Ukhathele ukuzama ukunciphisa isisindo? Ukhathele ukudla ukudla okuncane, ukuzila ukudla, nokuzivocavoca? Ngezinye izikhathi, ukukhuluphala akuyona into engalawulwa kalula. Ezimweni ezinjalo, lapho zonke ezinye izindlela zehluleka, sizokhuluma ngesisombululo esikhethekile esiphakanyiswa odokotela namuhla. Lokho ukuhlinzwa kokunciphisa isisindo, noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric?
Kalula nje, lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa. Isetshenziselwa ukusiza abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile ukuba banciphise isisindo. Kodwa akuyona nje inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa amafutha emzimbeni njenge-liposuction. Okwenziwa lapha ukwenza izinguquko ezithile ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla .
Cabanga ngale ndlela, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenza izinto ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Isisu sakho sicindezelwe. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu inani lokudla ongakudla ngesikhathi esisodwa. Usazizwa usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane.
2. Kwezinye izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, ingxenye yamathumbu akho amancane ayisebenzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba umunca amakhalori kanye nezakhamzimba ezimbalwa ekudleni okudlayo.
Zombili lezi zindlela zinciphisa inani lama-calories umzimba wakho owamukelayo. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa , izimpawu zama-hormone ezitshela ubuchopho bakho ukuthi ulambile (izimpawu zendlala) nazo ziyancipha. Ngakho-ke umuzwa wokuhlala ufuna ukudla nawo uyalawulwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje indlela yokwelapha 'engumlingo' yokwehlisa isisindo. Ukuze lokhu kuphumelele, udinga ukuzibophezela okukhulu ekushintsheni ngokuphelele indlela yakho yokuphila kanye nemikhuba yakho yokudla, kokubili ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
Kungani udinga ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa?
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi noma ubani angehlisa isisindo ngokulandela ukudla okuhle nokuzivocavoca. Lokho kuyiqiniso ngokuvamile. Kodwa kumuntu okhuluphele kakhulu (ukukhuluphala kwesigaba sesi-3), akulula kangako. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu abanalolu hlobo lokukhuluphala banamathuba amancane okulondoloza ukwehla kwesisindo isikhathi eside ngokudla nokuzivocavoca kuphela.
Isizathu siwukuthi uma umzimba wethu usujwayele ukukhuluphala isikhathi eside, ucabanga ukuthi isisindo 'siyisisindo sawo esivamile'. Uma sizama ukwehlisa isisindo, umzimba uhlala uzama ukubuyela kuleso sisindo 'esivamile'. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusiza ukushintsha leyo nqubo futhi kudale isimo lapho singathola khona imiphumela yokudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Yiziphi ezinye izifo ezingalawulwa yilokhu kuhlinzwa?
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile akukhona nje ngokuba nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Kungaholela nasezifweni eziningi ezisongela ukuphila. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimo zingalungiswa ngokunciphisa isisindo ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric.Kuthuthukiswe kakhulu noma kulawulwa ngokuphelele.
Nazi ezinye zezimo ezinjalo:
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol Ephezulu | Ukwanda kwamafutha (ama-lipid) egazini. Lawa angahlala emithanjeni yegazi futhi ayivimbe. Lokhu kungabangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi. |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Ukucindezela okwandayo njengoba igazi ligeleza emithanjeni yegazi kuyanda. Lokhu kulimaza imithambo yegazi futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi. |
| Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2 | Njengoba amafutha omzimba eqoqana, ukumelana ne-insulin kungakhula. Lokhu kungaholela kusifo sikashukela. Lesi simo singalawulwa kakhulu ngokunciphisa isisindo. |
| Isifo senhliziyo | Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Kubangela nokuthi amafutha aqongeleleke emithanjeni yegazi, okwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. |
| Isifo Sezinso | Izifo ezibangelwa ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela, zingalimaza izinso futhi zibangele ngisho nokwehluleka ukusebenza kwazo. |
| Ukuphefumula Kokulala Okungavinjelwe | Isimo lapho umphimbo uvaleka khona futhi ukuphefumula kuyeka ngokuphindaphindiwe ngesikhathi sokulala. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lomoya-mpilo ofinyelela ezithweni zomzimba futhi kungalimaza inhliziyo. |
| I-Osteoarthritis | Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kubeka ingcindezi enkulu emalungeni afana namadolo. Lokhu kungalimaza amalunga futhi kubangele ubuhlungu. Uma wehlisa isisindo, le ngcindezi nayo iyancipha. |
| Umdlavuza | Nakuba ukuxhumana kungacacile ngokuphelele, ukukhuluphala kutholakale kwandisa ingozi yezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zomdlavuza. |
Ubani ofanelekela lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa akwenziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Kunezindlela ezithile zokukwenza. Into eyinhloko ebhekwayo yi-body mass index yakho, noma i-BMI (Body Mass Index) . I-BMI iyisilinganiso esilula esilinganisa ukuthi unesisindo esinempilo yini ngobude bakho.
Ngokuvamile, labo abafanelekela ukuhlinzwa yilaba:
- Uma i-BMI ingu-40 noma ngaphezulu , lokhu kubhekwa njengokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
- Uma une -BMI engama-35 noma ngaphezulu kanye nesinye noma ngaphezulu sezimo zezokwelapha ezibalwe ngenhla ezihlotshaniswa nokukhuluphala (isib. isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme).
Lokhu kufaneleka kunqunywa udokotela wakho ngemva kokukuhlola nokwenza izivivinyo zezokwelapha ezidingekayo.
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuba unikezwe usuku lokuhlinzwa, ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqinisekisa ukuthi usukulungele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
- Uzohlolwa yithimba lodokotela abangochwepheshe.
- Izinzuzo, ukungalungi, kanye nezingozi zokuhlinzwa kuzochazwa kuwe ngokuningiliziwe.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okudingekayo kanye nokuskena kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngokuphephile.
- Uma ubhema, usebenzisa izidakamizwa, noma uphuza ngokweqile, kuzodingeka uyeke ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuba ufanelekele ukuhlinzwa .
- Emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ulandele ukudla okukhethekile (ukudla kokuhlinzwa kwangaphambi kwe-bariatric). Lokhu kwenzelwa ukunciphisa inani lamafutha esiswini sakho, okwenza ukuhlinzwa kuphephe futhi kube lula.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kokunciphisa isisindo?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukulungele ngokusekelwe empilweni yakho nezidingo zakho. Iningi lalezi zinhlinzeko zenziwa nge-laparoscopically, kusetshenziswa ikhamera efakwe ngezimbobo ezimbalwa ezincane esiswini. Lokhu kuphumela esikhathini esincane sokululama kanye nezibazi ezincane.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Isikhwama Sesisu (Ukuhlinzwa Kwesisu Esinoboya) | Lolu uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oluvame kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla. Luhilela ukususa cishe u-80% wesisu, kusale ithubhu elincane elibunjwe njengobhanana. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lokudla ongakudla futhi kunciphisa nokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone abangela indlala. |
| I-Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y) | Kule nqubo, kususwa isikhwama esincane engxenyeni engenhla yesisu bese sixhunywa ngqo engxenyeni engezansi yamathumbu amancane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukudla kudlula ingxenye enkulu yesisu kanye nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lokudla okudliwayo kanye nenani lezakhamzimba ezimuncwa ngumzimba. |
| I-Duodenal Switch (BPD-DS) | Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi. Kuhilela kokubili ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kanye nokweqa ingxenye enkulu yamathumbu amancane. Nakuba kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwehlisa isisindo nokulawula izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, kwandisa nengozi yokushoda kokudla okunempilo ngoba ukumuncwa komzimba izakhamzimba kuncishiswa kakhulu. |
Ziyini izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric kungaba nezingozi ezithile kanye nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ezimweni eziningi , izingozi zezifo ezibangelwa ukukhuluphala zidlula kakhulu izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezingozi.
1. Izinkinga ezivamile ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa: ukopha, ukutheleleka, amahlule egazi, ukwakheka kwe-hernia, izinkinga ezihlobene nokubulala izinzwa.
2.Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ngenxa yezinguquko ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla:
- I-Dumping Syndrome: Izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, nokujuluka kwenzeka njengoba ukudla kuhamba ngokushesha kakhulu kusuka esiswini kuya emathunjini amancane. Lokhu kungalawulwa ngokushintsha ukudla kwakho.
- Ukungondleki: Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini namaminerali kungenzeka ngenxa yokuncipha kokumuncwa kwezakhamzimba ngumzimba. Lokhu kudinga izithasiselo zamavithamini impilo yonke njengoba kunqunywe udokotela.
- Amatshe enyongo: Kukhona ingozi yokuthola amatshe enyongo uma wehlisa isisindo ngokushesha.
Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela zonke lezi zingozi.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kuzothatha amasonto ambalwa ukuphumula nokubuyela emisebenzini evamile.
- Ukudla: Qala ngoketshezi kuqala, kancane kancane ushintshele ekudleni okucoliwe, ukudla okuthambile, bese kuthi ngemva kwamasonto angaba ngu-12 ujwayele ukudla okuqinile okuvamile.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha: Ngonyaka wokuqala, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo futhi uhlolwe igazi ukuze kuqashwe ukwehla kwesisindo sakho kanye nempilo yakho.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo: Ngokwesilinganiso, cishe abantu abangu-90% balahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-50% wesisindo sabo eseqile. Lokhu kwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka kancane kancane eminyakeni emibili yokuqala.
- Isikhumba esiningi: Uma wehlisa isisindo esiningi, isikhumba sakho singawohloka. Uma kudingeka, ungenza ukuhlinzwa okuhlukile (ukuhlinzwa kokuguqula umzimba) ukuze kususwe isikhumba esiningi ngemva konyaka noma emibili.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bariatric kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yesikhathi eside yokukhuluphala ngokweqile (i-Class III Obesity).
- Lena akuyona 'indlela elula'; ukuze uphumelele, udinga ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kanye nokudla ukudla okunempilo impilo yakho yonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezihilelekile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho bese uhlola izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa akugcini nje ngokusiza ekunciphiseni isisindo, kodwa futhi kusiza ukulawula izifo eziningi ezimbi njengesifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
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