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Ingabe nawe une-ADHD? Ake sixoxe ngesifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD) kubantu abadala!

Ingabe nawe une-ADHD? Ake sixoxe ngesifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD) kubantu abadala!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola kunzima ukugxila emsebenzini? Noma uzizwa ungakhululekile kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, sengathi umane nje udidekile? Mhlawumbe lezi zinto bezilokhu zikhona kusukela ebuntwaneni. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibonakala nakubantu abadala, kodwa abantu abaningi abangasazi. Leso yi -ADHD , noma i-Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder .

Iyini le ADHD eyenzeka nakubantu abadala?

Kalula nje, i-ADHD yisimo esithinta ukukhula kobuchopho bakho. Empeleni iqala ebuntwaneni. Nakuba abanye abantu bekhula bedlula lesi simo njengoba bekhula, kwabaningi asipheli.

Njengengane, i-ADHD ingathinta umsebenzi wesikole kanye nobudlelwano nabangani. Ingakuthinta nawe njengomuntu omdala. Ingathinta umsebenzi wakho, ubungane bakho, ubudlelwano bomndeni wakho, ngisho nempilo yakho yengqondo.

Lesi simo sithinta kanjani umzimba wami, ikakhulukazi ubuchopho bami?

Abantu abane-ADHD babizwa ngokuthi ``neurodivergent .'' Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho babo bukhule ngendlela ehluke kancane. Uma lowo mehluko mkhulu ngokwanele, izimo ezifana ne-ADHD zingavela. Abanye abantu, okusho ukuthi abantu abangenawo lowo mehluko wobuchopho, babizwa ngokuthi ``neurotypical .'' Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho babo bukhule ngendlela evamile.

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho kubantu abane-ADHD azisebenzi kahle kunalokho obekulindelekile. Lezi zindawo ezithintekile yizo ezilawula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Sibiza isethi yamakhono esiwatholayo ngale "misebenzi yokuphatha." Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezifana nekhono lakho lokuhlela, ukucabanga ngokunengqondo, ukwenza izinqumo, nokugxila nokulawula ukunaka kwakho. I-ADHD ilimaza la makhono. Lesi sibonakaliso sibizwa ngokuthi "ukungasebenzi kahle kokuphatha."

Ziyini lezi zimpawu ze-ADHD?

Izimpawu ze-ADHD kubantu abadala zifana kakhulu nalezo ezibonakala ezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi senza izinto ngendlela ehlukile empilweni yabantu abadala, indlela lezi zimpawu ezizibonakalisa ngayo ingase ihluke kancane. Isibonelo, esikhundleni sokuba nezinkinga ngomsebenzi wesikole, ungase ube nezinkinga ngomsebenzi.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD. Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi unaluphi uhlobo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi unezinhlobo zokunganaki , uhlobo lwe-hyperactivity/impulsivity , noma uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho. Udokotela wakho uzonquma nobunzima besimo sakho se-ADHD. Amazinga amathathu yilawa:

  • Okuncane:Kuleli zinga, unezimpawu ezincane ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale isifo, kodwa azikho izimpawu ezinzima ezibonakala.
  • Okumaphakathi: Izimpawu zakho ziphazamisa kakhulu umsebenzi wakho noma ubudlelwano bakho nabantu.
  • Okubi kakhulu: Kuleli zinga, izimpawu zithinta kakhulu umsebenzi wakho kanye/noma impilo yakho yomphakathi. Abantu abanezimpawu ezinzima bangase bakuthole kunzima ukugcina umsebenzi noma ukugcina ubudlelwano.

Izimpawu zokunganaki

Izimpawu zokunganaki zingathinta kabi ubudlelwano bakho nabantu, umsebenzi, kanye nokusebenza kwakho kwezemfundo. Ukuze utholakale une-ADHD, kufanele okungenani ube nezimpawu eziyisithupha kwezilandelayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha:

  • Amaphutha abangelwa ukunganakwa: Lokhu kuholela emaphutheni anganaki, imininingwane engekho, kanye nezinkinga ngokunemba. Lokhu kungathinta umsebenzi wakho, futhi uma ungumfundi, kungathinta imisebenzi yakho yemfundo. Cabanga ukuthi uphuthelwe amaphuzu amaningana abalulekile embikweni owunikiwe, futhi kwaba yinkinga enkulu.
  • Ubunzima bokugcina ukunaka: Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukugcina ingqondo yakho igxile ngesikhathi sengxoxo, umhlangano, inkulumo, noma ngenkathi ufunda noma utadisha isikhathi eside.
  • Ubunzima bokulalela nokunaka lapho abanye bekhuluma nawe: Lokhu kungazwakala sengathi ukwelinye izwe, ulahlekile ephusheni, noma ikhanda lakho likwenye indawo (okubizwa nangokuthi "ukubuka okungamamitha ayinkulungwane").
  • Ubunzima bokuqeda umsebenzi: Lokhu kusho ukuthi uqala imisebenzi emisha noma amaphrojekthi ngokushesha okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kuba nzima ukuwaqeda, njengokungathi ibhethri "liyaphela."
  • Ubunzima bokuhlela nokubeka izinto eziza kuqala: Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngawe ukuhlela nokusebenzela ukufeza imigomo, ikakhulukazi leyo enezinyathelo eziningi. Lokhu kungakwenza ubonakale ungahlelekile, noma kwenze kube nzima ngawe ukufika ngesikhathi nokuqeda imisebenzi ngesikhathi.
  • Ukungathandi noma ukugwema imisebenzi eyisicefe: Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngawe ukugxila emisebenzini eyisicefe, eyisicefe, njengomsebenzi wasekhaya noma umsebenzi ojwayelekile ehhovisi.
  • Ukuba namathuba amaningi okulahlekelwa, ukulahla, noma ukukhohlwa izinto: Lokhu kungakwenza ubonakale ungumuntu ongenandaba, ongenandaba. Ungase ulahle izinto ezifana nesikhwama sakho semali, ifoni, noma okhiye. Ungase futhi ngezinye izikhathi ushiye izinto ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile - isibonelo, ungase ushiye okhiye bakho ngengozi esiqandisini bese uzama ukuzithola.
  • Ukuphazamiseka kalula: Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yalokho okwenzekayo okuzungezile, noma ngoba ingqondo yakho iyazulazula nje.
  • Ukukhohlwa noma ukuntuleka kokugxila emisebenzini yansuku zonke:Ungase ukhohlwe ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti, ukuyolanda ukudla, ukukhokha izikweletu, nokuthenga izinto zasekhaya.

Izimpawu zokungakhathali/ukungashukumi

Ukushesha ngokweqile kanye nokungasheshi kujwayelekile kakhulu ku-ADHD. Ukushesha ngokweqile kungabangela izinkinga ngamakhono okuxhumana nabantu kanye nokuxhumana. Ukuze utholakale une-hyperactivity/impulsivity subtype ye-ADHD, kumele okungenani ube nezimpawu eziyisithupha kwezilandelayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha:

  • Ukuzulazula njalo nokungahlaliseki: Lokhu kungabonakala ezintweni ezifana nokuthinta izinyawo, ukuthinta izinyawo, ukuzungeza ipeni, noma ukubheka ifoni yakho.
  • Ubunzima bokuhlala phansi ngaso sonke isikhathi: Lokhu kukwenza ufune ukuvuka nokuhambahamba njalo.
  • Ukungahlaliseki: Ezinganeni ezincane, lokhu kungabonakala njengokugijima nokugxumagxuma, noma ukukhwela izihlahla ngezikhathi ezingafanele. Kwabantu abadala, lokhu kungabonakala njengokungakwazi ukuhlala uthule.
  • Ubunzima bokujabulela ukuthula: Lokhu kungabonakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphumula, lapho uhlanganyela emsebenzini wokuzilibazisa, noma ngesikhathi somsebenzi ojabulisayo nophumuzayo. Ungase ukhulume wedwa, noma usho amagama noma imisho engenamsebenzi ngokuzwakalayo.
  • Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lomsebenzi: Lokhu kungakwenza ubonakale sengathi uhlala umatasa futhi uphuthuma. Kungaba nzima ngabanye ukusebenza nawe.
  • Ukukhuluma kakhulu: Lokhu kukhuluma sengathi awunawo umhluzi, ukunikeza ulwazi oluningi ngawe, noma ukukhuluma isikhathi eside ngesihloko osithandayo (esibizwa nangokuthi "ukulahla ulwazi").
  • Ubunzima bokuzibamba engxoxweni: Lokhu kusho ukuthi unezinkinga ezingxoxweni ngoba ukhuluma ngokushesha ngaphandle kokucabanga. Uvame ukuphazamisa abanye, uqede imisho yabo, noma ukhulume ngaphandle kokucabanga ngalokho abanye abangase bakucabange.
  • Ubunzima bokulinda ithuba lakho: Isibonelo, ukuba nobunzima bokulinda emgqeni, noma ukuba nobunzima bokulinda into oyifunayo.
  • Ubunzima bokuqonda imingcele efanele yezenhlalo: Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni uhlale uphazamisa imisebenzi nezingxoxo zabanye abantu ngokungadingekile. Ungase uphazamise izingxoxo, imisebenzi, nemidlalo ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuthi kuyabakhathaza abanye.

Izimpawu ezihlanganisiwe

Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu unezimpawu okungenani eziyisithupha zokuxhamazela/ukungakhathali kanye nezimpawu okungenani eziyisithupha zokunganaki.

Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?

Ochwepheshe abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani noma kanjani i-ADHD yenzeka. Kodwa kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi izinguquko esakhiweni sobuchopho, izinguquko kumakhemikhali obuchopho, noma kokubili zingadlala indima. Futhi lokhuKuyaziwa futhi ukuthi kungaba yizakhi zofuzo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungazuza i-ADHD kumzali oyedwa noma bobabili. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangayihlakulela ngaphandle kokuba nanoma ubani emndenini abe nayo.

Izinguquko esakhiweni sobuchopho

Ukuba ne-ADHD kusho ukuthi ungase ube nezinguquko ezicashile kodwa ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kobuchopho bakho. Ingxenye ebalulekile yendlela ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo yindlela obuxhumanisa ngayo izingxenye ezahlukene zabo. Ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho babantu abane-ADHD zingase zibonakale zinezixhumanisi ezimbalwa, noma zingase zibonakale zincane noma zincane kakhulu kunobuchopho babantu abangenayo i-ADHD. Lezi zingxenye ezithintekile yizo ezilawula imisebenzi yokuphatha .

Izinguquko kumakhemikhali obuchopho

Ubuchopho bakho buthembele kunethiwekhi yamangqamuzana akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-neurons' . Lawa yiwo athumela futhi amukele izimpawu kulo lonke ubuchopho. Lezo zimpawu yizo ezibangela izinto ezifana nezinto ozicabangayo nezinto ezenza imisipha yakho inyakaze. Ubuchopho bakho budinga amakhemikhali akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-neurotransmitters' ukuze athumele izimpawu kusuka kwelinye iseli lemizwa kuya kwelinye.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-ADHD ingabangelwa ukungalingani noma ukuntuleka kwama-neurotransmitter athile, ikakhulukazi i-dopamine ne -norepinephrine (ebizwa nangokuthi i-noradrenaline kwamanye amazwe). Ngaphandle kwenani elifanele noma ingxube yama-neurotransmitter, ubuchopho bakho abukwazi ukusebenza kahle.

Indlela yokubona i-ADHD kubantu abadala?

Udokotela, ngokuvamile isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo noma isazi sezifo zengqondo, uzoxilonga i-ADHD ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu zamanje. Njengengxenye yokuxilongwa kwe-ADHD, udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho zamanje kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu owawunazo useyingane. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlu lwemibuzo oluklanyelwe ngqo ukuxilonga i-ADHD. Njengamanje, azikho izivivinyo zelebhu noma izivivinyo zezokwelapha ezingasiza ekuxilongeni i-ADHD.

Iphathwa kanjani i-ADHD kubantu abadala?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuphelele kwe-ADHD, kodwa kuyisimo esingelapheka kakhulu .

Imithi

Indlela evame kakhulu nephumelelayo yokwelapha i-ADHD ukusebenzisa imithi. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi engasetshenziswa ukuyilapha. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izikhuthazi, ezingakhuthazi, kanye nemithi yokucindezeleka.

Kungase kudingeke uzame imithi ehlukene kanye nemithamo ukuze uthole okusebenza kahle kakhulu kuwe. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ngezinkinga ezingaba khona kanye nemiphumela emibi yale mithi.

Ukwelapha ngokwengqondo kanye namasu okuzivumelanisa nezimo

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kwabantu abadala abaningi abane-ADHD(igama lobuchwepheshe lokwelashwa kwempilo yengqondo) lingasiza. Bangase basebenzise namasu okubhekana nesimo, njengokudala isimiso esiqhubekayo, ukugcina uhlelo noma incwadi yamanothi, kanye nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone. Udokotela wakho angakutshela okwengeziwe mayelana nokwelashwa kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezingakusiza.

Ukwelashwa kwezimo ezihlobene

Abantu abadala abane-ADHD bavame ukuba nezinye izimo zempilo, ikakhulukazi ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo noma ukukhula kobuchopho. Izibonelo zalezi zifaka:

  • Ukukhathazeka , ikakhulukazi ukukhathazeka komphakathi.
  • Ukucindezeleka .
  • Izinkinga zokufunda ezithile , njenge -dyslexia noma i-dyscalculia .
  • Ukucindezeleka nezinkinga zempilo ezihlobene nakho.
  • Izinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa .

Izindawo zokuhlala emsebenzini

Izindawo zokuhlala zingamathuluzi noma izinguquko endaweni yakho yokusebenza ezikusiza ukuthi uphathe isimo. Zifana nezitebhisi zomuntu omfushane kunojwayelekile; izitebhisi zivumela umuntu omfushane ukuthi afinyelele ezindaweni eziphakeme njengomuntu omude. Ngokufanayo, izindawo zokuhlala zikuvumela ukuthi ufeze futhi uphumelele njengomuntu ongenanhlanhla.

Nakuba kungekho uhlaka oluqondile lwezomthetho lwalokhu eSri Lanka njengoMthetho WaseMelika Okhubazekile (i-ADA) e-US, ungazama ukuthola ukwesekwa okudingekayo ngokukhuluma noMnyango Wezabasebenzi wenhlangano yakho noma ngokuba nengxoxo enobungane nomphathi wakho. Nazi ezinye izibonelo ezingakusiza ukuphatha i-ADHD emsebenzini:

  • Amakhefu yilapho ungazinika isikhathi sokuvuka nokuhambahamba.
  • Ama-headphone aqeda umsindo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yomsindo.
  • Ukusebenzela ekhaya uma kungenzeka.
  • Ukusekelwa ngumqeqeshi noma umqeqeshi womsebenzi.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngine-ADHD yomuntu omdala?

Uma une-ADHD yomuntu omdala, imiphumela oyitholayo incike kuhlobo onalo kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho. Imithi, ukwelashwa, kanye nezinye izindlela zendabuko zanele ukuphatha lesi simo kubantu abaningi. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvumela abantu abaningi abane-ADHD ukuba babe nemisebenzi ephumelelayo, ubudlelwano, kanye nokuphila komndeni.

I-ADHD inezinzuzo zayo futhi!

Ubuchopho babantu abane-ADHD bukhula ngendlela ehlukile, futhi lokho kwehluka akuhlali kubi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ngokuvamile kungaba izinzuzo noma amandla. Nazi ezinye zazo:

  • Ubuciko:Abantu abane-ADHD bavame ukuba bahle emisebenzini yokudala. Umehluko endleleni ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo ungenza kube lula ukuthola izixazululo ezingavamile nezintsha.
  • Amandla kanye nesisusa: Ukusebenza ngokweqile kungaba amandla amakhulu akushukumisela ukuba ufeze imigomo.
  • Ukugxila ngokweqile: "Ungagxila kakhulu" emsebenzini okuthakazelisayo noma ojabulisayo. Esikhundleni sokuphazamiseka, ukhohlwa ngakho konke okunye bese ugxila ngokuphelele kulokho okwenzayo. Ochwepheshe baxhumanisa leli khono nokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nempumelelo.
  • Ukuvumelana: Abantu abane-ADHD bavame ukuba nozwela kakhulu kulabo ababazungezile. Ungase ube "umdlali weqembu" omuhle futhi uhlale ufuna ukusiza abanye.

Amabhizinisi nezinkampani nazo ziyazazi lezi zici ezinhle ze-ADHD. Izinkampani eziningi zizama ukuqasha abantu 'abane-neurodivergent' (kufaka phakathi labo abane-ADHD) ezikhundleni lapho ukuhlukahluka kobuchopho babo kungaba yinzuzo khona.

I-ADHD yabantu abadala ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-ADHD iyisimo esihlala isikhathi eside. Ayipheli, futhi ayikho ikhambi. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ubukhali bezimpawu buyancipha ngokuguga, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engama-60.

Iyini ikusasa lalesi simo?

I-ADHD ngokwayo ayiyona inkinga eyingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma i-ADHD yomuntu omdala ingelashwa - ikakhulukazi uma inzima - ingathinta impilo yakho ngezindlela eziningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

  • Ingozi eyengeziwe yokulimala: Ukuxhamazela, ukusebenza ngokweqile, kanye nokunganaki okuyizimpawu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD konke kungaba nomthelela ekulimaleni. Lokhu kungandisa nengozi yezimo zempilo yengqondo njengokukhathazeka kanye nokucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele (PTSD) .
  • Izinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa: Abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi "okwelapha" ngotshwala noma ngemithi engagunyaziwe ngudokotela, okwandisa ingozi yokuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
  • Izinkinga zomthetho kanye nokuboshwa: Ukuba ne-ADHD kukubeka engcupheni enkulu yezimo ezifana nokuphazamiseka kobuntu okungekuhle kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha, okuhlobene kakhulu nokuziphatha kobugebengu. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lesi yisinye sezizathu ezenza amazinga e-ADHD abe phezulu kunesilinganiso phakathi kwabantu abanezigwebo zobugebengu.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma une-ADHD, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi, kanye nokuncoma ukwelashwa kanye nezinguquko endleleni yakho yokuphila ezingasiza ngalesi simo. Ezinye zezinto ezinhle kakhulu ongayenza yilezi:

  • Thatha imithi njengoba nje uyalelwe:Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza imithi ye-ADHD njengoba nje uyalelwe. Lena ukuphela kwendlela ozothola ngayo izinzuzo ezigcwele kuyo. Uma uthatha izikhuthazi, ukuzithatha njengoba uyalelwe kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulutheka noma ukulutha.
  • Thola izindlela zokuzivumelanisa nokunqoba ubuthakathaka bakho: I-ADHD ingabonakala ihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, ngakho-ke amasu akusiza nawo angahluka kakhulu. Thola okukusebenzelayo bese ufaka lawo masu empilweni yakho. Azokwenza kube lula ukuphila nemiphumela ye-ADHD, uwanqobe, futhi usebenze.
  • Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone kanye nezinye ubuchwepheshe zingakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nalesi simo. Kukhona nemiphakathi eku-inthanethi lapho abantu abane-ADHD bengabelana khona ngolwazi futhi bakhulume ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo. Lokhu kungaba futhi izinsiza ezingakusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono futhi ubhekane nalesi simo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho njengoba udokotela wakho encoma, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi noma uthola olunye ukwelashwa. Uma uthatha imithi evuselelayo, imithetho yesifundazwe sakho noma yezwe ingadinga ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze udokotela wakho aqhubeke nokukunikeza imithi. Udokotela wakho angakutshela okwengeziwe ngalokhu futhi ancome isimiso salezi zikhathi zokuqokwa.

Lokhu kuthinta bani? Kuvamile kangakanani?

I-ADHD ingathinta noma ubani, kodwa abesilisa banamathuba amaningi okutholakala benalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, kunobufakazi bokuthi i-ADHD ivame ukuhlonza kancane noma ukuhlonza kabi kwabesifazane. Akukho futhi ukuvumelana ngokuthi lesi simo sithinta abantu ngendlela ehlukile ngokusekelwe ohlangeni noma ubuzwe. Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi lezi zici zingase zibe nomthelela yini ekwehlukeni kwendlela lesi simo esithinta ngayo abantu.

I-ADHD iyisifo esivame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi sithinta abantu abadala abaphakathi kuka-2.5% no-6.76% emhlabeni jikelele. Lokho kusho ukuthi lesi sifo sithinta abantu abaphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-139 no-360 emhlabeni jikelele.

Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi phakathi kuka-15% no-20% wabantu abadala abatholakale beyizingane basahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezigcwele zalesi simo, kanti abanye abangu-40% kuya ku-60% bayaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu ezithile okungenani.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ADD yabantu abadala kanye ne-ADHD yabantu abadala?

I-ADD yigama elidala le-subtype yokunganaki ye-ADHD. Ngo-1987, i-American Psychiatric Association yashintsha igama lalesi simo laba yigama laso lamanje, "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Ukubuyekezwa kwakamuva kwe-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5-TR™) kuhlukanisa lesi simo sibe yi-innate, hyperactivity/impulsivity, kanye ne-mixed subtypes.

Okubalulekile: I-ADHD yisimo esithinta ukukhula kobuchopho futhi sibangele ukusebenza ngokweqile, ukuziphatha okungenangqondo, noma ukunganaki. Siqala ebuntwaneni, futhi izingane eziningi - kodwa hhayi zonke - ziyakhula njengoba zikhula. I-ADHD kubantu abadala ingathinta ukusebenza kwakho emsebenzini, ubudlelwano nabantu, nokuningi.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Nakuba i-ADHD ingangeza izinselele empilweni yakho, khumbula ukuthi iyisimo esilawuleka kalula . Ungaphila naso ngempumelelo ngemithi, ukwelashwa kwengqondo, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila elula. Ngezinye izikhathi, amakhono ahlukene ahambisana ne-ADHD angaba yinzuzo ngisho nasemsebenzini wakho kanye nempilo yakho.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-ADHD, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukhulume ngakho. Ngokuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, ungalawula imiphumela yalesi simo futhi uyiguqule ibe amathuluzi empumelelo yakho. Awuwedwa, futhi kunezindlela eziningi zokuthola usizo.


I - ADHD, i-ADHD Yabantu Abadala, Isifo Sokuntuleka Kokunaka Okungapheli, Impilo Yengqondo, Izimpawu ze-ADHD, Ukwelashwa kwe-ADHD

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Ingabe nawe une-ADHD? Ake sixoxe ngesifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD) kubantu abadala!
Izifo NezimoJulayi 16, 2026

Ingabe nawe une-ADHD? Ake sixoxe ngesifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD) kubantu abadala!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola kunzima ukugxila emsebenzini? Noma uzizwa ungakhululekile kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, sengathi umane nje udidekile? Mhlawumbe lezi zinto bezilokhu zikhona kusukela ebuntwaneni. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibonakala nakubantu abadala, kodwa abantu abaningi abangasazi. Leso yi -ADHD , noma i-Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder .

Iyini le ADHD eyenzeka nakubantu abadala?

Kalula nje, i-ADHD yisimo esithinta ukukhula kobuchopho bakho. Empeleni iqala ebuntwaneni. Nakuba abanye abantu bekhula bedlula lesi simo njengoba bekhula, kwabaningi asipheli.

Njengengane, i-ADHD ingathinta umsebenzi wesikole kanye nobudlelwano nabangani. Ingakuthinta nawe njengomuntu omdala. Ingathinta umsebenzi wakho, ubungane bakho, ubudlelwano bomndeni wakho, ngisho nempilo yakho yengqondo.

Lesi simo sithinta kanjani umzimba wami, ikakhulukazi ubuchopho bami?

Abantu abane-ADHD babizwa ngokuthi ``neurodivergent .'' Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho babo bukhule ngendlela ehluke kancane. Uma lowo mehluko mkhulu ngokwanele, izimo ezifana ne-ADHD zingavela. Abanye abantu, okusho ukuthi abantu abangenawo lowo mehluko wobuchopho, babizwa ngokuthi ``neurotypical .'' Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho babo bukhule ngendlela evamile.

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho kubantu abane-ADHD azisebenzi kahle kunalokho obekulindelekile. Lezi zindawo ezithintekile yizo ezilawula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Sibiza isethi yamakhono esiwatholayo ngale "misebenzi yokuphatha." Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezifana nekhono lakho lokuhlela, ukucabanga ngokunengqondo, ukwenza izinqumo, nokugxila nokulawula ukunaka kwakho. I-ADHD ilimaza la makhono. Lesi sibonakaliso sibizwa ngokuthi "ukungasebenzi kahle kokuphatha."

Ziyini lezi zimpawu ze-ADHD?

Izimpawu ze-ADHD kubantu abadala zifana kakhulu nalezo ezibonakala ezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi senza izinto ngendlela ehlukile empilweni yabantu abadala, indlela lezi zimpawu ezizibonakalisa ngayo ingase ihluke kancane. Isibonelo, esikhundleni sokuba nezinkinga ngomsebenzi wesikole, ungase ube nezinkinga ngomsebenzi.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD. Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi unaluphi uhlobo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi unezinhlobo zokunganaki , uhlobo lwe-hyperactivity/impulsivity , noma uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho. Udokotela wakho uzonquma nobunzima besimo sakho se-ADHD. Amazinga amathathu yilawa:

  • Okuncane:Kuleli zinga, unezimpawu ezincane ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale isifo, kodwa azikho izimpawu ezinzima ezibonakala.
  • Okumaphakathi: Izimpawu zakho ziphazamisa kakhulu umsebenzi wakho noma ubudlelwano bakho nabantu.
  • Okubi kakhulu: Kuleli zinga, izimpawu zithinta kakhulu umsebenzi wakho kanye/noma impilo yakho yomphakathi. Abantu abanezimpawu ezinzima bangase bakuthole kunzima ukugcina umsebenzi noma ukugcina ubudlelwano.

Izimpawu zokunganaki

Izimpawu zokunganaki zingathinta kabi ubudlelwano bakho nabantu, umsebenzi, kanye nokusebenza kwakho kwezemfundo. Ukuze utholakale une-ADHD, kufanele okungenani ube nezimpawu eziyisithupha kwezilandelayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha:

  • Amaphutha abangelwa ukunganakwa: Lokhu kuholela emaphutheni anganaki, imininingwane engekho, kanye nezinkinga ngokunemba. Lokhu kungathinta umsebenzi wakho, futhi uma ungumfundi, kungathinta imisebenzi yakho yemfundo. Cabanga ukuthi uphuthelwe amaphuzu amaningana abalulekile embikweni owunikiwe, futhi kwaba yinkinga enkulu.
  • Ubunzima bokugcina ukunaka: Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukugcina ingqondo yakho igxile ngesikhathi sengxoxo, umhlangano, inkulumo, noma ngenkathi ufunda noma utadisha isikhathi eside.
  • Ubunzima bokulalela nokunaka lapho abanye bekhuluma nawe: Lokhu kungazwakala sengathi ukwelinye izwe, ulahlekile ephusheni, noma ikhanda lakho likwenye indawo (okubizwa nangokuthi "ukubuka okungamamitha ayinkulungwane").
  • Ubunzima bokuqeda umsebenzi: Lokhu kusho ukuthi uqala imisebenzi emisha noma amaphrojekthi ngokushesha okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kuba nzima ukuwaqeda, njengokungathi ibhethri "liyaphela."
  • Ubunzima bokuhlela nokubeka izinto eziza kuqala: Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngawe ukuhlela nokusebenzela ukufeza imigomo, ikakhulukazi leyo enezinyathelo eziningi. Lokhu kungakwenza ubonakale ungahlelekile, noma kwenze kube nzima ngawe ukufika ngesikhathi nokuqeda imisebenzi ngesikhathi.
  • Ukungathandi noma ukugwema imisebenzi eyisicefe: Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngawe ukugxila emisebenzini eyisicefe, eyisicefe, njengomsebenzi wasekhaya noma umsebenzi ojwayelekile ehhovisi.
  • Ukuba namathuba amaningi okulahlekelwa, ukulahla, noma ukukhohlwa izinto: Lokhu kungakwenza ubonakale ungumuntu ongenandaba, ongenandaba. Ungase ulahle izinto ezifana nesikhwama sakho semali, ifoni, noma okhiye. Ungase futhi ngezinye izikhathi ushiye izinto ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile - isibonelo, ungase ushiye okhiye bakho ngengozi esiqandisini bese uzama ukuzithola.
  • Ukuphazamiseka kalula: Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yalokho okwenzekayo okuzungezile, noma ngoba ingqondo yakho iyazulazula nje.
  • Ukukhohlwa noma ukuntuleka kokugxila emisebenzini yansuku zonke:Ungase ukhohlwe ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti, ukuyolanda ukudla, ukukhokha izikweletu, nokuthenga izinto zasekhaya.

Izimpawu zokungakhathali/ukungashukumi

Ukushesha ngokweqile kanye nokungasheshi kujwayelekile kakhulu ku-ADHD. Ukushesha ngokweqile kungabangela izinkinga ngamakhono okuxhumana nabantu kanye nokuxhumana. Ukuze utholakale une-hyperactivity/impulsivity subtype ye-ADHD, kumele okungenani ube nezimpawu eziyisithupha kwezilandelayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha:

  • Ukuzulazula njalo nokungahlaliseki: Lokhu kungabonakala ezintweni ezifana nokuthinta izinyawo, ukuthinta izinyawo, ukuzungeza ipeni, noma ukubheka ifoni yakho.
  • Ubunzima bokuhlala phansi ngaso sonke isikhathi: Lokhu kukwenza ufune ukuvuka nokuhambahamba njalo.
  • Ukungahlaliseki: Ezinganeni ezincane, lokhu kungabonakala njengokugijima nokugxumagxuma, noma ukukhwela izihlahla ngezikhathi ezingafanele. Kwabantu abadala, lokhu kungabonakala njengokungakwazi ukuhlala uthule.
  • Ubunzima bokujabulela ukuthula: Lokhu kungabonakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphumula, lapho uhlanganyela emsebenzini wokuzilibazisa, noma ngesikhathi somsebenzi ojabulisayo nophumuzayo. Ungase ukhulume wedwa, noma usho amagama noma imisho engenamsebenzi ngokuzwakalayo.
  • Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lomsebenzi: Lokhu kungakwenza ubonakale sengathi uhlala umatasa futhi uphuthuma. Kungaba nzima ngabanye ukusebenza nawe.
  • Ukukhuluma kakhulu: Lokhu kukhuluma sengathi awunawo umhluzi, ukunikeza ulwazi oluningi ngawe, noma ukukhuluma isikhathi eside ngesihloko osithandayo (esibizwa nangokuthi "ukulahla ulwazi").
  • Ubunzima bokuzibamba engxoxweni: Lokhu kusho ukuthi unezinkinga ezingxoxweni ngoba ukhuluma ngokushesha ngaphandle kokucabanga. Uvame ukuphazamisa abanye, uqede imisho yabo, noma ukhulume ngaphandle kokucabanga ngalokho abanye abangase bakucabange.
  • Ubunzima bokulinda ithuba lakho: Isibonelo, ukuba nobunzima bokulinda emgqeni, noma ukuba nobunzima bokulinda into oyifunayo.
  • Ubunzima bokuqonda imingcele efanele yezenhlalo: Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni uhlale uphazamisa imisebenzi nezingxoxo zabanye abantu ngokungadingekile. Ungase uphazamise izingxoxo, imisebenzi, nemidlalo ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuthi kuyabakhathaza abanye.

Izimpawu ezihlanganisiwe

Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu unezimpawu okungenani eziyisithupha zokuxhamazela/ukungakhathali kanye nezimpawu okungenani eziyisithupha zokunganaki.

Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?

Ochwepheshe abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani noma kanjani i-ADHD yenzeka. Kodwa kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi izinguquko esakhiweni sobuchopho, izinguquko kumakhemikhali obuchopho, noma kokubili zingadlala indima. Futhi lokhuKuyaziwa futhi ukuthi kungaba yizakhi zofuzo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungazuza i-ADHD kumzali oyedwa noma bobabili. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangayihlakulela ngaphandle kokuba nanoma ubani emndenini abe nayo.

Izinguquko esakhiweni sobuchopho

Ukuba ne-ADHD kusho ukuthi ungase ube nezinguquko ezicashile kodwa ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kobuchopho bakho. Ingxenye ebalulekile yendlela ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo yindlela obuxhumanisa ngayo izingxenye ezahlukene zabo. Ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho babantu abane-ADHD zingase zibonakale zinezixhumanisi ezimbalwa, noma zingase zibonakale zincane noma zincane kakhulu kunobuchopho babantu abangenayo i-ADHD. Lezi zingxenye ezithintekile yizo ezilawula imisebenzi yokuphatha .

Izinguquko kumakhemikhali obuchopho

Ubuchopho bakho buthembele kunethiwekhi yamangqamuzana akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-neurons' . Lawa yiwo athumela futhi amukele izimpawu kulo lonke ubuchopho. Lezo zimpawu yizo ezibangela izinto ezifana nezinto ozicabangayo nezinto ezenza imisipha yakho inyakaze. Ubuchopho bakho budinga amakhemikhali akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-neurotransmitters' ukuze athumele izimpawu kusuka kwelinye iseli lemizwa kuya kwelinye.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-ADHD ingabangelwa ukungalingani noma ukuntuleka kwama-neurotransmitter athile, ikakhulukazi i-dopamine ne -norepinephrine (ebizwa nangokuthi i-noradrenaline kwamanye amazwe). Ngaphandle kwenani elifanele noma ingxube yama-neurotransmitter, ubuchopho bakho abukwazi ukusebenza kahle.

Indlela yokubona i-ADHD kubantu abadala?

Udokotela, ngokuvamile isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo noma isazi sezifo zengqondo, uzoxilonga i-ADHD ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu zamanje. Njengengxenye yokuxilongwa kwe-ADHD, udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho zamanje kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu owawunazo useyingane. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlu lwemibuzo oluklanyelwe ngqo ukuxilonga i-ADHD. Njengamanje, azikho izivivinyo zelebhu noma izivivinyo zezokwelapha ezingasiza ekuxilongeni i-ADHD.

Iphathwa kanjani i-ADHD kubantu abadala?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuphelele kwe-ADHD, kodwa kuyisimo esingelapheka kakhulu .

Imithi

Indlela evame kakhulu nephumelelayo yokwelapha i-ADHD ukusebenzisa imithi. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi engasetshenziswa ukuyilapha. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izikhuthazi, ezingakhuthazi, kanye nemithi yokucindezeleka.

Kungase kudingeke uzame imithi ehlukene kanye nemithamo ukuze uthole okusebenza kahle kakhulu kuwe. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ngezinkinga ezingaba khona kanye nemiphumela emibi yale mithi.

Ukwelapha ngokwengqondo kanye namasu okuzivumelanisa nezimo

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kwabantu abadala abaningi abane-ADHD(igama lobuchwepheshe lokwelashwa kwempilo yengqondo) lingasiza. Bangase basebenzise namasu okubhekana nesimo, njengokudala isimiso esiqhubekayo, ukugcina uhlelo noma incwadi yamanothi, kanye nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone. Udokotela wakho angakutshela okwengeziwe mayelana nokwelashwa kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezingakusiza.

Ukwelashwa kwezimo ezihlobene

Abantu abadala abane-ADHD bavame ukuba nezinye izimo zempilo, ikakhulukazi ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo noma ukukhula kobuchopho. Izibonelo zalezi zifaka:

  • Ukukhathazeka , ikakhulukazi ukukhathazeka komphakathi.
  • Ukucindezeleka .
  • Izinkinga zokufunda ezithile , njenge -dyslexia noma i-dyscalculia .
  • Ukucindezeleka nezinkinga zempilo ezihlobene nakho.
  • Izinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa .

Izindawo zokuhlala emsebenzini

Izindawo zokuhlala zingamathuluzi noma izinguquko endaweni yakho yokusebenza ezikusiza ukuthi uphathe isimo. Zifana nezitebhisi zomuntu omfushane kunojwayelekile; izitebhisi zivumela umuntu omfushane ukuthi afinyelele ezindaweni eziphakeme njengomuntu omude. Ngokufanayo, izindawo zokuhlala zikuvumela ukuthi ufeze futhi uphumelele njengomuntu ongenanhlanhla.

Nakuba kungekho uhlaka oluqondile lwezomthetho lwalokhu eSri Lanka njengoMthetho WaseMelika Okhubazekile (i-ADA) e-US, ungazama ukuthola ukwesekwa okudingekayo ngokukhuluma noMnyango Wezabasebenzi wenhlangano yakho noma ngokuba nengxoxo enobungane nomphathi wakho. Nazi ezinye izibonelo ezingakusiza ukuphatha i-ADHD emsebenzini:

  • Amakhefu yilapho ungazinika isikhathi sokuvuka nokuhambahamba.
  • Ama-headphone aqeda umsindo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yomsindo.
  • Ukusebenzela ekhaya uma kungenzeka.
  • Ukusekelwa ngumqeqeshi noma umqeqeshi womsebenzi.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngine-ADHD yomuntu omdala?

Uma une-ADHD yomuntu omdala, imiphumela oyitholayo incike kuhlobo onalo kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho. Imithi, ukwelashwa, kanye nezinye izindlela zendabuko zanele ukuphatha lesi simo kubantu abaningi. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvumela abantu abaningi abane-ADHD ukuba babe nemisebenzi ephumelelayo, ubudlelwano, kanye nokuphila komndeni.

I-ADHD inezinzuzo zayo futhi!

Ubuchopho babantu abane-ADHD bukhula ngendlela ehlukile, futhi lokho kwehluka akuhlali kubi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ngokuvamile kungaba izinzuzo noma amandla. Nazi ezinye zazo:

  • Ubuciko:Abantu abane-ADHD bavame ukuba bahle emisebenzini yokudala. Umehluko endleleni ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo ungenza kube lula ukuthola izixazululo ezingavamile nezintsha.
  • Amandla kanye nesisusa: Ukusebenza ngokweqile kungaba amandla amakhulu akushukumisela ukuba ufeze imigomo.
  • Ukugxila ngokweqile: "Ungagxila kakhulu" emsebenzini okuthakazelisayo noma ojabulisayo. Esikhundleni sokuphazamiseka, ukhohlwa ngakho konke okunye bese ugxila ngokuphelele kulokho okwenzayo. Ochwepheshe baxhumanisa leli khono nokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nempumelelo.
  • Ukuvumelana: Abantu abane-ADHD bavame ukuba nozwela kakhulu kulabo ababazungezile. Ungase ube "umdlali weqembu" omuhle futhi uhlale ufuna ukusiza abanye.

Amabhizinisi nezinkampani nazo ziyazazi lezi zici ezinhle ze-ADHD. Izinkampani eziningi zizama ukuqasha abantu 'abane-neurodivergent' (kufaka phakathi labo abane-ADHD) ezikhundleni lapho ukuhlukahluka kobuchopho babo kungaba yinzuzo khona.

I-ADHD yabantu abadala ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-ADHD iyisimo esihlala isikhathi eside. Ayipheli, futhi ayikho ikhambi. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ubukhali bezimpawu buyancipha ngokuguga, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engama-60.

Iyini ikusasa lalesi simo?

I-ADHD ngokwayo ayiyona inkinga eyingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma i-ADHD yomuntu omdala ingelashwa - ikakhulukazi uma inzima - ingathinta impilo yakho ngezindlela eziningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

  • Ingozi eyengeziwe yokulimala: Ukuxhamazela, ukusebenza ngokweqile, kanye nokunganaki okuyizimpawu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD konke kungaba nomthelela ekulimaleni. Lokhu kungandisa nengozi yezimo zempilo yengqondo njengokukhathazeka kanye nokucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele (PTSD) .
  • Izinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa: Abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi "okwelapha" ngotshwala noma ngemithi engagunyaziwe ngudokotela, okwandisa ingozi yokuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
  • Izinkinga zomthetho kanye nokuboshwa: Ukuba ne-ADHD kukubeka engcupheni enkulu yezimo ezifana nokuphazamiseka kobuntu okungekuhle kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha, okuhlobene kakhulu nokuziphatha kobugebengu. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lesi yisinye sezizathu ezenza amazinga e-ADHD abe phezulu kunesilinganiso phakathi kwabantu abanezigwebo zobugebengu.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma une-ADHD, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi, kanye nokuncoma ukwelashwa kanye nezinguquko endleleni yakho yokuphila ezingasiza ngalesi simo. Ezinye zezinto ezinhle kakhulu ongayenza yilezi:

  • Thatha imithi njengoba nje uyalelwe:Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza imithi ye-ADHD njengoba nje uyalelwe. Lena ukuphela kwendlela ozothola ngayo izinzuzo ezigcwele kuyo. Uma uthatha izikhuthazi, ukuzithatha njengoba uyalelwe kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulutheka noma ukulutha.
  • Thola izindlela zokuzivumelanisa nokunqoba ubuthakathaka bakho: I-ADHD ingabonakala ihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, ngakho-ke amasu akusiza nawo angahluka kakhulu. Thola okukusebenzelayo bese ufaka lawo masu empilweni yakho. Azokwenza kube lula ukuphila nemiphumela ye-ADHD, uwanqobe, futhi usebenze.
  • Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone kanye nezinye ubuchwepheshe zingakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nalesi simo. Kukhona nemiphakathi eku-inthanethi lapho abantu abane-ADHD bengabelana khona ngolwazi futhi bakhulume ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo. Lokhu kungaba futhi izinsiza ezingakusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono futhi ubhekane nalesi simo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho njengoba udokotela wakho encoma, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi noma uthola olunye ukwelashwa. Uma uthatha imithi evuselelayo, imithetho yesifundazwe sakho noma yezwe ingadinga ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze udokotela wakho aqhubeke nokukunikeza imithi. Udokotela wakho angakutshela okwengeziwe ngalokhu futhi ancome isimiso salezi zikhathi zokuqokwa.

Lokhu kuthinta bani? Kuvamile kangakanani?

I-ADHD ingathinta noma ubani, kodwa abesilisa banamathuba amaningi okutholakala benalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, kunobufakazi bokuthi i-ADHD ivame ukuhlonza kancane noma ukuhlonza kabi kwabesifazane. Akukho futhi ukuvumelana ngokuthi lesi simo sithinta abantu ngendlela ehlukile ngokusekelwe ohlangeni noma ubuzwe. Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi lezi zici zingase zibe nomthelela yini ekwehlukeni kwendlela lesi simo esithinta ngayo abantu.

I-ADHD iyisifo esivame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi sithinta abantu abadala abaphakathi kuka-2.5% no-6.76% emhlabeni jikelele. Lokho kusho ukuthi lesi sifo sithinta abantu abaphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-139 no-360 emhlabeni jikelele.

Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi phakathi kuka-15% no-20% wabantu abadala abatholakale beyizingane basahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezigcwele zalesi simo, kanti abanye abangu-40% kuya ku-60% bayaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu ezithile okungenani.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ADD yabantu abadala kanye ne-ADHD yabantu abadala?

I-ADD yigama elidala le-subtype yokunganaki ye-ADHD. Ngo-1987, i-American Psychiatric Association yashintsha igama lalesi simo laba yigama laso lamanje, "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Ukubuyekezwa kwakamuva kwe-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5-TR™) kuhlukanisa lesi simo sibe yi-innate, hyperactivity/impulsivity, kanye ne-mixed subtypes.

Okubalulekile: I-ADHD yisimo esithinta ukukhula kobuchopho futhi sibangele ukusebenza ngokweqile, ukuziphatha okungenangqondo, noma ukunganaki. Siqala ebuntwaneni, futhi izingane eziningi - kodwa hhayi zonke - ziyakhula njengoba zikhula. I-ADHD kubantu abadala ingathinta ukusebenza kwakho emsebenzini, ubudlelwano nabantu, nokuningi.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Nakuba i-ADHD ingangeza izinselele empilweni yakho, khumbula ukuthi iyisimo esilawuleka kalula . Ungaphila naso ngempumelelo ngemithi, ukwelashwa kwengqondo, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila elula. Ngezinye izikhathi, amakhono ahlukene ahambisana ne-ADHD angaba yinzuzo ngisho nasemsebenzini wakho kanye nempilo yakho.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-ADHD, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukhulume ngakho. Ngokuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, ungalawula imiphumela yalesi simo futhi uyiguqule ibe amathuluzi empumelelo yakho. Awuwedwa, futhi kunezindlela eziningi zokuthola usizo.


I - ADHD, i-ADHD Yabantu Abadala, Isifo Sokuntuleka Kokunaka Okungapheli, Impilo Yengqondo, Izimpawu ze-ADHD, Ukwelashwa kwe-ADHD

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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