele wena. Lena inqubo. Kungase kudingeke wenze izinguquko endleleni. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki noma imiphumela emibi, khuluma ngakho. Ngemuva kwalokho ungenza izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yokucindezeleka imithi enikezwa ukwelapha izifo zengqondo njengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, hhayi nje into yokuthatha usizi.
- Kuthatha cishe amasonto angu-4-8 ukuthi lokhu kusebenze futhi uzizwe imiphumela; ngakho-ke yiba nesineke futhi uqhubeke nokwelashwa.
- Ungalokothi uqale, uyeke, noma ushintshe umthamo wemithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Uma imiphumela emibi ikukhathaza noma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Lo muthi awumlutha.
- Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kanye nemithi.
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